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{{Short description|County in Texas, United States}}
{{Short description|County in Texas, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
{{Infobox U.S. county
| county = Rockwall County
| county = Rockwall County
| state = Texas
| state = Texas
| seal =
| seal =
| founded = 1873
| founded = 1873
| seat wl = Rockwall
| seat wl = Rockwall
| largest city wl = Dallas
| largest city wl = Rockwall
| area_total_sq_mi = 149
| area_total_sq_mi = 149
| area_land_sq_mi = 127
| area_land_sq_mi = 127
| area_water_sq_mi = 22
| area_water_sq_mi = 22
| area percentage = 15
| area percentage = 15
| census yr =2020
| census yr = 2020
| pop =107819
| pop = 107819 {{increase}}
| pop_est_as_of = 2021
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
| ex image = Rockwall county tx courthouse 2014.jpg
| density_sq_mi = 720
| ex image size = 250
| ex image cap = The Rockwall County Courthouse in Rockwall
| ex image = Rockwall county tx courthouse 2014.jpg
| ex image size = 250
| web = https://www.rockwallcountytexas.com
| ex image cap = The Rockwall County Courthouse in Rockwall
| time zone = Central
| web = https://www.rockwallcountytexas.com
| district = 4th
| time zone = Central
| demonym=Rockwallian
| district = 4th
|named for =[[Rockwall, Texas]], named in turn for its [[clastic dike]]s
| demonym = Rockwallian
| named for = [[Rockwall, Texas]], named in turn for its [[clastic dike]]s
}}
}}


'''Rockwall County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Texas]]. At 149 square miles, Rockwall County has the smallest area of any Texas county. Per the 2020 Census, its population was 107,819.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rockwall County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US48397|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 30, 2022}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Rockwall, Texas|Rockwall]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> The county and city are named for a wall-like subterranean rock formation that runs throughout the county.
'''Rockwall County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Texas]]. At 149 square miles (390 sq km), Rockwall County has the smallest area of any Texas county. Per the 2020 Census, its population was 107,819.<ref name="Rockwall County, Texas">{{Cite web|title=Rockwall County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US48397|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 30, 2022}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Rockwall, Texas|Rockwall]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> The county and city are named for a wall-like subterranean rock formation that runs throughout the county.


Rockwall County is part of the [[Dallas]]-[[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]]-[[Arlington, Texas|Arlington]] [[Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex|metropolitan statistical area]]. It was one of the top 25 fastest-growing counties in the U.S. in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|last=El Naser|first=Haya|date=2010-03-23|title=Texas big Census winner this decade|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/2010-03-23-census23_N.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-01-21|website=USA Today}}</ref> Rockwall County is listed as the [[Texas locations by per capita income|sixth-wealthiest county in Texas]].
Rockwall County is part of the [[Dallas]]-[[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]]-[[Arlington, Texas|Arlington]] [[Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex|metropolitan statistical area]]. It was one of the top 25 fastest-growing counties in the U.S. in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|last=El Naser|first=Haya|date=March 23, 2010|title=Texas big Census winner this decade|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/2010-03-23-census23_N.htm|access-date=January 21, 2020|website=USA Today}}</ref> Rockwall County is listed as the [[Texas locations by per capita income|sixth-wealthiest county in Texas]].


Cities in Rockwall county include Rockwall, [[Heath, Texas|Heath]], [[Royse City, Texas|Royse City]], [[Fate, Texas|Fate]], [[McLendon-Chisholm, Texas|McClendon-Chisholm]], [[Mobile City, Texas|Mobile City]], and part of [[Rowlett, Texas|Rowlett]].
Cities in Rockwall County include Rockwall, [[Heath, Texas|Heath]], [[Royse City, Texas|Royse City]], [[Fate, Texas|Fate]], [[McLendon-Chisholm, Texas|McClendon-Chisholm]], [[Mobile City, Texas|Mobile City]], and part of [[Rowlett, Texas|Rowlett]].


==History==
==History==
Rockwall County was formed in 1873 from portions of Kaufman County. It split off because access to the county seat of [[Kaufman, Texas|Kaufman]] was inconvenient. It was named for its county seat, Rockwall.
Rockwall County was formed in 1873 from portions of [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman County]]. It split off because access to the county seat of [[Kaufman, Texas|Kaufman]] was inconvenient. It was named for its county seat, Rockwall.
Rockwall County also is home to the great rock wall, which is no longer in public view today.
Rockwall County also is home to the great rock wall, which is no longer in public view today.
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2017/02/mysterious-rock-walls-rockwall-texas/|title=The Mysterious Rock Walls of Rockwall, Texas|date=February 28, 2017}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2017/02/mysterious-rock-walls-rockwall-texas/|title=The Mysterious Rock Walls of Rockwall, Texas|date=February 28, 2017}}</ref>
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===Major highways===
===Major highways===
* [[Image:I-30 (TX).svg|20px]] [[Interstate 30 (Texas)|Interstate 30]]
* [[Image:I-30 (TX).svg|20px]] [[Interstate 30 in Texas|Interstate 30]]
* [[Image:US 67.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 67 (Texas)|U.S. Highway 67]]
* [[Image:US 67.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 67 in Texas|U.S. Highway 67]]
* [[Image:Texas 66.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 66|State Highway 66]]
* [[Image:Texas 66.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 66|State Highway 66]]
* [[Image:Texas 205.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 205|State Highway 205]]
* [[Image:Texas 205.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 205|State Highway 205]]
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* [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman County]] (south)
* [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman County]] (south)
* [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]] (west)
* [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]] (west)

==Communities<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.county.org/about-texas-counties/county-data/Documents/towns.html|title=Population of Texas Cities and Towns Sorted by County|publisher=The County Information Project Texas Association of Counties|access-date=March 16, 2015}}</ref>==
{{div col}}
* [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]] (mostly in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]] with small parts in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin]], [[Denton County, Texas|Denton]], [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman]] and Rockwall counties)
* [[Fate, Texas|Fate]]
* [[Garland, Texas|Garland]] (mostly in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]] with a small part in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin County]])
* [[Heath, Texas|Heath]] (small part in [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman County]])
* [[McLendon-Chisholm, Texas|McLendon-Chisholm]]
* [[Mobile City, Texas|Mobile City]]
* [[Rockwall, Texas|Rockwall]] (county seat)
* [[Rowlett, Texas|Rowlett]] (mostly in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]])
* [[Royse City, Texas|Royse City]] (partly in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin]] and [[Hunt County, Texas|Hunt]] counties)
* [[Wylie, Texas|Wylie]] (mostly in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin County]] and a small part in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]])
{{div col end}}


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
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|2010= 78337
|2010= 78337
|2020= 107819
|2020= 107819
|estyear=
|estyear=2023
|estimate=
|estimate=131307
|estref=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing from 1790|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 24, 2022}}</ref><br />1850–2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/topics/ctypophistweb2010.pdf|title=Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010|publisher=Texas Almanac|access-date=May 9, 2015}}</ref> 2010–2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rockwall County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US48397|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 30, 2022}}</ref>}}
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br />1850–2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/topics/ctypophistweb2010.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/topics/ctypophistweb2010.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010|publisher=Texas Almanac|access-date=May 9, 2015}}</ref> 2010–2020<ref name="Rockwall County, Texas">{{Cite web|title=Rockwall County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US48397|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 30, 2022}}</ref>}}


===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Rockwall County, Texas - Demographic Profile'''<br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')
|+'''Rockwall County, Texas - Demographic Profile'''<br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')
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''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''
''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''


According to the [[census]] of 2000,<ref name="GR8">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=May 14, 2011|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> there were 43,080 people, 14,530 households, and 11,972 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|334|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. There were 15,351 housing units at an average density of {{convert|119|/mi2|/km2|adj=pre|units&nbsp;}}. The racial makeup of the county was 89.17% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 3.24% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.40% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 1.32% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.05% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 4.45% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.37% from two or more races. 11.07% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. By the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], its population increased to 107,819 with a racial and ethnic makeup of 65.11% non-Hispanic whites, 7.59% African Americans, 0.44% Native Americans, 3.07% Asians, 0.07% Pacific Islanders, 0.32% some other race, 4.34% multiracial, and 19.07% Hispanic or Latino of any race.<ref name="2020CensusP2" />
===2000 Census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR8">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-05-14|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 43,080 people, 14,530 households, and 11,972 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was 334 people per square mile (129/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 15,351 housing units at an average density of 119 per square&nbsp;mile (46/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the county was 89.17% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 3.24% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.40% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 1.32% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.05% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 4.45% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.37% from two or more races. 11.07% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 14,530 households, out of which 44.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.00% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.60% were non-families. 14.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92 and the average family size was 3.23.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 30.10% under the age of 18, 7.00% from 18 to 24, 31.10% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 8.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $65,164, and the median income for a family was $71,448 (these figures had risen to $75,915 and $82,150 respectively as of a 2007 estimate<ref>[https://archive.today/20200211181005/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=05000US48157&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US48%7C05000US48157&_street=&_county=rockwall+county&_cityTown=rockwall+county&_state=04000US48&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=050&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_SAFF&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null:null&_keyword=&_industry= U.S. Census Bureau Fact Finder]</ref>). Males had a median income of $49,636 versus $32,410 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $28,573. About 3.80% of families and 4.70% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 5.60% of those under age 18 and 4.10% of those age 65 or over.

Rockwall County was ranked the sixth fastest-growing county in the nation by the US Census Bureau from 2000 to 2010, adding 35,257 people (an 81.8% change).


==Education==
==Education==
The following school districts serve Rockwall County:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48397_rockwall/DC20SD_C48397.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614174618/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48397_rockwall/DC20SD_C48397.pdf |archive-date=June 14, 2021 |url-status=live|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Rockwall County, TX|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=June 30, 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48397_rockwall/DC20SD_C48397_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>
The following school districts serve Rockwall County:
* [[Rockwall Independent School District]] (small portion in Kaufman County)
* [[Rockwall Independent School District]] (small portion in Kaufman County)
* [[Royse City Independent School District]] (small portion in Collin, Hunt counties)
* [[Royse City Independent School District]] (small portion in Collin, Hunt counties)


From 1997 to 2015 the number of non-Hispanic white children in K-12 schools in the county increased by 6,000 as part of a trend of [[white flight]] and suburbanization by non-Hispanic white families.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2020-02-10|title=Texas Education Agency - Student Enrollment Reports, by Grade, Gender and Ethnicity|url=https://rptsvr1.tea.texas.gov/adhocrpt/adste.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-21|website=Texas Education Agency}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Nicholson, Eric|url=https://www.dallasobserver.com/news/in-dallas-white-flight-never-ends-8265092|title=In Dallas, White Flight Never Ends|work=[[Dallas Observer]]|date=2016-05-03|access-date=2019-10-29}}</ref>
From 1997 to 2015 the number of non-Hispanic white children in K-12 schools in the county increased by 6,000 as part of a trend of [[white flight]] and suburbanization by non-Hispanic white families.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=February 10, 2020|title=Texas Education Agency - Student Enrollment Reports, by Grade, Gender and Ethnicity|url=https://rptsvr1.tea.texas.gov/adhocrpt/adste.html|access-date=January 21, 2021|website=Texas Education Agency}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Nicholson, Eric|url=https://www.dallasobserver.com/news/in-dallas-white-flight-never-ends-8265092|title=In Dallas, White Flight Never Ends|work=[[Dallas Observer]]|date=May 3, 2016|access-date=October 29, 2019}}</ref>


[[Collin College]]'s official service area includes all of Rockwall County.<ref>[https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.130.htm Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.175. COLLIN COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.]</ref>
==Communities<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.county.org/about-texas-counties/county-data/Documents/towns.html|title=Population of Texas Cities and Towns Sorted by County|publisher=The County Information Project Texas Association of Counties|access-date=16 March 2015}}</ref>==
{{div col}}
* [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]] (mostly in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]] with small parts in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin]], [[Denton County, Texas|Denton]], [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman]] and Rockwall counties)
* [[Fate, Texas|Fate]]
* [[Garland, Texas|Garland]] (mostly in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]] with a small part in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin County]])
* [[Heath, Texas|Heath]] (small part in [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman County]])
* [[McLendon-Chisholm, Texas|McLendon-Chisholm]]
* [[Mobile City, Texas|Mobile City]]
* [[Rockwall, Texas|Rockwall]] (county seat)
* [[Rowlett, Texas|Rowlett]] (mostly in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]])
* [[Royse City, Texas|Royse City]] (partly in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin]] and [[Hunt County, Texas|Hunt]] counties)
* [[Wylie, Texas|Wylie]] (mostly in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin County]] and a small part in [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas County]])
{{div col end}}


==Politics==
==Politics==
Prior to 1972, Rockwall County was a Democratic stronghold. The 1968 election was highly transitional for the county with [[Hubert Humphrey]] only winning with 39% of the vote thanks to the strong third-party candidacy of [[George Wallace]]. From 1972 on, the county has become a Republican stronghold. [[George H.W. Bush]] in 1992 has been the only Republican to fail to win a majority in the county since then, as the strong third-party candidacy of [[Ross Perot]] that year led him to a second-place finish in the county over national winner [[Bill Clinton]]. However, the county was represented in Congress by a Democrat as late as January 2004, when Representative & Rockwall resident [[Ralph Hall]], a conservative Democrat, switched parties and became a Republican.
Prior to 1972, Rockwall County was a Democratic stronghold. The 1968 election was highly transitional for the county with [[Hubert Humphrey]] only winning with 39% of the vote thanks to the strong third-party candidacy of [[George Wallace]]. From 1972 on, the county has become a Republican stronghold. [[George H. W. Bush]] in 1992 has been the only Republican to fail to win a majority in the county since then, as the strong third-party candidacy of [[Ross Perot]] that year led him to a second-place finish in the county over national winner [[Bill Clinton]]. However, the county was represented in Congress by a Democrat as late as January 2004, when Representative and Rockwall resident [[Ralph Hall]], a conservative Democrat, switched parties and became a Republican.

However, in recent years, especially as the Dallas-Fort Worth Metro area continues to grow and spill over into neighboring counties, the county's Republican bent has lessened a bit. Native son [[George W. Bush]] registered 78% of the vote here in 2004, however, in 2020, [[Joe Biden]] turned in the best showing for the Democrats since [[Jimmy Carter]]'s 32.10% in 1980 by getting 30.45%, besting even [[Barack Obama]]'s 2008 margin of 26.40% (one of several counties across the country where Biden did better than Obama), and also the first time Democrats have cracked 30% of the vote here since Carter's 1980 run. [[Donald Trump]]'s 68.15% margin is the lowest for Republicans since [[Bob Dole]]'s 65.01% in 1996.


=== Local government ===
=== Local government ===
Rockwall County is divided into four precincts, each represented by a [[County judge|County Commissioner]].
Rockwall County is divided into four precincts, each represented by a [[County judge|County Commissioner]].


As of the most recent elections in 2020, all four Commissioners are Republicans.{{Hidden begin
As of the most recent elections in 2020, all four Commissioners are Republicans.{{PresHead|place=Rockwall County, Texas|whig=no|source1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=July 29, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP/Whig vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
|titlestyle = background:#ccccff;
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|36,726|16,412|753|Texas}}
|title = Presidential election results
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|28,451|9,655|2,074|Texas}}
}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|27,113|8,120|531|Texas}}
{| align="center" border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|23,300|8,492|370|Texas}}
|+ '''Presidential election results'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=2018-07-29}}</ref>
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|20,120|5,320|141|Texas}}
|- bgcolor=lightgrey
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|13,666|3,642|344|Texas}}
! Year
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|8,319|3,289|1,188|Texas}}
! [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|6,427|2,397|4,445|Texas}}
! [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|7,214|2,659|66|Texas}}
! [[Third Party (United States)|Third parties]]
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|6,688|1,639|22|Texas}}
|-
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|4,036|1,985|163|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 2020|2020]]'''
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|2,087|1,828|21|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''68.2%''' ''36,726''
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|1,890|610|18|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|30.5% ''16,412''
{{PresRow|1968|Democratic|614|778|583|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.4% ''753''
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|445|1,305|5|Texas}}
|-
{{PresRow|1960|Democratic|652|917|14|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 2016|2016]]'''
{{PresRow|1956|Democratic|657|920|6|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''70.8%''' ''28,451''
{{PresRow|1952|Democratic|602|1,175|8|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|24.0% ''9,655''
{{PresRow|1948|Democratic|117|947|188|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|5.2% ''2,074''
{{PresRow|1944|Democratic|98|1,153|107|Texas}}
|-
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|95|1,510|0|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 2012|2012]]'''
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|26|1,168|1|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''75.8%''' ''27,113''
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|62|1,237|0|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|22.7% ''8,120''
{{PresRow|1928|Democratic|289|850|0|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.5% ''531''
{{PresRow|1924|Democratic|93|1,371|7|Texas}}
|-
{{PresRow|1920|Democratic|104|873|17|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 2008|2008]]'''
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|27|828|17|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''72.5%''' ''23,300''
{{PresFoot|1912|Democratic|0|642|28|Texas}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|26.4% ''8,492''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.2% ''370''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 2004|2004]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''78.7%''' ''20,120''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|20.8% ''5,320''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.6% ''141''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 2000|2000]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''77.4%''' ''13,666''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|20.6% ''3,642''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|2.0% ''344''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1996|1996]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''65.0%''' ''8,319''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|25.7% ''3,289''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|9.3% ''1,188''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1992|1992]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''48.4%''' ''6,427''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|18.1% ''2,397''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|33.5% ''4,445''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1988|1988]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''72.6%''' ''7,214''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|26.8% ''2,659''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.7% ''66''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1984|1984]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''80.1%''' ''6,688''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|19.6% ''1,639''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.3% ''22''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1980|1980]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''65.3%''' ''4,036''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|32.1% ''1,985''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|2.6% ''163''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1976|1976]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''53.0%''' ''2,087''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|46.4% ''1,828''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.5% ''21''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1972|1972]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''75.1%''' ''1,890''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|24.2% ''610''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.7% ''18''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1968|1968]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|31.1% ''614''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''39.4%''' ''778''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|29.5% ''583''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1964|1964]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|25.4% ''445''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''74.4%''' ''1,305''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.3% ''5''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1960|1960]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|41.2% ''652''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''57.9%''' ''917''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.9% ''14''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1956|1956]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|41.5% ''657''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''58.1%''' ''920''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.4% ''6''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1952|1952]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|33.7% ''602''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''65.8%''' ''1,175''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.5% ''8''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[United States presidential election in Texas, 1948|1948]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|9.4% ''117''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''75.6%''' ''947''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|15.0% ''188''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1944 United States presidential election|1944]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|7.2% ''98''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''84.9%''' ''1,153''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|7.9% ''107''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1940 United States presidential election|1940]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|5.9% ''95''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''94.1%''' ''1,510''
| style="text-align:center;|
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1936 United States presidential election|1936]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|2.2% ''26''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''97.7%''' ''1,168''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.1% ''1''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1932 United States presidential election|1932]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|4.8% ''62''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''95.2%''' ''1,237''
| style="text-align:center;|
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1928 United States presidential election|1928]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|25.4% ''289''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''74.6%''' ''850''
| style="text-align:center;|
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1924 United States presidential election|1924]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|6.3% ''93''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''93.2%''' ''1,371''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.5% ''7''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1920 United States presidential election|1920]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|10.5% ''104''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''87.8%''' ''873''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|1.7% ''17''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1916 United States presidential election|1916]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|3.1% ''27''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''95.0%''' ''828''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|2.0% ''17''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1912 United States presidential election|1912]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|0.0% ''0''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''95.8%''' ''642''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|4.2% ''28''
|}
{{Hidden end}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 340: Line 213:


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 02:04, 27 April 2024

Rockwall County
County
The Rockwall County Courthouse in Rockwall
The Rockwall County Courthouse in Rockwall
Map of Texas highlighting Rockwall County
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Map of the United States highlighting Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 32°53′N 96°25′W / 32.89°N 96.41°W / 32.89; -96.41
Country United States
State Texas
Founded1873
Named forRockwall, Texas, named in turn for its clastic dikes
SeatRockwall
Largest cityRockwall
Area
 • Total149 sq mi (390 km2)
 • Land127 sq mi (330 km2)
 • Water22 sq mi (60 km2)  15%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total107,819 Increase
 • Density720/sq mi (280/km2)
DemonymRockwallian
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district4th
Websitewww.rockwallcountytexas.com

Rockwall County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. At 149 square miles (390 sq km), Rockwall County has the smallest area of any Texas county. Per the 2020 Census, its population was 107,819.[1] Its county seat is Rockwall.[2] The county and city are named for a wall-like subterranean rock formation that runs throughout the county.

Rockwall County is part of the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington metropolitan statistical area. It was one of the top 25 fastest-growing counties in the U.S. in 2010.[3] Rockwall County is listed as the sixth-wealthiest county in Texas.

Cities in Rockwall County include Rockwall, Heath, Royse City, Fate, McClendon-Chisholm, Mobile City, and part of Rowlett.

History

Rockwall County was formed in 1873 from portions of Kaufman County. It split off because access to the county seat of Kaufman was inconvenient. It was named for its county seat, Rockwall. Rockwall County also is home to the great rock wall, which is no longer in public view today. [4]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 149 square miles (390 km2), of which 127 square miles (330 km2) are land and 22 square miles (57 km2) (15%) are covered by water.[5] It is the smallest county by area in Texas.

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Communities[6]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18802,984—
18905,972100.1%
19008,53142.8%
19108,072−5.4%
19208,5916.4%
19307,658−10.9%
19407,051−7.9%
19506,156−12.7%
19605,878−4.5%
19707,04619.9%
198014,528106.2%
199025,60476.2%
200043,08068.3%
201078,33781.8%
2020107,81937.6%
2023 (est.)131,30721.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1850–2010[8] 2010–2020[1]
Rockwall County, Texas - Demographic Profile
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Race / Ethnicity Pop 2010[9] Pop 2020[10] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 58,046 70,198 74.10% 65.11%
Black or African American alone (NH) 4,397 8,179 5.61% 7.59%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 345 479 0.44% 0.44%
Asian alone (NH) 1,850 3,306 2.36% 3.07%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 47 75 0.06% 0.07%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 116 344 0.15% 0.32%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) 1,066 4,678 1.36% 4.34%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 12,470 20,560 15.92% 19.07%
Total 78,337 107,819 100.00% 100.00%

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

According to the census of 2000,[11] there were 43,080 people, 14,530 households, and 11,972 families residing in the county. The population density was 334 people per square mile (129 people/km2). There were 15,351 housing units at an average density of 119 units per square mile (46/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 89.17% White, 3.24% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 1.32% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.45% from other races, and 1.37% from two or more races. 11.07% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. By the 2020 census, its population increased to 107,819 with a racial and ethnic makeup of 65.11% non-Hispanic whites, 7.59% African Americans, 0.44% Native Americans, 3.07% Asians, 0.07% Pacific Islanders, 0.32% some other race, 4.34% multiracial, and 19.07% Hispanic or Latino of any race.[10]

Education

The following school districts serve Rockwall County:[12]

From 1997 to 2015 the number of non-Hispanic white children in K-12 schools in the county increased by 6,000 as part of a trend of white flight and suburbanization by non-Hispanic white families.[13][14]

Collin College's official service area includes all of Rockwall County.[15]

Politics

Prior to 1972, Rockwall County was a Democratic stronghold. The 1968 election was highly transitional for the county with Hubert Humphrey only winning with 39% of the vote thanks to the strong third-party candidacy of George Wallace. From 1972 on, the county has become a Republican stronghold. George H. W. Bush in 1992 has been the only Republican to fail to win a majority in the county since then, as the strong third-party candidacy of Ross Perot that year led him to a second-place finish in the county over national winner Bill Clinton. However, the county was represented in Congress by a Democrat as late as January 2004, when Representative and Rockwall resident Ralph Hall, a conservative Democrat, switched parties and became a Republican.

However, in recent years, especially as the Dallas-Fort Worth Metro area continues to grow and spill over into neighboring counties, the county's Republican bent has lessened a bit. Native son George W. Bush registered 78% of the vote here in 2004, however, in 2020, Joe Biden turned in the best showing for the Democrats since Jimmy Carter's 32.10% in 1980 by getting 30.45%, besting even Barack Obama's 2008 margin of 26.40% (one of several counties across the country where Biden did better than Obama), and also the first time Democrats have cracked 30% of the vote here since Carter's 1980 run. Donald Trump's 68.15% margin is the lowest for Republicans since Bob Dole's 65.01% in 1996.

Local government

Rockwall County is divided into four precincts, each represented by a County Commissioner.

As of the most recent elections in 2020, all four Commissioners are Republicans.

United States presidential election results for Rockwall County, Texas[16]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 36,726 68.15% 16,412 30.45% 753 1.40%
2016 28,451 70.81% 9,655 24.03% 2,074 5.16%
2012 27,113 75.81% 8,120 22.70% 531 1.48%
2008 23,300 72.45% 8,492 26.40% 370 1.15%
2004 20,120 78.65% 5,320 20.80% 141 0.55%
2000 13,666 77.42% 3,642 20.63% 344 1.95%
1996 8,319 65.01% 3,289 25.70% 1,188 9.28%
1992 6,427 48.44% 2,397 18.06% 4,445 33.50%
1988 7,214 72.58% 2,659 26.75% 66 0.66%
1984 6,688 80.11% 1,639 19.63% 22 0.26%
1980 4,036 65.27% 1,985 32.10% 163 2.64%
1976 2,087 53.02% 1,828 46.44% 21 0.53%
1972 1,890 75.06% 610 24.23% 18 0.71%
1968 614 31.09% 778 39.39% 583 29.52%
1964 445 25.36% 1,305 74.36% 5 0.28%
1960 652 41.19% 917 57.93% 14 0.88%
1956 657 41.50% 920 58.12% 6 0.38%
1952 602 33.73% 1,175 65.83% 8 0.45%
1948 117 9.35% 947 75.64% 188 15.02%
1944 98 7.22% 1,153 84.90% 107 7.88%
1940 95 5.92% 1,510 94.08% 0 0.00%
1936 26 2.18% 1,168 97.74% 1 0.08%
1932 62 4.77% 1,237 95.23% 0 0.00%
1928 289 25.37% 850 74.63% 0 0.00%
1924 93 6.32% 1,371 93.20% 7 0.48%
1920 104 10.46% 873 87.83% 17 1.71%
1916 27 3.10% 828 94.95% 17 1.95%
1912 0 0.00% 642 95.82% 28 4.18%

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Rockwall County, Texas". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ El Naser, Haya (March 23, 2010). "Texas big Census winner this decade". USA Today. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
  4. ^ "The Mysterious Rock Walls of Rockwall, Texas". February 28, 2017.
  5. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
  6. ^ "Population of Texas Cities and Towns Sorted by County". The County Information Project Texas Association of Counties. Retrieved March 16, 2015.
  7. ^ "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades". US Census Bureau.
  8. ^ "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
  9. ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Rockwall County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
  10. ^ a b "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Rockwall County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
  11. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  12. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Rockwall County, TX" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 14, 2021. Retrieved June 30, 2022. - Text list
  13. ^ "Texas Education Agency - Student Enrollment Reports, by Grade, Gender and Ethnicity". Texas Education Agency. February 10, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  14. ^ Nicholson, Eric (May 3, 2016). "In Dallas, White Flight Never Ends". Dallas Observer. Retrieved October 29, 2019.
  15. ^ Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.175. COLLIN COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.
  16. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved July 29, 2018.

32°53′N 96°25′W / 32.89°N 96.41°W / 32.89; -96.41

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