Clione limacina: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|Species of gastropod}}

{{Speciesbox

| taxon = Clione limacina

| authority = ([[Constantine Phipps, 2nd Baron Mulgrave|Phipps]], 1774) <ref>Phipps, C.J., 1774. ''A voyage towards the North Pole undertaken by His Majesty's Command 1773'' : i–viii, 1–253</ref>

== Distribution ==

''Clione limacina'' is found in cold waters of the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean, ranging south at least to the [[Sargasso Sea]].<ref>Mileikovsky S.A. (1970) Breeding and larval distribution of the pteropod ''Clione limacina'' in the North Atlantic, Subarctic and North Pacific Oceans. ''Marine Biology'' 6(4): 317–334.</ref><ref name=Yamazaki2017>{{cite journal | last1 = Yamazaki | first1 = Tomoyasu | last2 = Kuwahara | first2 = Takashi | year = 2017 | title = A new species of Clione distinguished from sympatric C. limacina (Gastropoda: Gymnosomata) in the southern Okhotsk Sea, Japan, with remarks on the taxonomy of the genus | journal = Journal of Molluscan Studies | volume = 83 | issue = 1 | pages = 19–26 | issn=0260-1230 | doi=10.1093/mollus/eyw032| doi-access = free }}</ref> There are three other species in the genus, which formerly were included in ''C. limacina'' (either as subspecies, variants or subpopulations). These are ''[[Clione elegantissima|C. elegantissima]]'' of the cold North Pacific (at least north to the [[Gulf of Alaska]]; the [[Beaufort Sea]] is inhabited by ''C. limacina''), ''[[Clione okhotensis|C. okhotensis]]'' of the [[Okhotsk Sea]] (where it overlaps with ''C. elegantissima''), and ''[[Clione antarctica|C. antarctica]]'' of Antarctic waters.<ref name=Yamazaki2017/>

 

== Description ==

There are two [[subspecies]] that differentiate in body length.<ref name="Böer 2005"/> The northern subspecies lives in colder water, matures at {{convert|3|cm|in|abbr=on}} and can reach a size of {{convert|7|-|8.5|cm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Böer 2005"/><ref name=Kallevik>Kallevik, I.H.F. (2013). ''[http://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/5858/thesis.pdf Alternative prey choice in the pteropod ''Clione limacina'' (Gastropoda) studied by DNA-based methods.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023256/http://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/5858/thesis.pdf |date=2016-03-04 }}'' Biology Field of study - Arctic Marine Ecology and Resource Biology. Bio-3950 (60 ECT). The University Center in Svalbard.</ref> This makes it by far the largest [[sea angel]].<ref name=Yamazaki2017/> In comparison, the size of the southern subspecies is {{convert|1.2|cm|in|abbr=on|1}},<ref name="Böer 2005"/> ''C. elegantissima'' is up to {{convert|3|cm|in|abbr=on}}, ''C. okhotensis'' up to {{convert|0.8|cm|in|abbr=on|1}},<ref name=Yamazaki2017/> and ''C. antarctica'' up to {{convert|3|cm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name=McClintock1997>{{cite book | editor1=McClintock, J.B. | editor2=B.J. Baker | year=1997 | title=Marine Chemical Ecology | url=https://archive.org/details/marinechemicalec00mccl | url-access=limited | publisher=CRC Press | page=[https://archive.org/details/marinechemicalec00mccl/page/n227 215] | isbn=0-8493-9064-8 }}</ref>

 

 

== Ecology ==

 

== Cultural significance ==

 

==References==