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{{Short description|Hindu temple in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India}}
{{Short description|Hindu temple in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India}}
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'''Patit Pawan Mandir''', also known as Patit Pawan Temple, is a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] [[temple]] in [[Ratnagiri]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]].<ref name=mt>{{cite web |url=https://maharashtratimes.com/maharashtra/ratnagiri/chitra-wagh-tweet-ratnagiri-patit-pavan-mandir-temple-bhagojisheth-kir-veer-savarkar-controversy/articleshow/95848446.cms|title=मंदिर बांधलं भागोजीशेठ कीर यांनी, चित्रा वाघ यांनी नाव जोडलं सावरकरांचं, रत्नागिरीकर म्हणतात, 'माफी मागा' |last= |first= |date= |website= |publisher=Maharashtra Times|access-date=|quote=|language=mr}}</ref> The temple was built by Shriman Bhagojisheth Keer on February 22, 1931.<ref name="Keer1966">{{Cite book|last=Keer|first=Dhananjay|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13532|title=Veer Savarkar|edition=2nd|date=1966|publisher=Popular Prakashan, Mumbai|pages=184–192 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Trehan |first=Jyoti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JD1ZMJZZNr4C&dq=%22Patit+Pavan+Mandir%22&pg=PR7 |title=Veer Savarkar: Thought and Action of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar |date=1991 |publisher=Deep & Deep Publications |isbn=978-81-7100-322-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Sampath 2021 p. 96">{{cite book | last=Sampath | first=V. | title=Savarkar (Part 2): A Contested Legacy, 1924-1966 | publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited | year=2021 | isbn=978-93-5492-071-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s4E0EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT96 | language= | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=96}}</ref><ref name="Grover 1993 p. 505">{{cite book | last=Grover | first=V. | title=V.D. Savarkar | publisher=Deep & Deep Publications | series=Political Thinkers of Modern India: V.D. Savarkar | year=1993 | isbn=978-81-7100-425-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AwmT2XjEXw0C&pg=PA505 | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=505}}</ref><ref name="Bharatiya Janata Party 2003 p. ">{{cite book | author=Bharatiya Janata Party | title=BJP Today | publisher=Bharatiya Janata Party | issue=v. 12 | year=2003 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qxyOAAAAMAAJ | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=8}}</ref><ref name="BBC News">{{cite web | title=आंबेडकर और सावरकर में क्या जाति के मुद्दे पर वैचारिक दूरी थी? -विवेचना | website=BBC News हिंदी | date=14 Apr 2023 | url=https://www.bbc.com/hindi/india-65264335 | language=hi | access-date=3 Jul 2023}}</ref> At the time, those from the [[Dalit]] caste were considered [[untouchability|untouchables]] and not allowed to enter temples; this built allowed all people, including the untouchables, to enter together on instance of [[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]].<ref name="BBC News" /><ref name="apnisanskriti">{{cite web | url=https://www.apnisanskriti.com/temple/patit-pavan-mandir-ratnagiri-maharashtra-4775 | title=Patit Pavan Mandir, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra}}</ref> A yearly Ganesh festival is held here every year.<ref name="DI">{{cite web | url=https://www.discoveredindia.com/maharashtra/attractions/temples/patit-pavan-mandir.htm | title=Patit Pavan Mandir at Discover India}}</ref> The festival was converted into a pan-Hindu festival that everyone, regardless of caste, could attend.<ref name="Jayapalan 2001 p. 134">{{cite book | last=Jayapalan | first=N. | title=History of India | publisher=Atlantic | year=2001 | isbn=978-81-7156-914-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Z8OzIyGt0MC&pg=PA134 | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=134}}</ref>
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'''Patit Pawan Mandir''', also known as Patit Pawan Temple, is a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] [[temple]] in [[Ratnagiri]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]].<ref name=mt>{{cite web |url=https://maharashtratimes.com/maharashtra/ratnagiri/chitra-wagh-tweet-ratnagiri-patit-pavan-mandir-temple-bhagojisheth-kir-veer-savarkar-controversy/articleshow/95848446.cms|title=मंदिर बांधलं भागोजीशेठ कीर यांनी, चित्रा वाघ यांनी नाव जोडलं सावरकरांचं, रत्नागिरीकर म्हणतात, 'माफी मागा' |last= |first= |date= |website= |publisher=Maharashtra Times|access-date=|quote=|language=mr}}</ref> The idea for the temple was conceived by [[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]],<ref name="mt" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.saamana.com/bjp-maharashtra-womens-wing-president-chitra-wagh-fake-tweet-patit-pavan-temple-ratnagiri-build-veer-savarkar/|title=चित्रा वाघ यांचा इतिहास कच्चा, पतितपावन मंदिर स्वातंत्र्यवीर सावरकरांनी बांधल्याचा जावई शोध |last= |first= |date= |website= saamana.com|publisher=|access-date=|quote=|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tv9marathi.com/maharashtra/pune/pune-patit-pavan-sanghatana-on-punyeshwar-temple-mns-hindu-mahasabha-role-au135-716723.html|title=Punyeshwar temple : पुण्यातल्या पुण्येश्वर मंदिरावरून मनसे आणि हिंदू महासंघाची भूमिका राजकीय स्टंट; पतित पावन संघटनेचा आरोप |last= |first= |date= |website= tv9marathi.com|publisher=|access-date=|quote=|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhave |first=Y. G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oXXCVgmmudsC&dq=Patit+Pawan+Mandir&pg=PA28 |title=Vinayak Damodar Savarkar: The Much-maligned and Misunderstood Revolutionary and Freedom Fighter |date=2009 |publisher=Northern Book Centre |isbn=978-81-7211-266-0 |language=en}}</ref> and built by Shriman Bhagojisheth Keer on February 22, 1931.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Keer|first=Dhananjay|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13532|title=Veer Savarkar|edition=2nd|date=1966|publisher=Popular Prakashan, Mumbai}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Trehan |first=Jyoti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JD1ZMJZZNr4C&dq=%22Patit+Pavan+Mandir%22&pg=PR7 |title=Veer Savarkar: Thought and Action of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar |date=1991 |publisher=Deep & Deep Publications |isbn=978-81-7100-322-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Sampath 2021 p. 96">{{cite book | last=Sampath | first=V. | title=Savarkar (Part 2): A Contested Legacy, 1924-1966 | publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited | year=2021 | isbn=978-93-5492-071-4 | url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=s4E0EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT96 | language= | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=96}}</ref><ref name="Grover 1993 p. 505">{{cite book | last=Grover | first=V. | title=V.D. Savarkar | publisher=Deep & Deep Publications | series=Political Thinkers of Modern India: V.D. Savarkar | year=1993 | isbn=978-81-7100-425-6 | url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=AwmT2XjEXw0C&pg=PA505 | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=505}}</ref><ref name="Sharma 1998 p. 106">{{cite book | last=Sharma | first=J.N. | title=Encyclopaedia Eminent Thinkers (vol. 12 : The Political Thought Of Veer Savarkar) | publisher=Concept Publishing Company | series=Encyclopaedia of Eminent Thinkers | year=1998 | isbn=978-81-8069-492-9 | url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=YHmOMnJKiS4C&pg=PA106 | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=106}}</ref><ref name="Seshadri 1988 p. 196">{{cite book | last=Seshadri | first=H.V. | title=R.S.S. A Vision In Action | publisher=Jagarana Prakashana | series=Rashtrotthana Sahitya | year=1988 | url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=iouZEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT196 | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=196}}</ref><ref name="Travel House 2004 p. ">{{cite book | title=Travel House Guide to Incredible India | publisher=Travel House | year=2004 | isbn=978-81-241-1063-8 | url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=JCluAAAAMAAJ | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=271}}</ref><ref name="Jayapalan 2001 p. 134">{{cite book | last=Jayapalan | first=N. | title=History of India | publisher=Atlantic | year=2001 | isbn=978-81-7156-914-4 | url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-Z8OzIyGt0MC&pg=PA134 | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=134}}</ref><ref name="Bharatiya Janata Party 2003 p. ">{{cite book | author=Bharatiya Janata Party | title=BJP Today | publisher=Bharatiya Janata Party | issue=v. 12 | year=2003 | url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qxyOAAAAMAAJ | access-date=1 Jul 2023 | page=8}}</ref><ref name="BBC News">{{cite web | title=आंबेडकर और सावरकर में क्या जाति के मुद्दे पर वैचारिक दूरी थी? -विवेचना | website=BBC News हिंदी | date=14 Apr 2023 | url=https://www.bbc.com/hindi/india-65264335 | language=hi | access-date=3 Jul 2023}}</ref>
At the time, those from the [[Dalit]] caste were considered [[untouchability|untouchabes]] and not allowed to enter temples; this temple was the first built to allow all people, including the untouchables, to enter together.<ref name="BBC News" /><ref name="apnisanskriti">{{cite web | url=https://www.apnisanskriti.com/temple/patit-pavan-mandir-ratnagiri-maharashtra-4775 | title=Patit Pavan Mandir, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra}}</ref> A yearly Ganesh festival is held here every year.<ref name="DI>{{cite web | url=https://www.discoveredindia.com/maharashtra/attractions/temples/patit-pavan-mandir.htm | title=Patit Pavan Mandir at Discover India}}
</ref>


== History ==
== History ==


In 1930 when orthodox section of [[Brahmin]]s started sabotaging the growing activism against untouchability, they passed a resolution that untouchables would not be allowed in Vitthal Mandir during Ganapati festival. Savarkar opted for a separate Ganapati festival for Hindus in order to counter the move. The idol installation was done by a lower caste and the prize for reciting ''[[Gayatri Mantra]]'' was also won by a lower caste in the festival.<ref name="Sharma">{{cite book | last=Sharma | first=J.N. | title=Encyclopaedia Eminent Thinkers (vol. 12 : The Political Thought Of Veer Savarkar) | publisher=Concept Publishing Company | series=Encyclopaedia of Eminent Thinkers | year=1998 | isbn=978-81-8069-492-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YHmOMnJKiS4C&dq=patit+mandir+keer+savarkar+untouchable&pg=PA106 |page=106}}</ref>
Shriman Bhagojisheth Keer was a business man and member of the [[Bhandari (caste)|Bhandari caste]].<ref name="apnisanskriti" /><ref name="Jog_NBharati" /> Because his people could not access a normal temple, he built a private temple for his people to perform [[Puja (Hinduism)|Puja]], a type of worship or prayer.<ref name="Jog_NBharati" /> He invited Savarkar to a festival at the temple.<ref name="Jog_NBharati">{{cite web |url=https://www.newsbharati.com/Encyc/2020/9/16/Veer-Savarkar-.html |title=Veer Savarkar and Patitpavan Temple - Part 1 |last=Jog |first=Akshay |date=Sep 16, 2020}}</ref>


The Patit Pavan Mandir was raised due to opposition by Brahmins towards the installation of idols with [[Vedas|vedic]] rites by Bhagojisheth Keer who belonged to [[Bhandari (caste)|Bhandari caste]].<ref name="apnisanskriti" /><ref name="Sharma"/>
Savarkar challenged him to build a temple for all, regardless of birth caste.<ref name="Jog_NBharati" /> Keer accepted this suggestion and Patit Pawan temple was constructed.<ref name="Jog_NBharati" />

Intercaste dining (known as Rotibandi was also taboo.<ref name="Jog_NBharati2">{{cite web |url=https://www.newsbharati.com/Encyc/2020/9/29/Patitpavan-temple-.html |title=Veer Savarkar and Patitpavan Temple - Part 2 |last=Jog |first=Akshay |date=Sep 29, 2020}}</ref> In 1931, 75 women attended the first inter-caste dining event at the temple; follow up events grew larger.<ref name="Jog_NBharati2" /> In 1933, a cafe staffed by untouchables was opened to all Hindus. <ref name="Jog_NBharati2" />


== Display ==
== Display ==


A monument of Savarkar has been erected in the premises of this temple. On the first floor of the memorial, there is an exhibition and the history of 1857 to the time of independence is presented here. The belongings of Savarkar are preserved there as well. A replica of the Moria boat, the boat from which Savarkar took his historic plunge into the sea, is kept at Marseilles port. In the hall on the ground floor, one can view documentaries.<ref name="Smith>Smith, Walter (2003). "Ratnagiri" . Oxford Art Online . Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4.</ref>
A monument of Savarkar has been erected in the premises of this temple. On the first floor of the memorial, there is an exhibition and the history of 1857 to the time of independence is presented here. The belongings of Savarkar are preserved there as well. A replica of the Moria boat, the boat from which Savarkar took his historic plunge into the sea, is kept at Marseilles port. In the hall on the ground floor, one can view documentaries.<ref name="Smith">Smith, Walter (2003). "Ratnagiri" . Oxford Art Online . Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-1-884446-05-4}}.</ref>


== In Popular culture ==
== In popular culture ==
''[[Veer Savarkar (film)|Veer Savarkar]],'' a Hindi film by [[Sudhir Phadke]] on the life of Savarkar was shot in [[Ratnagiri]] and has scenes shot in Patit Pawan Mandir. This film was in fact the last film for which Phadke last sang and composed music.
''[[Veer Savarkar (film)|Veer Savarkar]],'' a Hindi film by [[Sudhir Phadke]] on the life of Savarkar, was shot in [[Ratnagiri]] and has scenes shot in Patit Pawan Mandir. This film was in fact the last film for which Phadke last sang and composed music.


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 01:37, 11 July 2023

Patit Pawan Mandir, also known as Patit Pawan Temple, is a Hindu temple in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India.[1] The temple was built by Shriman Bhagojisheth Keer on February 22, 1931.[2][3][4][5][6][7] At the time, those from the Dalit caste were considered untouchables and not allowed to enter temples; this built allowed all people, including the untouchables, to enter together on instance of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar.[7][8] A yearly Ganesh festival is held here every year.[9] The festival was converted into a pan-Hindu festival that everyone, regardless of caste, could attend.[10]

History

[edit]

In 1930 when orthodox section of Brahmins started sabotaging the growing activism against untouchability, they passed a resolution that untouchables would not be allowed in Vitthal Mandir during Ganapati festival. Savarkar opted for a separate Ganapati festival for Hindus in order to counter the move. The idol installation was done by a lower caste and the prize for reciting Gayatri Mantra was also won by a lower caste in the festival.[11]

The Patit Pavan Mandir was raised due to opposition by Brahmins towards the installation of idols with vedic rites by Bhagojisheth Keer who belonged to Bhandari caste.[8][11]

Display

[edit]

A monument of Savarkar has been erected in the premises of this temple. On the first floor of the memorial, there is an exhibition and the history of 1857 to the time of independence is presented here. The belongings of Savarkar are preserved there as well. A replica of the Moria boat, the boat from which Savarkar took his historic plunge into the sea, is kept at Marseilles port. In the hall on the ground floor, one can view documentaries.[12]

[edit]

Veer Savarkar, a Hindi film by Sudhir Phadke on the life of Savarkar, was shot in Ratnagiri and has scenes shot in Patit Pawan Mandir. This film was in fact the last film for which Phadke last sang and composed music.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "मंदिर बांधलं भागोजीशेठ कीर यांनी, चित्रा वाघ यांनी नाव जोडलं सावरकरांचं, रत्नागिरीकर म्हणतात, 'माफी मागा'" (in Marathi). Maharashtra Times.
  2. ^ Keer, Dhananjay (1966). Veer Savarkar (2nd ed.). Popular Prakashan, Mumbai. pp. 184–192.
  3. ^ Trehan, Jyoti (1991). Veer Savarkar: Thought and Action of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar. Deep & Deep Publications. ISBN 978-81-7100-322-8.
  4. ^ Sampath, V. (2021). Savarkar (Part 2): A Contested Legacy, 1924-1966. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. p. 96. ISBN 978-93-5492-071-4. Retrieved 1 Jul 2023.
  5. ^ Grover, V. (1993). V.D. Savarkar. Political Thinkers of Modern India: V.D. Savarkar. Deep & Deep Publications. p. 505. ISBN 978-81-7100-425-6. Retrieved 1 Jul 2023.
  6. ^ Bharatiya Janata Party (2003). BJP Today. Bharatiya Janata Party. p. 8. Retrieved 1 Jul 2023.
  7. ^ a b "आंबेडकर और सावरकर में क्या जाति के मुद्दे पर वैचारिक दूरी थी? -विवेचना". BBC News हिंदी (in Hindi). 14 Apr 2023. Retrieved 3 Jul 2023.
  8. ^ a b "Patit Pavan Mandir, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra".
  9. ^ "Patit Pavan Mandir at Discover India".
  10. ^ Jayapalan, N. (2001). History of India. Atlantic. p. 134. ISBN 978-81-7156-914-4. Retrieved 1 Jul 2023.
  11. ^ a b Sharma, J.N. (1998). Encyclopaedia Eminent Thinkers (vol. 12 : The Political Thought Of Veer Savarkar). Encyclopaedia of Eminent Thinkers. Concept Publishing Company. p. 106. ISBN 978-81-8069-492-9.
  12. ^ Smith, Walter (2003). "Ratnagiri" . Oxford Art Online . Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Kane, Pandurang Vaman: History of Dharmasastra: (ancient and mediaeval, religious and civil law) — Poona : Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 1962–1975
[edit]

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