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[[File:Portrait of Simón Bolívar by Arturo Michelena.jpg|thumb|right|upright|alt=Portrait of Bolívar by Arturo Michelena|Portrait of Bolívar by [[Arturo Michelena]], 1895]]
Bolívar arrived in [[Kingston, Jamaica]], on 14 May 1815 and,{{sfnm|1a1=Slatta|1a2=de Grummond|1y=2003|1p=116|Lynch|2006|2p=90}} as in his earlier exile on Curaçao, ruminated on the fall of the Venezuelan and New Granadan republics. He wrote extensively, requesting assistance from Britain and corresponding with merchants based in the Caribbean. This culminated in September 1815 with the [[Jamaica Letter]], in which Bolívar again laid out his ideology and vision of the future of the Americas.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1pp=184–185, 190|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2pp=124–127|Lynch|2006|3pp=92, 95|Langley|2009|4pp=55–57|Arana|2013|5pp=174–176}} On 9 December, the Venezuelan pirate [[Renato Beluche]] brought Bolívar news from New Granada and asked him to join the Republican community in exile in [[Haiti]].{{sfn|Slatta|de Grummond|2003|pp=128–129}} Bolívar tentatively accepted and escaped assassination that night when his manservant mistakenly killed his [[paymaster]] as part of a Spanish plot.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=183|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2p=129|Lynch|2006|3pp=96–97|Arana|2013|4p=177}} He left Jamaica eight days later aboard a ship commaded by V,{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=191|Lynch|2006|2p=97|Arana|2013|3pp=177–178}} arrived in [[Les Cayes]] on 24 December,{{sfnm|1a1=Slatta|1a2=de Grummond|1y=2003|1p=129|Langley|2009|2p=59|Arana|2013|3p=178}} and on 2 January 1816 was introduced to [[Alexandre Pétion]], President of the [[Republic of Haiti (1806–1820)|Republic of Haiti]] by a mutual friend.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=192|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2p=130|Lynch|2006|3p=97|Langley|2009|4p=59|Arana|2013|5pp=178–179}} Bolívar and Pétion impressed and befriended each other and,{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1pp=192–193|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2p=130|Arana|2013|3p=179}} after Bolívar pledged to free every slave in the areas he occupied, Pétion gave him money and military supplies.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=193|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2p=130|Lynch|2006|3p=97|Arana|2013|4p=179}}{{sfn|McFarlane|2014|p=313}}
Returning to Les Cayes, Bolívar held a conference with the Republican leaders in Haiti and was made supreme leader with Mariño as his chief of staff.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1pp=194–195|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2pp=131–132|Arana|2013|3p=179}} The Republicans departed Les Cayes for Venezuela on 31 March 1816 and followed the [[Antilles]] eastward.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=195|Lynch|2006|2p=100|Arana|2013|3p=183}} After a delay to allow a lover of Bolívar's to join the fleet, it arrived on 2 May at Margarita Island, controlled by Republican commander [[Juan Bautista Arismendi]].{{sfnm|1a1=Slatta|1a2=de Grummond|1y=2003|1pp=137–138|Lynch|2006|2p=100|Arana|2013|3pp=183–184}} Bolívar next moved to the mainland, where he declared the emancipation of all slaves and annulled of the Decree of War to the Death.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1pp=197–198|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2pp=141–142|Lynch|2006|3p=100|Langley|2009|4p=60|Arana|2013|5p=186}}{{efn|Masur, Langley, and Arana state that Bolívar issued his proclamation of emancipation in early June.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=197|Langley|2009|2p=60|Arana|2013|3p=186}} Slatta, de Grummond, and Lynch state that it was issued in July.{{sfnm|1a1=Slatta|1a2=de Grummond|1y=2003|1p=142|Lynch|2006|2p=100}}}} He seized [[Carúpano]] on 31 May and sent Mariño and Piar into Guayana to build their own army,{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=197|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2pp=139–140}} then took and held [[Ocumare de la Costa]] from 6 to 14 July, when it was recaptured by the Royalists.{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1pp=198–200|2a1=Slatta|2a2=de Grummond|2y=2003|2pp=141–144|Lynch|2006|3p=100}}{{sfn|McFarlane|2014|p=314}} Bolívar fled by sea to [[Güiria]] where, on 22 August, he was deposed by Mariño and Venezuelan Republican [[José Francisco Bermúdez]].{{sfnm|Masur|1969|1p=202|Lynch|2006|2p=101|Arana|2013|3p=189}}
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