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{{Short description|American physician and physiologist}}
{{multiple issues|
{{multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=August 2013}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2013}}
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|image_size =180px
|image_size =180px
|caption = Dickinson W. Richards
|caption = Dickinson W. Richards
|birth_name=Dickinson Woodruff Richards, Jr.
|birth_name=Dickinson Woodruff Richards Jr.
|birth_date = {{Birth-date|October 30, 1895}}
|birth_date = {{Birth-date|October 30, 1895}}
|birth_place = [[Orange, New Jersey]]
|birth_place = [[Orange, New Jersey]]
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'''Dickinson Woodruff Richards, Jr.''' (October 30, 1895 – February 23, 1973) was an [[United States|American]] [[physician]] and [[physiologist]]. He was a co-recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] in 1956 with [[André Frédéric Cournand|André Cournand]] and [[Werner Forssmann]] for the development of [[cardiac catheterization]] and the characterisation
'''Dickinson Woodruff Richards Jr.''' (October 30, 1895 – February 23, 1973) was an American [[physician]] and [[physiologist]]. He was a co-recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] in 1956 with [[André Frédéric Cournand|André Cournand]] and [[Werner Forssmann]] for the development of [[cardiac catheterization]] and the characterisation
of a number of [[heart disease|cardiac diseases]].
of a number of [[heart disease|cardiac diseases]].


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==Career==
==Career==
He joined the [[United States Army]] in 1917, and became an [[artillery]] instructor. He served from 1918–1919 as an artillery officer in [[France]].
He joined the [[United States Army]] in 1917, and became an [[artillery]] instructor. He served from 1918 to 1919 as an artillery officer in [[France]].


When{{when|date=August 2013}} he returned to the [[United States]], Richards attended [[Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons]], graduating with an [[Master's degree|M.A.]] in 1922 and his [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]] degree in 1923. He was on the staff of the [[New York-Presbyterian Hospital|Presbyterian Hospital]] in [[New York City|New York]] until 1927, when{{when|date=August 2013}} he went to [[England]] to work at the [[National Institute for Medical Research]] in [[London]], under [[Henry Hallett Dale|Sir Henry Dale]], on the control of circulation in the [[liver]].
When{{when|date=August 2013}} he returned to the [[United States]], Richards attended [[Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons]], graduating with an [[Master's degree|M.A.]] in 1922 and his [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]] degree in 1923. He was on the staff of the [[New York-Presbyterian Hospital|Presbyterian Hospital]] in [[New York City|New York]] until 1927, when{{when|date=August 2013}} he went to [[England]] to work at the [[National Institute for Medical Research]] in [[London]], under [[Henry Hallett Dale|Sir Henry Dale]], on the control of circulation in the [[liver]].
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In 1945 Richards moved his lab to [[Bellevue Hospital]], New York. In 1947 he was made the Lambert Professor of Medicine at [[Columbia University]], where he had taught since 1925. During his career he also served as an advisor to [[Merck & Co.|Merck Sharp and Dohme Company]], and edited the [[Merck Manual]]. Richards retired from his positions at Bellevue and Columbia in 1961.
In 1945 Richards moved his lab to [[Bellevue Hospital]], New York. In 1947 he was made the Lambert Professor of Medicine at [[Columbia University]], where he had taught since 1925. During his career he also served as an advisor to [[Merck & Co.|Merck Sharp and Dohme Company]], and edited the [[Merck Manual]]. Richards retired from his positions at Bellevue and Columbia in 1961.

== Global policy ==
He was one of the signatories of the agreement to convene a convention for drafting a [[world constitution]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961 |url=https://www.afb.org/HelenKellerArchive?a=d&d=A-HK01-07-B149-F04-022.1.8 |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=Helen Keller Archive |publisher=American Foundation for the Blind}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials |url=https://www.afb.org/HelenKellerArchive?a=d&d=A-HK01-07-B154-F05-028.1.6 |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Helen Keller Archive |publisher=American Foundation for the Blind}}</ref> As a result, for the first time in human history, a [[World Constituent Assembly]] convened to draft and adopt the [[Constitution for the Federation of Earth]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Preparing earth constitution {{!}} Global Strategies & Solutions {{!}} The Encyclopedia of World Problems |url=http://encyclopedia.uia.org/en/strategy/193465 |url-status= |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=The Encyclopedia of World Problems {{!}} Union of International Associations (UIA)}}</ref>


==Honor==
==Honor==
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
*Fishman, Alfred P. Richards, Dickinson Woodruff. American National Biography Online February 2000.
*Fishman, Alfred P. Richards, Dickinson Woodruff. American National Biography Online February 2000.
*{{Nobelprize|accessdate=2020-10-12}} including the Nobel Lecture ''The Contributions of Right Heart Catheterization to Physiology and Medicine, with Some Observations on the Physiopathology of Pulmonary Heart Disease''
*Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942–1962, [http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1956/richards-bio.html Dickinson W. Richards], Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964
*{{cite journal
*{{cite journal
|last=Ventura
|last=Ventura
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| pmid = 11211171
| pmid = 11211171
| doi = 10.1097/00019501-200102000-00012
| doi = 10.1097/00019501-200102000-00012
|doi-access=free
}}
}}
*{{cite journal
*{{cite journal
|last=Raju
|last=Raju
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| pmid = 10359453
| pmid = 10359453
| doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)75106-0
| doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)75106-0
|s2cid=54402027
}}
}}
*{{cite journal
*{{cite journal
|last=Cournand
|last=Cournand
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| pmid = 4890192
| pmid = 4890192
}}
}}

== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{Nobelprize}}
* {{Nobelprize}}
{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1951-1975}}
{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1951-1975}}
{{1956 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{1956 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{World Constitutional Convention call signatories}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:Hotchkiss School alumni]]
[[Category:Hotchkiss School alumni]]
[[Category:Yale University alumni]]
[[Category:Yale University alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University faculty]]
[[Category:Columbia University faculty]]
[[Category:People from Orange, New Jersey]]
[[Category:People from Orange, New Jersey]]
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[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Harvard Medical School people]]
[[Category:Harvard Medical School people]]
[[Category:World Constitutional Convention call signatories]]

Revision as of 11:46, 11 November 2023

Dickinson W. Richards
Dickinson W. Richards
Born
Dickinson Woodruff Richards Jr.

October 30, 1895 (1895-10-30)
Orange, New Jersey
DiedFebruary 23, 1973 (1973-02-24) (aged 77)
Lakeville, Connecticut
NationalityAmerican
Alma materYale University
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
Known forcardiac catheterization
AwardsNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1956
Scientific career
Fieldsmedicine
physiology
InstitutionsColumbia University
Bellevue Hospital
Presbyterian Hospital

Dickinson Woodruff Richards Jr. (October 30, 1895 – February 23, 1973) was an American physician and physiologist. He was a co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1956 with André Cournand and Werner Forssmann for the development of cardiac catheterization and the characterisation of a number of cardiac diseases.

Early life

Richards was born in Orange, New Jersey. He was educated at the Hotchkiss School in Connecticut, and entered Yale University in 1913. At Yale he studied English and Greek, graduating in 1917 as a member of the senior society Scroll and Key.

Career

He joined the United States Army in 1917, and became an artillery instructor. He served from 1918 to 1919 as an artillery officer in France.

When[when?] he returned to the United States, Richards attended Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating with an M.A. in 1922 and his M.D. degree in 1923. He was on the staff of the Presbyterian Hospital in New York until 1927, when[when?] he went to England to work at the National Institute for Medical Research in London, under Sir Henry Dale, on the control of circulation in the liver.

In 1928, Richards returned to the Presbyterian Hospital and began his research on pulmonary and circulatory physiology, working under Professor Lawrence Henderson of Harvard. He began collaborations with André Cournand at Bellevue Hospital, New York, working on pulmonary function. Initially their research focussed on methods to study pulmonary function in patients with pulmonary disease.

Their next area of research was the development of a technique for catheterization of the heart. Using this technique they were able to study and characterise traumatic shock, the physiology of heart failure. They measured the effects of cardiac drugs and described various forms of dysfunction in chronic cardiac diseases and pulmonary diseases and their treatment, and developed techniques for the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. For this work, Richards, Cournand, and Werner Forssmann were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for 1956.[citation needed]

In 1945 Richards moved his lab to Bellevue Hospital, New York. In 1947 he was made the Lambert Professor of Medicine at Columbia University, where he had taught since 1925. During his career he also served as an advisor to Merck Sharp and Dohme Company, and edited the Merck Manual. Richards retired from his positions at Bellevue and Columbia in 1961.

Global policy

He was one of the signatories of the agreement to convene a convention for drafting a world constitution.[1][2] As a result, for the first time in human history, a World Constituent Assembly convened to draft and adopt the Constitution for the Federation of Earth.[3]

Honor

Richards received many other honors, including the John Phillips Memorial Award of the American College of Physicians in 1960, the Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur in 1963, the Trudeau Medal in 1968, and the Kober Medal of the Association of American Physicians in 1970.

He died in Lakeville, Connecticut.

References

  1. ^ "Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  2. ^ "Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
  3. ^ "Preparing earth constitution | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Encyclopedia of World Problems". The Encyclopedia of World Problems | Union of International Associations (UIA). Retrieved 2023-07-15.
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