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{{Short description|Spanish Jesuit and theologian (born 1938)}}
{{Infobox person
| pre-nominals = [[The Reverend]]
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| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name above -->
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1938|12|27|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Barcelona]], [[Second Spanish Republic|Spain]]
| death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) -->
| death_place =
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| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors =
| influences = {{hlist | [[Ignacio Ellacuría]] | [[Karl Marx]]<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Erichsen |first=Ola Bakken |year=2013 |title=Jon Sobrinos korsteologiske konstruksjon
| era =
| discipline = [[Theology]]
| sub_discipline = [[Christology]]
| workplaces = [[Central American University (San Salvador)|Central American University]]
| doctoral_students = <!--only those with WP articles-->
| notable_students = <!--only those with WP articles-->
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| signature_alt =
}}
'''Jon Sobrino''' {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Society of Jesus|SJ]]}} (born 27 December 1938) is a Spanish [[Jesuit]] [[Catholic
==Life==
Born 27 December 1938 into a [[Basque people|Basque]] family in Barcelona, Sobrino entered the [[Society of Jesus]] when he was 18. The following year, in 1958, he was sent to [[El Salvador]]. He later studied engineering at [[Saint Louis University]], an American Jesuit university, and then theology at [[Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology]] in [[Frankfurt]] in [[West Germany]] for his Doctor of Theology (Dr.theol.) degree. Returning to [[El Salvador]], he taught at the Jesuit-run [[Universidad Centroamericana "José Simeón Cañas"|University of Central America (UCA)]] in [[San Salvador]], which he helped to found.
On 16 November 1989 he narrowly escaped the [[Murder of UCA scholars|murder of the UCA scholars]] by the Atlacatl Battalion, an elite unit of the Salvadoran Army. By a coincidence, he was away from El Salvador when members of the military broke into the rectory at the UCA and brutally murdered his six fellow Jesuits, [[Ignacio Ellacuría]], [[Segundo Montes]], Juan Ramón Moreno, [[Ignacio Martín-Baró]], Amando López, and Joaquín López y López,
Investigated by the Vatican throughout his career as a professor of theology, he has remained an outspoken proponent of peace, joining protests in 2008 of the continued training of Latin American military officers in torture techniques at the [[School of the Americas]] at [[Fort Benning]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web | author = John Dear | url=http://ncronline.org/blogs/road-peace/jon-sobrino-soa-protest | title =With Jon Sobrino at the SOA Protest | work =NCROnline |
==Works==
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According to the Notification, Sobrino's erroneous propositions concerned: "1) the methodological presuppositions on which the Author bases his theological reflection, 2) the Divinity of Jesus Christ, 3) the Incarnation of the Son of God, 4) the relationship between Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God, 5) the Self-consciousness of Jesus, and 6) the salvific value of his Death."<ref name=":1" />
At the root of what the Vatican saw as Sobrino's error is his affirmation that "the '
Contrary to criticisms that the Vatican acted without due consultation and unfairly, the Vatican says that a Notification is made after notifying the author of the statements that are seen to be problematic and after awaiting a reply from the author who is given 3 months whereby to respond.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194442/http://212.77.1.245/news_services/bulletin/news/19857.php?index=19857&lang=po#TRADUZIONE%20IN%20LINGUA%20%20INGLESE Holy See - Vatican City State]</ref>
Retired professor of theology [[Peter Hünermann]] (then [[Tübingen]], [[Germany]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fsspx.news/en/news-events/news/liberation-theologian-barred-teaching-and-publishing-21575|title=Liberation Theologian Barred from Teaching and Publishings|website=fsspx.news|language=en|access-date=16 December 2017}}</ref> declared in April 2007 that the Vatican notification was a "shock" for all theologians, because along with Sobrino "the most distinguished exegetes and systematic theologians – both Catholic and Protestant – stood in the dock".<ref>{{cite journal |first=Peter |last=Hünermann |url=http://www.khg-oldenburg.de/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=32&Itemid=42 |title=Moderne Qualitätssicherung? Der Fall Jon Sobrino ist eine Anfrage an die Arbeit der Glaubenskongregation |journal=Herder-Korrespondenz |volume=61 |date=2007 |issue=4 |pages=
Sobrino's work was reviewed by a number of theologians, including {{ill|Bernard Sesboüé|fr}}, {{ill|José Ignacio González Faus|es}}, [[Javier Vitoria]], Carlo Palacio of [[Belo Horizonte]], and Martin Maier, editor of the German Jesuit periodical ''[[Stimmen der Zeit]]''. These theologians found no doctrinal errors in Sobrino's works. It is not apparent that their findings have been considered by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.<ref name="Pope 2015 p. 237">{{cite book | last=Pope | first=Stephen J. | title=Hope and Solidarity: Jon Sobrino's Challenge to Christian Theology | publisher=Orbis Books | year=2015 | isbn=978-1-60833-276-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0CnOBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT237 | page=237}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Allen |first=John L.
==References==
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{{Commons}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{cite book |author=Internacional Theological Commission of EATWOT |date=15 August 2007 |url=http://www.servicioskoinonia.org/LibrosDigitales/index.php |title=Getting the Poor Down From the Cross: Christology of Liberation |publisher=International Theological Commission of the Ecumenical Association of Third World Theologians EATWOT/ASETT |isbn=978-9962-00-232-1 }} An anthology written in response to the notification.▼
▲* {{cite book |author=Internacional Theological Commission of EATWOT |date=15 August 2007 |url=http://www.servicioskoinonia.org/LibrosDigitales/index.php |title=Getting the Poor Down From the Cross: Christology of Liberation |isbn=978-9962-00-232-1 }} An anthology written in response to the notification.
* {{cite news |first=Tracy |last=Wilkinson |title=Vatican to Punish Priest, Sources Say |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-sobrino14mar14,1,1601917.story?coll=la-headlines-world |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=14 March 2007 }}
* {{cite news |date=14 March 2007 |title=Pope warns liberation theologian |work=BBC News |department=Europe |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6451575.stm }}
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[[Category:Spanish Roman Catholic missionaries]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish Roman Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Central American University
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