West Frisian languages: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Group of languages of the Netherlands}} |
{{Short description|Group of languages of the Netherlands}} |
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{{distinguish|West Frisian |
{{distinguish|West Frisian language}} |
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{{Infobox language family |
{{Infobox language family |
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|name = West Frisian |
|name = West Frisian |
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|fam2 = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] |
|fam2 = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] |
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|fam3 = [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]] |
|fam3 = [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]] |
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|fam4 = [[ |
|fam4 = [[North Sea Germanic]] |
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|fam5 = [[Anglo-Frisian languages|Anglo-Frisian]] |
|fam5 = [[Anglo-Frisian languages|Anglo-Frisian]] |
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|fam6 = [[Frisian languages|Frisian]] |
|fam6 = [[Frisian languages|Frisian]] |
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|child1 = [[Hindeloopen Frisian]] |
|child1 = [[Hindeloopen Frisian]] |
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|child2 = [[Schiermonnikoog Frisian]] |
|child2 = [[Schiermonnikoog Frisian]] |
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|child3 = [[Terschelling Frisian]] |
|child3 = Westlauwers–Terschellings ([[Terschelling Frisian]] and [[West Frisian language|Western Frisian]]) |
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|child4 = [[West Frisian language|Mainland West Frisian]] |
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|iso1 = fy |
|iso1 = fy |
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|iso2 = fry |
|iso2 = fry |
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==Languages== |
==Languages== |
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Not all West Frisian varieties spoken in Dutch Friesland are mutually intelligible. The varieties on the islands are rather divergent, and ''Glottolog'' distinguishes four languages:<ref>{{cite web |editor-last1=Hammarström |editor-first1= Harald |editor-last2=Forke |editor-first2=Robert |editor-last3=Haspelmath |editor-first3=Martin |editor-last4=Bank |editor-first4=Sebastian |title=Modern West Frisian |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mode1264 |work=[[Glottolog]] 4.3 |year=2020}}</ref> |
Not all West Frisian varieties spoken in Dutch Friesland are mutually intelligible. The varieties on the islands are rather divergent, and ''Glottolog'' distinguishes four languages:<ref>{{cite web |editor-last1=Hammarström |editor-first1= Harald |editor-last2=Forke |editor-first2=Robert |editor-last3=Haspelmath |editor-first3=Martin |editor-last4=Bank |editor-first4=Sebastian |title=Modern West Frisian |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mode1264 |work=[[Glottolog]] 4.3 |year=2020}}</ref> |
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*'''[[Hindeloopen |
*'''[[Hindeloopen Frisian]]''' ({{lang|fy|Hylpersk}}, Dutch {{lang|nl|Hindeloopers}} and {{lang|nl|Molkwerums}}), an archaic dialect of the peninsular harbour town of [[Hindeloopen]] ({{lang|fy|Hylpen}}) and the village of [[Molkwerum]] on the west coast, is spoken by, at the most, some 300 people. |
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*'''[[Schiermonnikoog Frisian]]''' {{lang|fy|Skiermûntseagersk}}, the most endangered West Frisian language, is spoken on the island of [[Schiermonnikoog]] ({{lang|fy|Skiermûntseach}}) by no more than 50–100 people (out of an island population of 900). |
*'''[[Schiermonnikoog Frisian]]''' {{lang|fy|Skiermûntseagersk}}, the most endangered West Frisian language, is spoken on the island of [[Schiermonnikoog]] ({{lang|fy|Skiermûntseach}}) by no more than 50–100 people (out of an island population of 900). |
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*Westlauwers–Terschellings |
*[[Westlauwers–Terschellings]] |
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**'''[[Terschelling Frisian]]''' ({{lang|fy|Skylgersk}}). {{lang|fy|Westersk}} and {{lang|fy|Aastersk}} are the dialects of the western and eastern parts of the island of [[Terschelling]] ({{lang|fy|Skylge}}) and have about 800 and 400 speakers respectively. |
**'''[[Terschelling Frisian]]''' ({{lang|fy|Skylgersk}}). {{lang|fy|Westersk}} and {{lang|fy|Aastersk}} are the dialects of the western and eastern parts of the island of [[Terschelling]] ({{lang|fy|Skylge}}) and have about 800 and 400 speakers respectively. |
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**'''[[West Frisian language| |
**'''[[West Frisian language|Western Frisian]]''', spoken by over 99% of the West Frisian-speaking population{{Citation needed|date=April 2022|reason=Where does the 99% figure come from?}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Frisian languages|state=expanded}} |
{{Frisian languages|state=expanded}} |
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{{Germanic languages}} |
{{Germanic languages}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:West Frisian language|*]] |
[[Category:West Frisian language|*]] |
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[[Category:Frisian languages]] |
[[Category:Frisian languages]] |
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[[Category:Languages of the Netherlands]] |
[[Category:Languages of the Netherlands]] |
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{{germanic-lang-stub}} |
{{germanic-lang-stub}} |
Latest revision as of 01:20, 25 February 2024
West Frisian | |
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Ethnicity | West Frisians |
Geographic distribution | Friesland and Groningen, Netherlands |
Linguistic classification | Indo-European |
Subdivisions |
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ISO 639-1 | fy |
ISO 639-2 / 5 | fry |
ISO 639-3 | fry |
Glottolog | mode1264 |
Present-day distribution West Frisian languages (blue), in the Netherlands | |
Notes | fry is ISO 639-2 and not ISO 639-5 |
The West Frisian languages are a group of closely related, though not mutually intelligible, Frisian languages of the Netherlands. Due to the marginalization of all but mainland West Frisian, they are often portrayed as dialects of a single language. (See that article for the history of the languages.)
Languages
[edit]Not all West Frisian varieties spoken in Dutch Friesland are mutually intelligible. The varieties on the islands are rather divergent, and Glottolog distinguishes four languages:[1]
- Hindeloopen Frisian (Hylpersk, Dutch Hindeloopers and Molkwerums), an archaic dialect of the peninsular harbour town of Hindeloopen (Hylpen) and the village of Molkwerum on the west coast, is spoken by, at the most, some 300 people.
- Schiermonnikoog Frisian Skiermûntseagersk, the most endangered West Frisian language, is spoken on the island of Schiermonnikoog (Skiermûntseach) by no more than 50–100 people (out of an island population of 900).
- Westlauwers–Terschellings
- Terschelling Frisian (Skylgersk). Westersk and Aastersk are the dialects of the western and eastern parts of the island of Terschelling (Skylge) and have about 800 and 400 speakers respectively.
- Western Frisian, spoken by over 99% of the West Frisian-speaking population[citation needed]
References
[edit]- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forke, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2020). "Modern West Frisian". Glottolog 4.3.