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| body =
| native_name = {{Lang|tr|Ana Muhalefet Lideri}}
| insignia =
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| insigniacaption = Logo of the largest opposition party
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| image = Özgür Özel, September 17 2023 (cropped).jpg
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{{Politics of Turkey}}
This article lists the individuals to have served as [[Leader of the Opposition|'''Main Opposition Leader''']] of [[Turkey]], since the inception of the [[History of the Republic of Turkey|republican period]] in 1923. The
Except for two brief periods (1924–25 and 1930), there were no opposition leaders in the [[One-party period of the Republic of Turkey|one-party period]]. Furthermore, there were no opposition leaders during the periods of [[military dictatorship]]s in the [[Multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey|multi-party period]] ([[National Unity Committee|1960–61]] and [[National Security Council (Turkey, 1980)|1980–83]]).<ref>Türkiye’nin 75 yılı, Tempo, ;İstanbul, 1998</ref><ref>[http://www.basbakanlik.gov.tr/Forms/pCabinets.aspx Official page of prime minister] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515000801/http://www.basbakanlik.gov.tr/Forms/pCabinets.aspx |date=2013-05-15 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.tbmm.gov.tr/hukumetler/HB52.htm Official page of the parliament]</ref>
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! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Party
! colspan=3 | Term of office
! rowspan=2 |
|-
! Took office
Line 71:
|-
! 1
| [[File:Musa Kâzım Karabekir.jpg|
| [[Kâzım Karabekir]]<br />{{small|(1882–1948)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Progressive Republican Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Progressive Republican Party (Turkey)|Progressive Republican Party]]<br />(TCF)
| 17 October 1924 || 3 June 1925
| {{Age in years and days|1924|10|17|1925|6|3}}
| [[İsmet İnönü]]<br />[[Fethi Okyar]]
|-
! colspan="9" |Office vacant (3 June 1925 – 12 August 1930)
|-
! 2
| [[File:Ali fethi okyar prr.jpg|
| [[Fethi Okyar]]<br />{{small|(1880–1943)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Liberal Republican Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Liberal Republican Party (Turkey)|Liberal Republican Party]]<br />(SCF)
| 12 August 1930 || 17 November 1930
| {{ayd|1930|8|12|1930|11|17}}
| [[İsmet İnönü]]
|-
! colspan="9" |Office vacant (17 November 1930 – 7 January 1946)
|-
! 3
| [[File:Mahmut Celâl Bayar.jpg|
| [[Celâl Bayar]]<br />{{small|(1883–1986)}}
! style="background:
| [[Democrat Party (Turkey, historical)|Democrat Party]]<br />(DP)
| 7 January 1946 || 14 May 1950
|
| [[Şükrü Saracoğlu]]<br />[[Recep Peker]]<br />[[Hasan Saka]]<br />[[Şemsettin Günaltay]]
|-
! 4
| [[File:Inonu Ismet.jpg|
| [[İsmet İnönü]]<br />{{small|(1884–1973)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br />(CHP)
| 22 May 1950 || 27 May 1960
|
| [[Adnan Menderes]]
|-
! colspan="9" |Office vacant (27 May 1960 – 20 November 1961)
|-
! 5
| [[File:President John F. Kennedy with Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey, Ekrem Alican (cropped).jpg|
| [[Ekrem Alican]]<br />{{small|(1916–2000)}}
! style="background:Indigo" |
| [[New Turkey Party (1961)|New Turkey Party]]<br />(YTP)
| 20 November 1961 || 25 June 1962
| {{ayd|1961|11|20|1962|6|25}}
| [[İsmet İnönü]]
|-
! 6
| [[File:No image.png|80px]]
| [[Ragıp Gümüşpala]]<br />{{small|(1897–1964)}}
! style="background:
| [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]]<br />(AP)
| 25 June 1962 || 6 June 1964
| {{ayd|1962|6
| [[İsmet İnönü]]
|-
! 7
| [[File:Demirel 1962 cropped.jpg|
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]<br />{{small|(1924–2015)}}
! style="background:
| [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]]<br />(AP)
| 6 June 1964 || 20 February 1965
|
| [[İsmet İnönü]]
|-
! 8<br>{{small|(4)}}
| [[File:Inonu Ismet.jpg|
| [[İsmet İnönü]]<br />{{small|(1884–1973)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br />(CHP)
| 20 February 1965 || 26 March 1971
| {{ayd|1965|2|20|1971|3|26}}
| [[Suat Hayri Ürgüplü]]<br />[[Süleyman Demirel]]
|-
! 9<br>{{small|(7)}}
| [[File:Demirel 1976 cropped.jpg|
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]<br />{{small|(1924–2015)}}
! style="background: {{party color|Justice Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]]<br />(AP)
| 26 January 1974 || 17 November 1974
| {{ayd|1974|1|26|1974|11|17}}
| [[Bülent Ecevit]]
|-
! 10
| [[File:Bülent Ecevit Cropped.jpg|
| [[Bülent Ecevit]]<br />{{small|(1925–2006)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br/>(CHP)
| 31 March 1975 || 21 June 1977
|
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]
|-
! 11<br>{{small|(7)}}
| [[File:Demirel 1976 cropped.jpg|
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]<br />{{small|(1924–2015)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Justice Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]]<br />(AP)
| 21 June 1977 || 21 July 1977
| {{ayd|1977|6|21
| [[Bülent Ecevit]]
|-
! 12<br>{{small|(10)}}
| [[File:Bülent Ecevit Cropped.jpg|
| [[Bülent Ecevit]]<br />{{small|(1925–2006)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br />(CHP)
| 21 July 1977 || 5 January 1978
|
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]
|-
! 13<br>{{small|(7)}}
| [[File:Demirel 1976 cropped.jpg|
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]<br />{{small|(1924–2015)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Justice Party (Turkey)}}
| [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]]<br />(AP)
| 5 January 1978 || 12 November 1979
|
| [[Bülent Ecevit]]
|-
! 14<br>{{small|(10)}}
| [[File:Bülent Ecevit Cropped.jpg|
| [[Bülent Ecevit]]<br />{{small|(1925–2006)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br />(CHP)
| 12 November 1979 || 12 September 1980
| {{ayd|1979|11|12|1980|9|12}}
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]
|-
! colspan="9" |Office vacant (12 September 1980 – 13 December 1983)
|-
! 15
| [[File:No image.png|
| [[Necdet Calp]]<br />{{small|(1922–1998)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Populist Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Populist Party (Turkey)|Populist Party]]<br />(HP)
| 13 December 1983 || 27 June 1985
| {{ayd|1983|12|13|1985|6|27}}
| [[Turgut Özal]]
|-
! rowspan="2" | 16
| rowspan="2" | [[
! style="background:{{party color|Populist Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Populist Party (Turkey)|Populist Party]]<br />(HP)
| 27 June 1985 || ''3 November 1985''
| rowspan="2" | {{ayd|1985|6|27|1986|5|30}}
| rowspan="2" |
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)}}" |
| rowspan="2" | [[Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)|Social Democrat Populist Party]]<br />(SHP)
| ''3 November 1985'' || 30 May 1986
|-
! 17
| [[File:Erdal İnönü (1941) (cropped).jpg|
| [[Erdal İnönü]]<br />{{small|(1926–2007)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)}}" |
| 30 May 1986 || 20 November 1991
| {{ayd|1986|5|30|1991|11|20}}
| [[Turgut Özal]]<br />[[Yıldırım Akbulut]]<br />[[Mesut Yılmaz]]
|-
! 18
| [[File:Mesut Yilmaz as Turkish Prime Minister.jpg|
| [[Mesut Yılmaz]]<br />{{small|(1947–2020)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Motherland Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Motherland Party (Turkey)|Motherland Party]]<br />(ANAP)
| 21 November 1991 || 6 March 1996
|
| [[Süleyman Demirel]]<br />[[Tansu Çiller]]
|-
! 19
| [[File:Necmettin Erbakan.jpg|
| [[Necmettin Erbakan]]<br />{{small|(1926–2011)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Welfare Party}}
| [[Welfare Party]]<br />(RP)
| 6 March 1996 || 28 June 1996
| {{ayd|1996|3|6|1996|6|28}}
| [[Mesut Yılmaz]]
|-
! 20<br>{{small|(18)}}
| [[File:Mesut Yilmaz as Turkish Prime Minister.jpg|
| [[Mesut Yılmaz]]<br />{{small|(1947–2020)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Motherland Party (Turkey)}}" |
| [[Motherland Party (Turkey)|Motherland Party]]<br />(ANAP)
| 28 June 1996 || 30 June 1997
|
| [[Necmettin Erbakan]]
|-
! 21<br>{{small|(19)}}
| [[File:Necmettin Erbakan.jpg|
| [[Necmettin Erbakan]]<br />{{small|(1926–2011)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Welfare Party}}
| [[Welfare Party]]<br />(RP)
| 30 June 1997 || 17 December 1997
| {{ayd|1997|6|30|1997|12|17}}
| [[Mesut Yılmaz]]
|-
! 22
| [[File:No image.png|
| [[İsmail Alptekin]]<br />{{small|(born 1943)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Virtue Party}}
| [[Virtue Party]]<br />(FP)
| 17 December 1997 || 14 May 1998
| {{ayd|1997|12|17|1998|5|14}}
| [[Mesut Yılmaz]]
|-
! 23
| [[File:Recai Kutan 2009 crop.jpg|
| [[Recai Kutan]]<br />{{small|(born 1930)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Virtue Party}}
| [[Virtue Party]]<br />(FP)
| 14 May 1998 || 22 June 2001
|
| [[Mesut Yılmaz]]<br />[[Bülent Ecevit]]
|-
! 24
| [[File:Turkish prime minister Tansu Çiller in Brussels.jpg|
| [[Tansu Çiller]]<br />{{small|(born 1946)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Democratic Party (Turkey, current)}}" |
| [[Democratic Party (Turkey, current)|True Path Party]]<br />(DYP)
| 22 June 2001 || 19 November 2002
| {{ayd|2001|6|22|2002|11|19}}
| [[Bülent Ecevit]]
|-
! 25
| [[File:Deniz Baykal headshot.jpg|
| [[Deniz Baykal]]<br />{{small|(1938–2023)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br />(CHP)
| 19 November 2002 || 22 May 2010
| {{ayd|2002|11|19|2010|5|22}}
| [[Abdullah Gül]]<br />[[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]
|-
! 26
| [[File:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu in March 2023 (cropped).png|80px]]
| [[Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu]]<br />{{small|(born 1948)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br />(CHP)
| 22 May 2010 || 5 November 2023
| {{ayd|2010|5|22|2023|11|5}}
| [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]<br />[[Ahmet Davutoğlu]]<br />[[Binali Yıldırım]]
|-
! 27
| [[File:Özgür Özel, September 17 2023 (cropped).jpg|80px]]
| [[Özgür Özel]]<br />{{small|(born 1974)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}}" |
| [[Republican People's Party]]<br />(CHP)
| 5 November 2023 || Incumbent
| {{ayd|2023|11|05}}
| [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]
|}
==Timeline==
{{#tag:timeline|
ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:14
PlotArea = top:10 bottom:90 right:130 left:20
AlignBars = late
Colors =
id:TCF value:rgb(0.941,0,0.11) legend:Progressive_Republican_Party
id:SCF value:rgb(0.204,0.541,0.788) legend:Liberal_Republican_Party
id:DP value:rgb(0.827,0.376,0.737) legend:Democrat_Party
id:CHP value:rgb(0.929,0.11,0.141) legend:Republican_People's_Party
id:YTP value:rgb(0.294,0,0.51) legend:New_Turkey_Party
id:AP value:rgb(0.827,0.376,0.737) legend:Justice_Party
id:HP value:rgb(0.631,0,0) legend:Populist_Party
id:SHP value:rgb(0.767,0,0) legend:Social_Democrat_Populist_Party
id:ANAP value:rgb(1,0.827,0) legend:Motherland_Party
id:RP value:rgb(1,0.18,0.518) legend:Welfare_Party_→_Virtue_Party
id:DYP value:rgb(0.851,0.459,0.773) legend:True_Path_Party
Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:01/10/1924 till:31/12/{{#time:Y}}
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1925
ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1925
Legend = columns:1 left:110 top:60 columnwidth:200
TextData =
pos:(20,65) textcolor:black fontsize:M
text:"Legend:"
BarData =
bar:Karabekir
bar:Okyar
bar:Bayar
bar:İnönü
bar:Alican
bar:Gümüşpala
bar:Demirel
bar:Ecevit
bar:Calp
bar:Gürkan
bar:Eİnönü
bar:Yılmaz
bar:Erbakan
bar:Alptekin
bar:Kutan
bar:Çiller
bar:Baykal
bar:Kılıçdaroğlu
bar:Özel
PlotData=
width:5 align:left fontsize:8 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
bar:Karabekir
from: 17/10/1924 till: 03/06/1925 color:TCF text:"[[Kâzım Karabekir]]"
bar:Okyar
from: 12/08/1930 till: 17/11/1930 color:SCF text:"[[Fethi Okyar]]"
bar:Bayar
from: 07/01/1946 till: 14/05/1950 color:DP text:"[[Celâl Bayar]]"
bar:İnönü
from: 22/05/1950 till: 27/05/1960 color:CHP
from: 20/02/1965 till: 26/03/1971 color:CHP text:"[[İsmet İnönü]]"
bar:Alican
from: 20/11/1961 till: 25/06/1962 color:YTP text:"[[Ekrem Alican]]"
bar:Gümüşpala
from: 25/06/1962 till: 06/06/1964 color:AP text:"[[Ragıp Gümüşpala]]"
bar:Demirel
from: 06/06/1964 till: 20/02/1965 color:AP
from: 26/01/1974 till: 17/11/1974 color:AP
from: 21/06/1977 till: 21/07/1977 color:AP
from: 05/01/1978 till: 12/11/1979 color:AP text:"[[Süleyman Demirel]]"
bar:Ecevit
from: 31/03/1975 till: 21/06/1977 color:CHP
from: 21/07/1977 till: 05/01/1978 color:CHP
from: 12/11/1979 till: 12/09/1980 color:CHP text:"[[Bülent Ecevit]]"
bar:Calp
from: 13/12/1983 till: 27/06/1985 color:HP text:"[[Necdet Calp]]"
bar:Gürkan
from: 27/06/1985 till: 03/11/1985 color:HP
from: 03/11/1985 till: 30/05/1986 color:SHP text:"[[Aydın Güven Gürkan]]"
bar:Eİnönü
from: 30/05/1986 till: 20/11/1991 color:SHP text:"[[Erdal İnönü]]"
bar:Yılmaz
from: 21/11/1991 till: 06/03/1996 color:ANAP
from: 28/06/1996 till: 20/06/1997 color:ANAP text:"[[Mesut Yılmaz]]"
bar:Erbakan
from: 06/03/1996 till: 28/06/1996 color:RP
from: 30/06/1997 till: 17/12/1997 color:RP text:"[[Necmettin Erbakan]]"
bar:Alptekin
from: 17/12/1997 till: 14/05/1998 color:RP text:"[[İsmail Alptekin]]"
bar:Kutan
from: 14/05/1998 till: 22/06/2001 color:RP text:"[[Recai Kutan]]"
bar:Çiller
from: 22/06/2001 till: 19/11/2002 color:DYP text:"[[Tansu Çiller]]"
bar:Baykal
from: 19/11/2002 till: 22/05/2010 color:CHP text:"[[Deniz Baykal]]"
bar:Kılıçdaroğlu
from: 22/05/2010 till: 05/11/2023 color:CHP text:"[[Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu]]"
bar:Özel
from: 05/11/2023 till: $today color:CHP text:"[[Özgür Özel]]"
}}
==See also==
Line 350 ⟶ 446:
[[Category:Lists of Turkish politicians|Opposition leaders]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition (Turkey)|*Main]]
[[Category:Lists of
|