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Correct caption for direction of twining diagram. Add comment about Flanders and Swann lyrics. Replace French bean (which twines right-handed, not left) with black bryony, which does twine left-handed. |
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One odd group of vining plants is the fern genus ''Lygodium'', called [[climbing fern]]s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Japanese climbing fern|url=https://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/plant-directory/lygodium-japonicum/|publisher=Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants|access-date=6 March 2023}}</ref> The stem does not climb, but rather the fronds (leaves) do. The fronds unroll from the tip, and theoretically never stop growing; they can form thickets as they unroll over other plants, rockfaces, and fences.
[[File:Helix diagram-de.png|left|200px|thumb|'''L''': A left-handed bine grows in
{{br}}'''R''': A right-handed bine grows in
===Twining vines===
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A twining vine, also known as a '''bine''', is one that climbs by its shoots growing in a [[helix]], in contrast to vines that climb using [[tendril]]s or suckers. Many bines have rough stems or downward-pointing bristles to aid their grip. [[Humulus|Hops]] (used in flavoring beer) are a commercially important example of a bine.<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bine ''bine''] at [[Merriam-Webster]]</ref><ref>[http://www.wweek.com/portland/article-25406-cone-heads.html Cone Heads] at ''[[Willamette Week]]''</ref>
The direction of rotation of the shoot tip during climbing is autonomous and does not (as sometimes imagined) derive from the shoot's following the sun around the sky – the direction of twist does not therefore depend upon which side of the [[equator]] the plant is growing on. This is shown by the fact that some bines always twine [[clockwise]], including runner bean (''[[Phaseolus coccineus]]'') and bindweed (''[[Convolvulus]]'' species), while others twine anticlockwise, including
== Horticultural climbing plants ==
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