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{{Short description|Astronomer of medieval Islam}} |
{{Short description|Astronomer of medieval Islam}} |
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{{Distinguish|text=[[Ibn al-Adami]], who is presumed to be al-Adami's son}} |
{{Distinguish|text=[[Ibn al-Adami]], who is presumed to be al-Adami's son}} |
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{{Use British English|date=February 2023}} |
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{{Infobox academic |
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| image = Arabe 2506 p6 (Techniques, Walls, and the Making of Sundials).jpg |
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| image_size = 250 |
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| caption = A page from ''Techniques, Walls, and the Making of Sundials'' |
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| name = Al-Adami |
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| native_name = أبو علي الحسين بن محمد الآدمي |
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| native_name_lang = ar |
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| birth_date = fl. {{circa|925}} |
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| birth_place = |
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| death_date = |
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| death_place = |
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| era = [[Islamic Golden Age]] |
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| school_tradition = |
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| main_interests = Maker of scientific instruments |
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| notable_ideas = |
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| major_works = {{transliteration|ar|Kitab takhlTt al-sa v at wa inhiraf al-hTtan wa’l-zilalat wa alTad al-sumut}} |
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| influences = |
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| influenced = |
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}} |
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'''ʿAbū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al‐Ādamī''' ({{lang-ar| |
'''ʿAbū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al‐Ādamī''' ({{lang-ar| |
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أبو علي الحسين بن محمد الآدمي}}; flourished in [[Baghdad]] {{circa|925}}) was a maker of scientific instruments who wrote an extant work on vertical [[sundials]] |
أبو علي الحسين بن محمد الآدمي}}; flourished in [[Baghdad]] {{circa|925}}) was a maker of scientific instruments who wrote an extant work on vertical [[sundials]], ''Techniques, Walls, and the Making of Sundials''{{sfn|Jamil Ragep|Bolt|2007|p=12}}{{sfn|Dodge|1970|p=663}} ({{transliteration|ar|Kitab takhlTt al-sa v at wa inhiraf al-hTtan wa’l-zilalat wa alTad al-sumut}}).{{sfn|Rosenfeld|Ekmeleddin|2003|p=43}} The [[manuscript]], which is held in the [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]], contains tables that enabled the drawing of lines to show any desired angle of [[latitude]].{{sfn|Jamil Ragep|Bolt|2007|p=12}} The surviving copy of al-Adami's 10th century manuscript (Arabe 2506,1 (fols. 1r-62r) dates from the 15th century, which King has suggested was written either by al-Adami or by a contemporary, Sa'id ibn Khafif al-Samarqandi. The tables on [[folio]]s. 31v{{ndash}}33v were intended to be used in the construction of a vertical sundial.{{sfn|King|2004|pp=89{{ndash}}90}} |
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According to the Iranian [[polymath]] [[al-Biruni]], al-Adami was the first to demonstrate solar and lunar [[eclipse]]s using a "disc of eclipses". Al-Adami was named in the {{transliteration|ar|Fihrist}}, written by the 10th century scholar [[Ibn al‐Nadīm]].{{sfn|Jamil Ragep|Bolt|2007|p=12}} |
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==Notes== |
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The astronomer [[Ibn al-Adami]], who is thought by scholars to have been al-Adami's son, wrote {{transliteration|ar|Naẓm al‐ʿiqd}} (now lost), a {{transliteration|ar|zīj}} that used information obtained from the ''Sindhind'', an Indian source translated into [[Arabic]] by the 8th century [[mathematician]] and [[astronomer]] [[Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī]]. The {{transliteration|ar|Naẓm al‐ʿiqd}} was first published in 949/950.{{sfn|Jamil Ragep|Bolt|2007|p=12}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | * {{cite encyclopedia | editor =Thomas Hockey | first1= F. | last1= Jamil Ragep | last2 = Bolt | first2 = Marvin | title=Ādamī: Abū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al‐Ādamī | encyclopedia = The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers | publisher = Springer | date = 2007 | location = New York | page = |
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==Sources== |
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* {{cite book|editor-last=Dodge|editor-first=Baynard|title=The Fihrist of al-Nadim: a Tenth-Century Survey of Muslim Culture |date=1970 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |location=New York |isbn=978-02310-2-925-4 |page=|url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/fihristofalnadim0000ibna/page/n6/mode/2up |ref=|translator-last=Dodge |translator-first=Baynard}} |
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| ⚫ | * {{cite encyclopedia | editor =Thomas Hockey | first1= F. | last1= Jamil Ragep | last2 = Bolt | first2 = Marvin | title=Ādamī: Abū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al‐Ādamī | encyclopedia = The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers | publisher = Springer | date = 2007 | location = New York | page =| url=http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Adami_BEA.htm | isbn=9780387310220 |display-editors=etal}} ([http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Adami_BEA.pdf PDF version]) |
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* {{cite book |last1=King |first1=David A. |author1=|series=Islamic Philosophy, Theology, And Science |author1-link=David King (historian) |editor1-last=Daiber |editor1-first=H. |editor2-last=Pingree |editor2-first=D. |title=In Synchrony With The Heavens: Studies In Astronomical Timekeeping And Instrumentation In Medieval Islamic Civilization |date=2004 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden |isbn=90-04-12233-8 |page=|volume=1: The Call of the Muezzin |url=https://archive.org/details/DavidA.KingInSynchronyWithTheHeavensStudiesInAstronomicalTimekeepingAndInstrumen/page/n1/mode/2up}} |
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* {{cite book |last1=Rosenfeld |first1=B. A. |last2=Ekmeleddin |first2=Ihsanoğlu |author1=|series=Series of Studies and Sources on (the) History of Science |title=Mathematicians, Astronomers, and Other Scholars of Islamic Civilization and Their Works (7th–19th c.) |date=2003 |publisher=Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) |location=Istanbul |isbn=92-9063-127-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/ilmetauqeet_gmail_658/mode/2up |ref=}} |
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==Further reading== |
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* {{cite book |editor1-last=Jayyusi |editor1-first=Salma Khadra |title=The Legacy of Muslim Spain |date=1994 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden; New York |isbn=978-90040-9-599-1 |page=963 |url-access=registration |edition=|volume=2 |url=https://archive.org/details/legacyofmuslimsp0000unse_z1t7/page/n3/mode/2up |ref=none}} |
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==External links== |
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* [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10037488d?rk=21459;2 Manuscript Arabe 2506] from [[Bibliothèque nationale de France|Gallica]], which contains the unique copy of al-Adami's treatise on vertical sundials |
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{{Islamic astronomy}} |
{{Islamic astronomy}} |
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[[Category:Astronomers from the Abbasid Caliphate]] |
[[Category:Astronomers from the Abbasid Caliphate]] |
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[[Category:Astronomers of the medieval Islamic world]] |
[[Category:Astronomers of the medieval Islamic world]] |
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{{Astronomer-stub}} |
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Revision as of 23:59, 14 May 2023
Al-Adami | |
|---|---|
أبو علي الحسين بن محمد الآدمي | |
.jpg) A page from Techniques, Walls, and the Making of Sundials | |
| Born | fl. c. 925 |
| Academic work | |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
| Main interests | Maker of scientific instruments |
| Notable works | Kitab takhlTt al-sa v at wa inhiraf al-hTtan wa’l-zilalat wa alTad al-sumut |
ʿAbū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al‐Ādamī (Arabic: أبو علي الحسين بن محمد الآدمي; flourished in Baghdad c. 925) was a maker of scientific instruments who wrote an extant work on vertical sundials, Techniques, Walls, and the Making of Sundials[1][2] (Kitab takhlTt al-sa v at wa inhiraf al-hTtan wa’l-zilalat wa alTad al-sumut).[3] The manuscript, which is held in the Bibliothèque nationale de France, contains tables that enabled the drawing of lines to show any desired angle of latitude.[1] The surviving copy of al-Adami's 10th century manuscript (Arabe 2506,1 (fols. 1r-62r) dates from the 15th century, which King has suggested was written either by al-Adami or by a contemporary, Sa'id ibn Khafif al-Samarqandi. The tables on folios. 31v–33v were intended to be used in the construction of a vertical sundial.[4]
According to the Iranian polymath al-Biruni, al-Adami was the first to demonstrate solar and lunar eclipses using a "disc of eclipses". Al-Adami was named in the Fihrist, written by the 10th century scholar Ibn al‐Nadīm.[1]
The astronomer Ibn al-Adami, who is thought by scholars to have been al-Adami's son, wrote Naẓm al‐ʿiqd (now lost), a zīj that used information obtained from the Sindhind, an Indian source translated into Arabic by the 8th century mathematician and astronomer Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī. The Naẓm al‐ʿiqd was first published in 949/950.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d Jamil Ragep & Bolt 2007, p. 12.
- ^ Dodge 1970, p. 663.
- ^ Rosenfeld & Ekmeleddin 2003, p. 43.
- ^ King 2004, pp. 89–90.
Sources
- Dodge, Baynard, ed. (1970). The Fihrist of al-Nadim: a Tenth-Century Survey of Muslim Culture. Translated by Dodge, Baynard. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-02310-2-925-4.
- Jamil Ragep, F.; Bolt, Marvin (2007). "Ādamī: Abū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al‐Ādamī". In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. ISBN 9780387310220. (PDF version)
- King, David A. (2004). Daiber, H.; Pingree, D. (eds.). In Synchrony With The Heavens: Studies In Astronomical Timekeeping And Instrumentation In Medieval Islamic Civilization. Islamic Philosophy, Theology, And Science. Vol. 1: The Call of the Muezzin. Leiden: Brill Publishers. ISBN 90-04-12233-8.
- Rosenfeld, B. A.; Ekmeleddin, Ihsanoğlu (2003). Mathematicians, Astronomers, and Other Scholars of Islamic Civilization and Their Works (7th–19th c.). Series of Studies and Sources on (the) History of Science. Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA). ISBN 92-9063-127-9.
Further reading
- Jayyusi, Salma Khadra, ed. (1994). The Legacy of Muslim Spain. Vol. 2. Leiden; New York: Brill Publishers. p. 963. ISBN 978-90040-9-599-1.
External links
- Manuscript Arabe 2506 from Gallica, which contains the unique copy of al-Adami's treatise on vertical sundials