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In 1931, in the introduction of ''Mohenjo-daro and the Indus Civilization'', London: Arthur Probsthain, 1931, Sir John Marshall wrote, "Three other scholars whose names I cannot pass over in silence, are the late Mr. R. D. Banerji, to whom belongs the credit of having discovered, if not Mohenjo-daro itself, at any rate its high antiquity, and his immediate successors in the task of excavation, Messrs. [[Madho Sarup Vats|M.S. Vats]] and [[Kashinath Narayan Dikshit|K.N. Dikshit]]. ... no one probably except myself can fully appreciate the difficulties and hardships which they had to face in the three first seasons at Mohenjo-daro."
==Early life
Bandyopadhyay was born on 12 April 1885<ref name=e/><ref name=g>{{cite web|url=https://www.lindahall.org/r-d-banerji/|title=Scientist of the Day - R. D. Banerji|date=12 April 2017|access-date=20 Oct 2020|archive-date=20 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020133957/https://www.lindahall.org/r-d-banerji/|url-status=live}}</ref> in [[Baharampur|Berhampore]] of [[Murshidabad District]], in present-day [[Indian States|Indian state]] of [[West Bengal]]
Soon, he married Kanchanmala (1891–1931), the daughter of Narendranath Mukhopadhyay. He passed his F.A. examination in 1903 and graduated from the [[Presidency University, Kolkata|Presidency College]] with Honours in History in 1907. He obtained his M.A. in history from the [[University of Calcutta|Calcutta University]] in 1911.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.caluniv.ac.in/about/Teacher.html |title=Distinguished-Teachers |website=www.caluniv.ac.in |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924132706/http://www.caluniv.ac.in/about/Teacher.html |archive-date=2014-09-24}} </ref>
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He was the first to study the [[Bengali language|proto-Bangla script]], the original form of Bangla script. He wrote the classic historical works on medieval [[Indian coinage|Indian coins]], and the standard works on the [[iconography]] of Indian art, in particular [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] sculpture and architecture. His best known work was ''Eastern Indian Medieval School of Sculpture,'' published posthumously in 1933.{{cn|date=August 2022}}
==
Bandyopadhyay is known for unearthing pre-Buddhist artifacts at the ruins at [[Mohenjo-Daro]] and for noting similarities between the site at Mohenjo-Daro and Harrappa. Those discoveries led to excavations at the two sites that established the existence of the then-unknown [[Bronze Age]] [[Indus Valley civilisation]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Humes|first=Cynthia Ann|title=Hindutva, Mythistory, ; Pseudoarchaeology|journal=Numen: International Review for the History of Religions|volume=59|year=2012|issue=2–3|jstor= 23244958|pages=178–201|doi=10.1163/156852712x630770}}</ref>
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His last novel, ''Lutf-Ulla'', is set in Delhi at the time of the invasion by [[Nadir Shah]]. Another work, ''Hemkana'' (uncompleted), was published in ''[[Prabasi]]'' (magazine) from 1911 to 1912.<ref>Sen, Sukumar (1999). ''Bangala Sahityer Itihas'', vol V, Kolkata: Ananda Publishers; {{ISBN|81-7215-950-1}}, pp. 210–11</ref> A number of his novels were translated into other Indian languages.
*''The origin of the Bengali Script''
*''Baanglaar Itihaash'' (''The History of Bengal'') (1914 and 1917) - 2 volumes
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*''Bas Reliefs of Badami'' (1928)
*''History of Orissa from the Earliest Times to the British Period'' (1930 and 1931) - 2 volumes
*''The Haihayas of Tripuri and their Monuments'' (1931)
*''The Age of the Imperial Guptas'' (1933)
*''Dhrubo''
*''Hemkana'' (uncompleted) - published in ''[[Prabasi]]'' magazine (1911-12)
*''Pashaner Katha'' (1914)
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*''Asim'' (1924)
*''Anukram'' (1931)
*''Luttfullaah''
==Legacy==
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