Lima: Difference between revisions

| nickname = ''Ciudad de los Reyes'' (City of the Kings) <br /> ''La Tres Veces Coronada Villa'' (The Three Times Crowned Ville) <br /> ''La Perla del Pacífico'' (The Pearl of the Pacific)

| motto = ''Hoc Signum Vere Regum Est'' ([[Latin language|Latin]])<br />"This is the real sign of the [[Biblical Magi|Kings]]")

| coordinates = {{coord|12|03|36|S|77|02|15|W|type:city_region:PE-LMA|display=it}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| demographics1_title2 = Total

| demographics1_info2 = $210.4&nbsp;billion<ref name="TelluBase">{{cite web|url=https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_per.pdf|publisher=Tellusant|title=TelluBase—Peru Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)| access-date = 2024-01-11}}</ref>

| postal_code_type = [[UBIGEO]]

| postal_code = 15000

| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbering plan|Area code]]

| area_code = 1

| designation1 = WHS

| designation1_offname = [[Historic Centre of Lima]]

}}

 

 

The 2023 census projection indicates that the city of Lima has an estimated population of 10,092,000 inhabitants, making it the most populated city in the country, and the second most populous in the Americas after São Paulo.<ref name="inei20p33">{{harvnb|INEI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática)|2023|p=23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/America.html|title=America: Population Statistics in Maps and Charts for Cities, Agglomerations and Administrative Divisions of all Countries in America|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> Together with the seaside city of [[Callao]], it forms a contiguous urban area known as the [[Lima Metropolitan Area]], which encompasses a total of 10,151,200 inhabitants.<ref name="inei20p33"/><ref group="note">This includes the 43 districts of the Lima province</ref> When considering the constitutional province of [[Callao]], the total agglomeration reaches a population of 11,342,100 inhabitants, one of the [[List of urban areas by population|thirty most populated urban agglomerations in the world]].

During the time of the Incas, the valley of Lima was highly populated and organized into an Inca province, or huamani (wamani), called Pachacamac. The colonial Spanish historian [[Bernabé Cobo]] mentions that the huamani of Pachacamac was subdivided into three hunu of tributary men, rather than the conventional four hunu. It has also been argued that a fourth hunu may have existed but was not recorded.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Díaz |first1=Luisa |last2=Vallejo |first2=Francisco |date=2002-04-09 |title=Armatambo y el dominio incaico en el valle de Lima |url=https://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/boletindearqueologia/article/view/1856 |journal=Boletín de Arqueología PUCP |issue=6 |pages=355–374 |doi=10.18800/boletindearqueologiapucp.200201.014 |issn=2304-4292}}</ref> The primary meaning of the word hunu in Quechua is 10,000, leading to the assumption that 30,000 families lived in the valley. This assumption has been criticized, including by the historian Åke Wedin, because hunu can also mean countless, and therefore could simply refer to a very large group of men. The scholar [[John Howland Rowe|John Rowe]] suggested that the valley had a population of about 150,000 during Inca times.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gonzáles |first=César W. Astuhuamán |date=2011-01-01 |title=The concept of Inca province at Tawantinsuyu |url=https://journals.iai.spk-berlin.de/index.php/indiana/article/view/2002 |journal=INDIANA - Estudios Antropológicos sobre América Latina y el Caribe |language=en |volume=28 |pages=79–107 |doi=10.18441/ind.v28i0.79-107 |issn=2365-2225}}</ref>

 

 

Regarding the pre-Hispanic settlement of Lima, it is recorded that this part of the valley, near the Rimac river, was administered by a curaca, or local lord, named Taulichusco. He was a former [[Yanakuna|yana]], or servant, of Mama Vilo, one of the wives of Emperor Huayna Capac. Lima was awarded to Taulichusco in recognition of his services to the Inca royalty. Some of Peru's most important buildings were erected on the sites of major constructions of the pre-Hispanic settlement. For example, the residential palace of Taulichusco was located where the modern [[Palacio de Gobierno]] of Peru stands today. A temple called Puma Inti once occupied the site where the [[Cathedral of Lima]] is now, and the [[Teatro Municipal de Lima|Municipal Theatre of Lima]] is situated where a pre-Columbian structure, referred to as Huaca El Cabildo by the Spaniards, once stood. These buildings were centered around a plaza, which was later expanded to become the [[Plaza Mayor de Lima|Plaza Mayor]]. The Huaca de Aliaga and Huaca Riquelme were other major buildings near the plaza. Other nearby constructions included the temple-oracle of Rímac, one of the main places of worship in the valley, also known as the so-called "huaca grande" that once stood in [[Barrios Altos]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Guzmán-García |first=Carlos Enrique |date=2012-01-01 |title=REDESCUBRIENDO LIMA INCA, Carlos Enrique Guzmán (2012) |url=https://www.academia.edu/50845131 |journal=Arquivisión}}</ref>

| Nov high C = 21.2

| Dec high C = 23.1

| Jan mean C = 23.0

| Feb mean C = 24.1

| Nov low C = 16.7

| Dec low C = 18.4

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 0.6

 

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==Demographics==

 

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