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Each of the three Synoptic Gospels tells of Jesus healing the blind near Jericho, as he passed through that town, shortly before his passion.

The Gospel of Mark tells of the curing of a man named Bartimaeus, healed by Jesus as he is leaving Jericho. The Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke include different versions of this story.

Narrative

The Gospel of Mark (10:46–52) tells of the curing of a blind beggar named Bartimaeus (literally "Son of Timaeus"). He is one of the few recipients of healing whose names evangelists let us know. As Jesus is leaving Jericho with his followers, Bartimaeus calls out: 'Son of David, have mercy on me!' and persists even though the crowd tries to silence him. Jesus has them bring the man to him and asks him what he wants; he asks to be able to see. Jesus tells him that his faith has cured him; he immediately receives his sight and follows Jesus.

Apart from telling a miracle story that shows the power of Jesus, the author of the Gospel uses this story to advance a clearly theological purpose. It shows a character who understands who Jesus is and the proper way to respond to him – with faith. The beggar, on being called to Jesus, discards his cloak, symbolizing the leaving behind of possessions. And the use of the title 'Son of David' – the only occasion on which this is used in the Gospel of Mark – serves to identify Jesus as the Messiah.^[1] It was also a reference to Jesus' kingly authority, which the Jews would have seen as placing him at odds with Caesar. The emperor was the perceived proper referent of the call of kyrie eleison, as he would have been referred to as kyrios in Greek ('lord' in English).^[2]

The Gospel of Matthew has two unnamed blind men, sitting by the roadside; Jesus is 'moved by compassion' and touches their eyes. 20:29–34 A version of the same story is told earlier in the narrative, when Jesus is preaching in Galilee. On this occasion, he asks the blind men if they believe he can cure them, and when they assure him that they do, he commends their faith and touches their eyes, restoring their sight. He warns them to tell nobody of this, but they go and spread the news throughout the district. (Matthew 9:27-31)

The Gospel of Luke 18:35–43 handles the story in a different way; there is one unnamed blind man, and the author shifts the incident to take place as Jesus is approaching Jericho, so it can lead into the story of Zacchaeus.^[3]

Son of David

Vernon K. Robbins emphasizes that the healing of Bartimaeus is the last of Jesus’ healings in Mark, and links Jesus' earlier teaching about the suffering and death of the Son of Man with his Son of David activity in Jerusalem.^[4]^[5] The story blends the Markan emphasis on the disciples' 'blindness' – their inability to understand the nature of Jesus' messiahship – with the necessity of following Jesus into Jerusalem, where his suffering and death make him recognizable to Gentiles^{[clarification needed]} as Son of God (see Mark 15:39 where, at the crucifixion, the Roman centurion says "surely this man was son of God").^[6]

Paula Fredriksen, who believes that titles such as "Son of David" were applied to Jesus only after the crucifixion and resurrection, argued that Mark and Matthew placed that healing with the proclamation "Son of David!" just before "Jesus' departure for Jerusalem, the long-foreshadowed site of his sufferings."^[7] The title "Son of David" is a messianic name.^[8]^[9] Thus, Bartimaeus' exclamation was, according to Mark, the first public acknowledgement of the Christ, after St. Peter's private confession at Mark 8:27–30.

Bartimaeus

The naming of Bartimaeus is unusual in several respects: (a) the fact that a name is given at all, (b) the strange Semitic-Greek hybrid, with (c) an explicit translation "Son of Timaeus." Some scholars see this as confirmation of a reference to a historical person;^[10] however, other scholars see a special significance of the story in the figurative reference to Plato's Timaeus who delivers Plato's most important cosmological and theological treatise, involving sight as the foundation of knowledge.^[11]

Notes

^ Stephen Ahearne-Kroll, The Psalms of Lament in Mark's Passion: Jesus' Davidic Suffering (Cambridge University Press, 2007) pages 138-140
^ "Kyrie Eleison". Encyclopedia.com.
^ Luke Timothy Johnson, The Gospel of Luke (Liturgical Press, 1991) page 283.
^ Jesus the Teacher: A Socio-Rhetorical Interpretation of Mark by Vernon K. Robbins 2009, ISBN 978-0-8006-2595-5. 41-43.
^ Vernon K. Robbins, “The Healing of the Blind Bartimaeus (10:46-52) in the Marcan Theology” Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of Biblical Literature 92 (1973), 224-243
^ Vernon K. Robbins, "The Reversed Contextualization of Psalm 22 in the Markan Crucifixion: A Socio-Rhetorical Analysis" [1] Archived 2018-12-21 at the Wayback Machine (1992)
^ Fredriksen, From Jesus to Christ, p. 181.
^ "Reflections: The blind Bartimaeus: Mark 10:46-52," October 24, 2009, The Manila Bulletin, The Manila Bulletin website Archived 2009-10-26 at the Wayback Machine, citing365 Days with the Lord, (St. Paul's, Makati City, Philippines) from St. Paul's website ^{[dead link]}^{[dead link]}, accessed October 28, 2009.
^ Barrie Wetherill, "Jesus cures blind Bartimaeus," from The Life of Jesus Christ, found at EasyEnglish Bible study. Accessed October 28, 2009.
^ Vincent Taylor. The Gospel according to St. Mark. 1966 St. Martin's Press Inc. p 448.
^ Mary Ann Tolbert, Sowing the Gospel: Mark's World in Literary-Historical Perspective 1996, Fortress Press. p189.

References

Paula Fredriksen, From Jesus to Christ (2000), ISBN 0-300-08457-9
Vernon K. Robbins, Jesus the Teacher: A Socio-Rhetorical Interpretation of Mark 2009, ISBN 978-0-8006-2595-5

[1] Stephen Ahearne-Kroll, The Psalms of Lament in Mark's Passion: Jesus' Davidic Suffering (Cambridge University Press, 2007) pages 138-140

[2] "Kyrie Eleison". Encyclopedia.com.

[3] Luke Timothy Johnson, The Gospel of Luke (Liturgical Press, 1991) page 283.

[Vernon41-4] Jesus the Teacher: A Socio-Rhetorical Interpretation of Mark by Vernon K. Robbins 2009, ISBN 978-0-8006-2595-5. 41-43.

[5] Vernon K. Robbins, “The Healing of the Blind Bartimaeus (10:46-52) in the Marcan Theology” Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of Biblical Literature 92 (1973), 224-243

[6] Vernon K. Robbins, "The Reversed Contextualization of Psalm 22 in the Markan Crucifixion: A Socio-Rhetorical Analysis" [1] Archived 2018-12-21 at the Wayback Machine (1992)

[7] Fredriksen, From Jesus to Christ, p. 181.

[Manila-8] "Reflections: The blind Bartimaeus: Mark 10:46-52," October 24, 2009, The Manila Bulletin, The Manila Bulletin website Archived 2009-10-26 at the Wayback Machine, citing365 Days with the Lord, (St. Paul's, Makati City, Philippines) from St. Paul's website ^{[dead link]}^{[dead link]}, accessed October 28, 2009.

[Bible_study-9] Barrie Wetherill, "Jesus cures blind Bartimaeus," from The Life of Jesus Christ, found at EasyEnglish Bible study. Accessed October 28, 2009.

[10] Vincent Taylor. The Gospel according to St. Mark. 1966 St. Martin's Press Inc. p 448.

[11] Mary Ann Tolbert, Sowing the Gospel: Mark's World in Literary-Historical Perspective 1996, Fortress Press. p189.

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+{{Short description|Miracle carried out by Jesus according to the Bible}}
-[[File:Christus Bartimaeus Johann Heinrich Stoever Erbach Rheingau.JPG|thumb|250px|Jesus healing blind Bartimaeus, by Johann Heinrich Stöver, 1861.]]
+[[File:Christus Bartimaeus Johann Heinrich Stoever Erbach Rheingau.JPG|thumb|250px|Jesus healing blind Bartimaeus, by Johann Heinrich Stöver, 1861]]
 Each of the three [[Synoptic Gospels]] tells of [[Jesus]] '''healing the blind near Jericho''', as he passed through that town, shortly before his [[Passion (Christianity)|passion]].
-The [[Gospel of Mark]] tells of the cure of a man named Bartimaeus healed by Jesus as he is leaving [[Jericho]]. The [[Gospel of Matthew]] and the [[Gospel of Luke]] include different versions of this story.
+The [[Gospel of Mark]] tells of the curing of a man named '''Bartimaeus''', healed by Jesus as he is leaving [[Jericho]]. The [[Gospel of Matthew]] and the [[Gospel of Luke]] include different versions of this story.
-==Narrative development==
+==Narrative==
-The earliest version is in the  [[Gospel of Mark]] ({{bibleverse-nb||Mark|10:46-52|NRSV}}) which tells of the cure of a blind beggar named Bartimaeus (literally "Son of Timaeus"). He is one of the few recipients of healing whose names evangelists let us know. Theologian [[Oleg Molenko]] (Uryupin) attributes this detail to the fact that these people had been definitely saved and served the Church in their lifetime unlike those whose names evangelists did not disclose. For example, in another instance of a man who had been an [[Disability|invalid]] for 38 years who waited for the movement of the water in a pool in the [[Gospel of John]] ({{bibleverse-nb||John|5:2-15|NRSV}}) and whose name remains unknown, Jesus cures that sick person and warns him about the consequences in case he reverts to doing things that brought him to the condition of infirmity of which he's now restored ({{bibleverse-nb||John|5:14|NRSV}}), as yet he might have had inclination towards sin. Unlike him, healed Bartimaeus follows Jesus immediately, which led the evangelist Mark to include his name in the narrative. Bartimaeus also teaches us a [[Jesus Prayer]], "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!", and, its result, an acquiring spiritual eyesight, the sign of which was his restored ability to see. <ref>Father Oleg Molenko, theologian, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQLsbxTU7Vs sermon "How can a blind person recover his sight through the name of Christ? (Russian: Как прозреть слепому силой имени Христа?)"], ''[[Youtube]]'', minutes 18-20, Finland, September, 2017.</ref>
+The [[Gospel of Mark]] ({{bibleverse-nb||Mark|10:46-52|NRSV}}) tells of the curing of a blind beggar named Bartimaeus (literally "Son of Timaeus"). He is one of the few recipients of healing whose names evangelists let us know. As Jesus is leaving Jericho with his followers, Bartimaeus calls out:  'Son of David, have mercy on me!' and persists even though the crowd tries to silence him. Jesus has them bring the man to him and asks him what he wants; he asks to be able to see. Jesus tells him that his faith has cured him; he immediately receives his sight and follows Jesus.
+Apart from telling a miracle story that shows the power of Jesus, the author of the Gospel uses this story to advance a clearly theological purpose. It shows a character who understands who Jesus is and the proper way to respond to him – with faith. The beggar, on being called to Jesus, discards his cloak, symbolizing the leaving behind of possessions. And the use of the title 'Son of David' – the only occasion on which this is used in the Gospel of Mark – serves to identify Jesus as the Messiah.<ref>Stephen Ahearne-Kroll, The Psalms of Lament in Mark's Passion: Jesus' Davidic Suffering (Cambridge University Press, 2007) pages 138-140</ref> It was also a reference to Jesus' kingly authority, which the Jews would have seen as placing him at odds with Caesar. The emperor was the perceived proper referent of the call of ''kyrie eleison'', as he would have been referred to as ''kyrios'' in Greek ('lord' in English).<ref>{{cite web |title=Kyrie Eleison |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/christianity/roman-catholic-and-orthodox-churches-liturgy-hymns-and-prayers/kyrie-eleison |website=Encyclopedia.com}}</ref>
-As Jesus is leaving Jericho with his followers, Bartimaeus calls out:  'Son of David, have mercy on me!' and persists even though the crowd tries to silence him. Jesus has them bring the man to him and asks what he wants; he asks to be able to see again. Jesus tells him that his faith has cured him; he immediately regains his sight and follows Jesus.
+The [[Gospel of Matthew]] has two unnamed blind men, sitting by the roadside; Jesus is 'moved by compassion' and touches their eyes. {{bibleverse-nb||Matthew|20:29-34|NRSV}} A version of the same story is told earlier in the narrative, when Jesus is preaching in Galilee. On this occasion, he asks the blind men if they believe he can cure them, and when they assure him that they do, he commends their faith and touches their eyes, restoring their sight.  He warns them to tell nobody of this, but they go and spread the news throughout the district. ([http://bible.oremus.org/?ql=305470137 Matthew 9:27-31])
-Apart from telling a miracle story that shows the power of Jesus, the author of the Gospel uses this story to advance a clearly theological purpose. It shows a character who understands who Jesus is and the proper way to respond to him - with faith. The beggar, on being called to Jesus, discards his cloak, symbolising the leaving behind of possessions.  And the use of the title, 'Son of David' - the only occasion on which this is used in the Gospel of Mark - serves to identify Jesus as the Messiah.<ref>Stephen Ahearne-Kroll, The Psalms of Lament in Mark's Passion: Jesus' Davidic Suffering (Cambridge University Press, 2007) pages 138-140</ref>
-The [[Gospel of Matthew]] has two unnamed blind men, sitting by the roadside; Jesus is 'moved by compassion' and touches their eyes. {{bibleverse-nb||Matthew|20:29-34|NRSV}} A version of the same story is told earlier in the narrative, when Jesus is preaching in Galilee. On this occasion, he asks the blind men if they believe he can cure them, and when they assure them they do, he commends their faith and touches their eyes, restoring their sight.  He warns them to tell nobody of this, but they go and spread the news throughout the district. ([http://bible.oremus.org/?ql=305470137 Matthew 9:27-31])
 The [[Gospel of Luke]] {{bibleverse-nb||Luke|18:35-43|NRSV}} handles the story in a different way; there is one unnamed blind man, and the author shifts the incident to take place as Jesus is approaching Jericho, so it can lead into the story of [[Zacchaeus]].<ref>Luke Timothy Johnson, The Gospel of Luke (Liturgical Press, 1991) page 283.</ref>
 ==Son of David==
-[[Vernon K. Robbins]] emphasizes that the healing of Bartimaeus is the last of Jesus’ healings in Mark, and links Jesus’ earlier teaching about the suffering and death of the Son of Man with his Son of David activity in Jerusalem.<ref name=Vernon41>''Jesus the Teacher: A Socio-Rhetorical Interpretation of Mark'' by Vernon K. Robbins 2009, {{ISBN|978-0-8006-2595-5}}. 41-43.</ref><ref>Vernon K. Robbins, [http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/Pdfs/Bartimaeus.pdf “The Healing of the Blind Bartimaeus (10:46-52) in the Marcan Theology”], ''Journal of Biblical Literature'' 92 (1973), 224-243</ref> The story blends the Markan emphasis on the disciples’ 'blindness' - their inability to understand the nature of Jesus’ messiahship - with the necessity of following Jesus into Jerusalem, where his suffering and death make him recognizable to Gentiles{{Clarification needed}} as Son of God.<ref>Vernon K. Robbins, "The Reversed Contextualization of Psalm 22 in the Markan Crucifixion: A Socio-Rhetorical Analysis" [http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/Pdfs/ReversedPs22Mark15.pdf] (1992)</ref>
+[[Vernon K. Robbins]] emphasizes that the healing of Bartimaeus is the last of Jesus’ healings in Mark, and links Jesus' earlier teaching about the suffering and death of the Son of Man with his Son of David activity in Jerusalem.<ref name=Vernon41>''Jesus the Teacher: A Socio-Rhetorical Interpretation of Mark'' by Vernon K. Robbins 2009, {{ISBN|978-0-8006-2595-5}}. 41-43.</ref><ref>Vernon K. Robbins, [http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/Pdfs/Bartimaeus.pdf “The Healing of the Blind Bartimaeus (10:46-52) in the Marcan Theology”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924085901/http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/Pdfs/Bartimaeus.pdf |date=2015-09-24 }}, ''Journal of Biblical Literature'' 92 (1973), 224-243</ref> The story blends the Markan emphasis on the disciples' 'blindness' – their inability to understand the nature of Jesus' messiahship – with the necessity of following Jesus into Jerusalem, where his suffering and death make him recognizable to Gentiles{{Clarify|date=August 2018}} as Son of God (see Mark 15:39 where, at the crucifixion, the Roman centurion says "surely this man was son of God").<ref>Vernon K. Robbins, "The Reversed Contextualization of Psalm 22 in the Markan Crucifixion: A Socio-Rhetorical Analysis" [http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/Pdfs/ReversedPs22Mark15.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221133423/http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/Pdfs/ReversedPs22Mark15.pdf |date=2018-12-21 }} (1992)</ref>
-[[Paula Fredriksen]], who believes that titles such as "[[Davidic line|Son of David]]" were applied to Jesus only after the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|crucifixion]] and [[Resurrection of Jesus|resurrection]], argued that Mark and Matthew placed that healing with the proclamation "Son of David!" just before "Jesus' departure for [[Jerusalem]], the long-foreshadowed site of his sufferings."<ref>Fredriksen, ''From Jesus to Christ'', p. 181.</ref>  The title "Son of David" is a [[Messiah|messianic]] name.<ref name="Manila">"Reflections: The blind Bartimaeus: Mark 10:46-52," October 24, 2009, ''The Manila Bulletin'', [http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/226313/the-blind-bartimaeus The Manila Bulletin website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026044432/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/226313/the-blind-bartimaeus |date=2009-10-26 }}, citing''365 Days with the Lord,'' (St. Paul's, Makati City, Philippines) from [http://www.stpauls.phstorefronts St. Paul's website (dead link)]{{dead link|date=December 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, accessed October 28, 2009.</ref><ref name="Bible study">Barrie Wetherill, "Jesus cures blind Bartimaeus," from ''The Life of Jesus Christ'', found at [http://www.easyenglish.info/bible-study/jesus-life/jesus_cures_blind_bartimaeus.htm easy English Bible study].  Accessed October 28, 2009.</ref> Thus, Bartimaeus' exclamation was, according to Mark, the first ''public'' acknowledgement of the [[Christ]], after [[Confession of Peter|St. Peter's ''private'' confession]] at Mark {{bibleverse-nb||Mark|8:27–30|NIV}}.
+[[Paula Fredriksen]], who believes that titles such as "[[Davidic line|Son of David]]" were applied to Jesus only after the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|crucifixion]] and [[Resurrection of Jesus|resurrection]], argued that Mark and Matthew placed that healing with the proclamation "Son of David!" just before "Jesus' departure for [[Jerusalem]], the long-foreshadowed site of his sufferings."<ref>Fredriksen, ''From Jesus to Christ'', p. 181.</ref>  The title "Son of David" is a [[Messiah|messianic]] name.<ref name="Manila">"Reflections: The blind Bartimaeus: Mark 10:46-52," October 24, 2009, ''The Manila Bulletin'', [http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/226313/the-blind-bartimaeus The Manila Bulletin website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026044432/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/226313/the-blind-bartimaeus |date=2009-10-26 }}, citing''365 Days with the Lord,'' (St. Paul's, Makati City, Philippines) from [http://www.stpauls.phstorefronts St. Paul's website ]{{Dead link|date=July 2022}}{{dead link|date=December 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, accessed October 28, 2009.</ref><ref name="Bible study">Barrie Wetherill, "Jesus cures blind Bartimaeus," from ''The Life of Jesus Christ'', found at [http://www.easyenglish.bible/bible-study/jesus-life/jesus_cures_blind_bartimaeus.htm EasyEnglish Bible study].  Accessed October 28, 2009.</ref> Thus, Bartimaeus' exclamation was, according to Mark, the first ''public'' acknowledgement of the [[Christ]], after [[Confession of Peter|St. Peter's ''private'' confession]] at Mark {{bibleverse-nb||Mark|8:27–30|NIV}}.
 ==Bartimaeus==
-The naming of Bartimaeus is unusual in several respects: (a) the fact that a name is given at all, (b) the strange Semitic-Greek hybrid, with (c) an explicit translation "Son of Timaeus." Some scholars see this to confirm a reference to a historical person;<ref>Vincent Taylor. ''The Gospel according to St. Mark. 1966 St. Martin's Press Inc. p 448.</ref> however, other scholars see a special significance of the story in the figurative reference to Plato's [[Timaeus (dialogue)|Timaeus]] who delivers Plato's most important cosmological and theological treatise, involving sight as the foundation of knowledge.
+The naming of Bartimaeus is unusual in several respects: (a) the fact that a name is given at all, (b) the strange Semitic-Greek hybrid, with (c) an explicit translation "Son of Timaeus." Some scholars see this as confirmation of a reference to a historical person;<ref>Vincent Taylor. ''The Gospel according to St. Mark. 1966 St. Martin's Press Inc. p 448.</ref> however, other scholars see a special significance of the story in the figurative reference to Plato's [[Timaeus (dialogue)|Timaeus]] who delivers Plato's most important cosmological and theological treatise, involving sight as the foundation of knowledge.<ref>Mary Ann Tolbert, ''Sowing the Gospel: Mark's World in Literary-Historical Perspective'' 1996, Fortress Press. p189.</ref>
-<ref>Mary Ann Tolbert, ''Sowing the Gospel: Mark's World in Literary-Historical Perspective'' 1996, Fortress Press. p189.</ref>
 ==Notes==
@@ Line 29: / Line 27: @@
 ==See also==
+* [[Healing the man blind from birth]]
 * [[Life of Jesus in the New Testament]]
 * [[Ministry of Jesus]]
@@ Line 37: / Line 36: @@
 * [[Paula Fredriksen]],  ''From Jesus to Christ'' (2000), {{ISBN|0-300-08457-9}}
 * Vernon K. Robbins, ''Jesus the Teacher: A Socio-Rhetorical Interpretation of Mark'' 2009, {{ISBN|978-0-8006-2595-5}}
-== External links ==
-{{Commons category|Healing of the blind man of Jericho}}
-* [https://images.google.com/images?hl=en&source=hp&q=Bartimaeus&um=1&ie=UTF-8&ei=tq_oSterK9KvlAf4i7D6Bw&sa=X&oi=image_result_group&ct=title&resnum=12&ved=0CDEQsAQwCw Additional images of Bartimaeus]
 {{Jesus footer}}
 {{Miracles of Jesus|state=expanded}}
+{{New Testament people}}
 {{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Blindness]]
+[[Category:Mythological blind people]]
 [[Category:Miracles of Jesus]]
 [[Category:Supernatural healing]]
+[[Category:Gospel of Mark]]
+[[Category:Gospel of Matthew]]
+[[Category:Gospel of Luke]]
+[[Category:Biblical Jericho]]
+[[Category:People whose existence is disputed]]

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