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{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{Unreferenced|date=April 2011}}
{{Drugbox
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464211745
| verifiedrevid = 464211745
| drug_name =
⚫
| IUPAC_name = potassium (2''R'',3''S'',4''R'',5''R'')-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
| type =
⚫
| IUPAC_name = Potassium (2''R'',3''S'',4''R'',5''R'')-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
| image = Potassium gluconate.svg
| image = Potassium gluconate.svg
⚫
<!--Clinical data-->| alt =

| caption =
⚫
<!--Clinical data-->
| image2 = Potassium-gluconate-3D-balls-ionic.png
| tradename =
| tradename =
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|CDI|potassium_gluconate}}
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|CDI|potassium_gluconate}}
| MedlinePlus = a601072
| MedlinePlus = a601072
| licence_EU =
| licence_US =
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S3 / S4 / S5 / S6 / S7 / S8 / S9 -->
| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S3 / S4 / S5 / S6 / S7 / S8 / S9 -->
| legal_CA = <!-- / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_CA = <!-- / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD / Class A, B, C -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD / Class A, B, C -->
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
⚫
<!--Identifiers-->| legal_status =

⚫
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CAS_number = 299-27-4
| CAS_number = 299-27-4
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 12H3K5QKN9
| ATC_prefix = A12
| ATC_prefix = A12
| ATC_suffix = BA05
| ATC_suffix = BA05
| PubChem = 16760467
| PubChem = 16760467
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| DrugBank =
| ChemSpiderID = 8931
| ChemSpiderID = 8931
⚫
<!--Chemical data-->| C = 6

| H = 11
⚫
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=6 | H=11 | K=1 | O=7
| K = 1
| O = 7
| molecular_weight = 234.246 g/mol
| smiles = [K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
| smiles = [K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
| InChI = 1/C6H12O7.K/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;+1/p-1/t2-,3-,4+,5-;/m1./s1
| InChIKey = HLCFGWHYROZGBI-PJANJZMKBO
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C6H12O7.K/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;+1/p-1/t2-,3-,4+,5-;/m1./s1
| StdInChI = 1S/C6H12O7.K/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;+1/p-1/t2-,3-,4+,5-;/m1./s1
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| melting_notes = (decomposes)
| melting_notes = (decomposes)
| solubility =
| solubility =
| Ph = 7.5 (25 °C, 50 mg/mL in H2O)
}}
}}
'''Potassium gluconate''' is the [[potassium]] [[salt (chemistry)|salt]] of the [[conjugate base]] of [[gluconic acid]]. It is also referred to as 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxycaproic acid potassium salt, <small>D</small>-gluconic acid potassium salt, or potassium <small>D</small>-gluconate.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search?interface=Product%20Name&term=potassium+gluconate |title=Product Name potassium gluconate |publisher=[[Sigma-Aldrich]] |date= |accessdate=2013-03-09}}</ref>


It contains 16.69% <!-- =100*39.0983/234.246 --> potassium by mass. Thus 5.99 g <!-- =100/16.6911 --> of potassium gluconate contains 1 g of potassium.
'''Potassium gluconate''' is a [[Dietary mineral|mineral supplement]] and [[sequestrant]].
Potassium gluconate is a loosely bound salt of [[potassium]] and [[gluconic acid]]. Potassium is essential to life. It is involved with sodium in maintaining the body's acid-base balance and promoting physiological and metabolic processes. It also works with sodium for the maintenance of the nervous system and is a natural diuretic. It is one of the most frequently prescribed minerals in the United States. Potassium is one of the primary electrolytes in the human body, carrying tiny positive electrical charges through the blood and cells. Potassium plays an important part in maintaining blood pressure, regulating the body's pH, balancing water content, regulating the heart beat and aiding nerve cell impulses. It also contributes to the conversion of food to energy and the growth of muscle cells. It is used successfully in treating cases of [[restless leg syndrome]], in combination with [[magnesium oxide]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}


It has a density of 1.73 g/cm<sup>3</sup>.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=potassium+gluconate |title=Potassium gluconate |publisher=[[Wolfram Alpha]] |date= |accessdate=2013-04-21}}</ref>

==Dietary uses==
Potassium gluconate is used as a [[Dietary mineral|mineral supplement]] and [[sequestrant]]. It is sold over-the-counter as tablets or capsules providing up to 593 mg of potassium gluconate, thereby containing 99 mg <!-- =16.691% --> or 2.53 [[equivalent (chemistry)|milliequivalents]] of elemental potassium. This is the permissible upper limit for each tablet or capsule of over-the-counter potassium supplements sold in the US. Potassium gluconate is also sold over-the-counter as bulk powder.

As a [[food additive]], potassium gluconate is used as an [[acidity regulator]] and [[baker's yeast|yeast]] food.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/jecfa_additives/docs/Monograph1/Additive-337.pdf |title=Potassium Gluconate |author=[[Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives]] |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date=28 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://apps.who.int/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database/chemical.aspx?chemID=4660 |title=Potassium Gluconate |author=Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives |date= |website=Evaluations of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |access-date=28 November 2018}}</ref> It is known as [[E number]] reference '''E577'''.

===Safety===
Its oral [[median lethal dose]] (LD<sub>50</sub>) in rats is 10.38 g/kg.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/MSDS/MSDS/DisplayMSDSPage.do?country=US&language=en&productNumber=P1847&brand=SIAL&PageToGoToURL=https%3A%2F%2F1.800.gay%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fwww.sigmaaldrich.com%2Fcatalog%2Fsearch%3Finterface%3DProduct%2520Name%26term%3DPotassium%2Bgluconate%26lang%3Den%26region%3DUS%26focus%3Dproduct%26N%3D220003048%2B219853269%2B219853286%26mode%3Dmode%2520matchpartialmax |title=MSDS - P1847 |publisher=[[Sigma-Aldrich]] |date= |accessdate=2013-04-21}}</ref> This is not an indicator of a safe oral daily dose in rats or humans.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.drugs.com/mtm/potassium-gluconate.html Potassium gluconate medical facts] from [[Drugs.com]]
* [http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=potassium+gluconate Potassium gluconate] on [[Wolfram Alpha]]


{{Mineral supplements}}
{{Mineral supplements}}
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[[Category:Potassium compounds]]
[[Category:Potassium compounds]]
[[Category:Gluconates]]
[[Category:Gluconates]]
[[Category:E-number additives]]

[[hu:Kálium-glukonát]]

Latest revision as of 21:22, 12 April 2023

Potassium gluconate
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comConsumer Drug Information
MedlinePlusa601072
ATC code
Identifiers
  • Potassium (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
E numberE577 (acidity regulators, ...) Edit this at Wikidata
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.005.523 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC6H11KO7
Molar mass234.245 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point180 °C (356 °F) (decomposes)
  • [K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
  • InChI=1S/C6H12O7.K/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;+1/p-1/t2-,3-,4+,5-;/m1./s1 checkY
  • Key:HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Potassium gluconate is the potassium salt of the conjugate base of gluconic acid. It is also referred to as 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxycaproic acid potassium salt, D-gluconic acid potassium salt, or potassium D-gluconate.[1]

It contains 16.69% potassium by mass. Thus 5.99 g of potassium gluconate contains 1 g of potassium.

It has a density of 1.73 g/cm3.[2]

Dietary uses

[edit]

Potassium gluconate is used as a mineral supplement and sequestrant. It is sold over-the-counter as tablets or capsules providing up to 593 mg of potassium gluconate, thereby containing 99 mg or 2.53 milliequivalents of elemental potassium. This is the permissible upper limit for each tablet or capsule of over-the-counter potassium supplements sold in the US. Potassium gluconate is also sold over-the-counter as bulk powder.

As a food additive, potassium gluconate is used as an acidity regulator and yeast food.[3][4] It is known as E number reference E577.

Safety

[edit]

Its oral median lethal dose (LD50) in rats is 10.38 g/kg.[5] This is not an indicator of a safe oral daily dose in rats or humans.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Product Name potassium gluconate". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2013-03-09.
  2. ^ "Potassium gluconate". Wolfram Alpha. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  3. ^ Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. "Potassium Gluconate" (PDF). Retrieved 28 November 2018.
  4. ^ Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. "Potassium Gluconate". Evaluations of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). World Health Organization. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
  5. ^ "MSDS - P1847". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
[edit]
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