Randy Schekman: Difference between revisions

| name = Randy Schekman

| birth_name = Randy Wayne Schekman

| image = Randy Shekman 01.JPG

| image_size =

| caption = Schekman in 2015.

| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1948|12|30|mf=y}}

| birth_place = [[Saint Paul, Minnesota]], [[United States|U.S.]]

| death_date =

| death_place =

|work_institutions alma_mater = [[University of California, BerkeleyLos Angeles|UCLA]]<br/> ([[UniversityBachelor of California, Los AngelesArts|UCLABA]])<br/>[[HowardStanford HughesUniversity]] Medical([[Doctorate Instituteof Philosophy|PhD]])<br/>[[Stanford University of Edinburgh]]

* [[E. B. Wilson Medal]] {{small|(2010)}}

| website = {{URL|http://mcb.berkeley.edu/labs/schekman}}<br/>{{URL|http://royalsociety.org/people/randy-schekman}}

}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1146/annurev.cb.15.010199.100001|title=Preface by Randy Schekman|year=1999|last1=Schekman|first1=Randy|journal=Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology|volume=15}}</ref> In 2011, he was announced as the editor of ''[[eLife]]'', a new high-profile [[Open access|open-access journal]] published by the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]], the [[Max Planck Society]] and the [[Wellcome Trust]] launching in 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2011/WTVM052100.htm |title=New journal editor named as Randy Schekman &#124; Wellcome Trust |access-date=July 12, 2011 |archive-date=October 11, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131011172112/http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/News/Media-office/Press-releases/2011/WTVM052100.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> He was elected to the [[National Academy of Sciences]] in 1992.<ref name="microsoft">{{AcademicSearch|2637373}}</ref> Schekman shared the 2013 [[Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine]] with [[James Rothman]] and [[Thomas C. Südhof]] for their ground-breaking work on cell membrane vesicle trafficking.<ref name="nobel"/><ref name="scopus">{{Scopus|id=7103412555}}</ref>

Schekman was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to Alfred Schekman, an electrical engineer and inventorcomputer software designer and Esther (Bader) Schekman,.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.startribune.com/not-a-prank-st-paul-native-lands-2013-nobel-prize-in-medicine/226771111/|title='Not a prank': St. Paul native lands 2013 Nobel Prize in Medicine|website=Star Tribune}}</ref> His family were Jewish emigrants from Russia and [[Bessarabia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2013/schekman/biographical/|title = The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013}}</ref> In the late 1950s his family moved to the new suburban community of [[Rossmoor, California|Rossmoor]], located in Orange County next to Long Beach. He graduated from [[Western High School (Anaheim, California)|Western High School]] in [[Anaheim, California]], in 1966.<ref>{{cite news|last=Marroquin|first=Art|title=Nobel Prize winner credits high school teacher|newspaper=[[Orange County Register]]|date=October 19, 2013|page=Local 7}}</ref> He received a BA in Molecularmolecular Sciencesbiology from the [[University of California, Los Angeles|University of California in Los Angeles]] (UCLA), in 1971. He spent his third year at the [[University of Edinburgh]] in Scotland, as an exchange student.<ref name="pnas"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Randy Schekman, molecular biologist and UCLA alumnus, wins 2013 Nobel Prize|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/randy-schekman-molecular-biologist-248784.aspx|publisher=University of California, Los Angeles|access-date=8 October 2013}}</ref> He received a PhD in 1975 from [[Stanford University]] for research on [[DNA replication]] working with [[Arthur Kornberg]].<ref name="schekphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Randy Wayne|last=Schekman |title=Resolution and Reconstruction of a multienzyme DNA replication reaction (1975) |publisher=Stanford University |date=1975 |id={{ProQuest|302775556}}}}</ref> After joining the faculty at University of California, Berkeley, he was promoted to Associateassociate Professorprofessor in 19841981 and Professor in 19941984.

Since 1991, Schekman has been a [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] Investigator,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/schekman.html |title=HHMI Scientist Abstract: Randy W. Schekman, Ph.D. |access-date=July 12, 2011}}</ref> Divisiondivision of Biochemistrybiochemistry and Molecularmolecular Biologybiology, Departmentdepartment of Molecularmolecular and Cellcell Biologybiology, at the University of California, Berkeley. The Schekman Lab at that university carries out research into molecular descriptions of the process of membrane assembly and [[Vesicle (biology)|vesicular]] traffic<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Schekman | first1 = R. | author-link = Randy Schekman | last2 = Orci | first2 = L. | doi = 10.1126/science.271.5255.1526 | title = Coat Proteins and Vesicle Budding | journal = Science | volume = 271 | issue = 5255 | pages = 1526–1533 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8599108| bibcode = 1996Sci...271.1526S | s2cid = 30752342 }}</ref> in [[eukaryotic]] cells<ref>{{cite web |url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Randy+Schekman |title=Randy Schekman publications in Google Scholar |access-date=July 12, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Deshaies | first1 = R. J. | last2 = Koch | first2 = B. D. | last3 = Werner-Washburne | first3 = M. | last4 = Craig | first4 = E. A. | last5 = Schekman | first5 = R. | author-link5 = Randy Schekman| title = A subfamily of stress proteins facilitates translocation of secretory and mitochondrial precursor polypeptides | doi = 10.1038/332800a0 | journal = Nature | volume = 332 | issue = 6167 | pages = 800–805 | year = 1988 | pmid = 3282178| bibcode = 1988Natur.332..800D | s2cid = 39993735 }}</ref> including yeast.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Novick | first1 = P. | last2 = Field | first2 = C. | last3 = Schekman | first3 = R. | author-link3 = Randy Schekman| doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90128-2 | title = Identification of 23 complementation groups required for post-translational events in the yeast secretory pathway | journal = Cell | volume = 21 | issue = 1 | pages = 205–215 | year = 1980 | pmid = 6996832| doi-access = free }}</ref> Before that, he was a faculty member with the now disbanded Department of Biochemistry at the same university.

In 1987 Schekman received the [[Eli Lilly and Company-Elanco Research Award|Eli Lilly Award in Microbiology]]. In 1992, Schekman was elected a [[Member of the National Academy of Sciences]].<ref name=nasmember>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/62042.html|title=Randy W. Schekman|website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref> In 2002, Schekman received the [[Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research]]<ref>{{Cite journal

}}</ref> and [[Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize]] of [[Columbia University]] along with [[James Rothman]] for their discovery of cellular membrane trafficking, a process that cells use to organize their activities and communicate with their environment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/research/horwitz-prize/prize-awardees|title=Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize Awardees|access-date=October 13, 2013}}</ref> In 2008 he was named the first Miller Senior Fellow of the [[Miller Institute]] at the University of California Berkeley. That same year, he was elected to the [[American Philosophical Society]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Randy+Wayne+Schekman&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-05-03|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Massry Prize]] from the [[Keck School of Medicine]], [[University of Southern California]], in 2010. Schekman isserves alsoas a member of the Selection Committee forand then as chair of Life Science and Medicine which chooses winners of the [[Shaw Prize]].

Schekman, [[Thomas C. Südhof]], and [[James Rothman]] were awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries of machinery regulating [[Vesicle (biology and chemistry)|vesicle]] traffic, a major transport system in our cells".<ref name="nobel">{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2013/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013|publisher=Nobel Foundation|access-date=October 7, 2013}}</ref> Schekman "has already said he will donatedonated his share of the prize money, $400,000, to create an endowment for the Esther and Wendy Schekman Chair in Basic Cancer Biology at UC Berkeley. Schekman's mother and sister, for whom the post is named, both died of cancer."<ref>{{cite webnews |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/ac4302da-421b-11e3-bb85-00144feabdc0.html |title=US biologist Randy Schekman on being a Nobel Prize winner|publishernewspaper=Financial Times|date=November 8, 2013 |access-date=January 10, 2014}}</ref>

In July 2014, he was awarded with the Shechtman International Leadership Award at SIPS 2014/Shechtman International Symposium in Cancun, Mexico, for his remarkable contributions to scientific innovation in academia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Prof. Randy Shekman is awarded with Shechtman International Leadership Award in Cancun, Mexico|url=http://www.flogen.org/awards.php?spage=1&sp=3&sp2=Randy_Schekman_SIPS2014|website=www.flogen.org|publisher=FLOGEN Star OUTREACH|access-date=19 February 2018|language=en}}</ref> In 2017, Schekman received the Golden Plate Award of the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#science-exploration}}</ref>

In December 2013, Schekman called for [[academic journal publishing reform]] and [[open access]] science publication by announcing that his lab at the University of California, Berkeley would no longer submit to the prestigious closed-access journals ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'', ''[[Cell (journal)|Cell]]'', and ''[[Science (journal)|Science]]'', citing their self-serving and deleterious effects on science.<ref name="9Dec2013Sample">{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/dec/09/nobel-winner-boycott-science-journals |title=Nobel winner declares boycott of top science journals |first=Ian |last=Sample |work=theguardian.com |date=9 December 2013 |access-date=16 December 2013}}</ref> He has criticized these journals for artificially restricting the number of publications accepted to drive up demand.<ref name="9Dec2013Sample"/> In addition, Schekman says the journals accept papers that will be cited often, increasing the prestige of the journal, rather than those which demonstrate important results.<ref name="9Dec2013Sample"/> Schekman has said the prestige and difficulty of publishing in these journals sometimes cause scientists to cut corners or pursue trends, rather than conduct research on important questions. Schekman is the former editor of ''[[eLife]]'', an [[open access journal]] and competitor to ''Nature'', ''Cell'', and ''Science''.<ref name="9Dec2013Sample"/> Papers are accepted into ''eLife'' based on review by working scientists, similar to ''Nature, Cell'', and ''Science''.<ref name="9Dec2013Sample"/> Access to accepted papers is free.<ref name="9Dec2013Sample"/>

{{succession box | title=[[eLife]] editor-in-chief | | years=2012–present2012–2019 | after = —[[Michael Eisen]] | before = — }}