Railton (car): Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Marque of British automobiles}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}} |
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{{Use British English|date=May 2013}} |
{{Use British English|date=May 2013}} |
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[[File: |
[[File:1934 Railton Terraplane, Registration BPL 48 (7943297638).jpg|thumb|1934 Railton Terraplane at [[Brooklands Museum]]]] |
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[[File:Railton Straight Eight University saloon 1935.jpg|thumb|1935 Railton Straight Eight "University" saloon]] |
[[File:Railton Straight Eight University saloon 1935.jpg|thumb|1935 Railton Straight Eight "University" saloon]] |
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[[File:1937_Railton_Claremont_Drophead_Coupe.jpg|thumb|1937 Railton Claremont Drophead Coupe at Kensworth, summer 2016. Fitted with Hudson Straight 8]] |
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'''Railton''' was a marque of British automobiles made by Fairmile Engineering Company in [[Cobham, Surrey|Cobham]], Surrey, between 1933 and 1940. The cars were the first combination of English coachwork with a U.S.-made engine and running gear.<ref name="Vance">{{cite web|url= https://www.timescolonist.com/driving/bill-vance-1933-railton-was-first-anglo-american-hybrid-5052344 |first=Bill |last=Vance |title=1933 Railton was first Anglo-American hybrid |date=11 February 2022 |work=Times Colonist |access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref> |
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The company was started by [[Noel Macklin]] who was looking for a new car making venture after he sold his [[Invicta (car)|Invicta]] company in 1933. The name came from [[Reid Railton]], the world speed record car designer, but his input was probably small although he did receive a royalty on each car sold. |
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| ⚫ | The first car was made by fitting a British body made by coachbuilder |
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==History== |
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In 1935 the original Terraplane chassis was replaced by the one from the Hudson Eight and the engine grew to 4168 cc and a wider range of bodies from several coachbuilders was on offer. Two special lightweight models were made in 1935 and with a 0–60 time of 8.8 seconds were claimed to be the fastest production cars in the world. Altogether 1379 of the Railton 8 were made.<ref name=AZ1930 /> |
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The company was started by [[Noel Macklin]], who was looking for a new car-making venture after he sold his [[Invicta (car)|Invicta]] company in 1933. The name came from [[Reid Railton]], the world speed record car designer, but his input was probably small, although he did receive a royalty on each car sold. The two decided that an English coachwork on a U.S.-built chassis with a powerful engine would result in a high-performance driving car.<ref name="Vance"/> The idea came with imports of the Terraplane, a new model from Hudson's Essex division with a straight-eight engine.<ref name="Walsh">{{cite web|url= https://classicandsportscar.com/features/unique-railton-and-its-fascinating-story |title=A unique Railton and its fascinating story |first=Mick |last=Walsh |date=3 March 2023 |work=Classic and Sports Car |access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref> Macklin was impressed by the Terraplane’s build quality, refinement, and performance, but not its American body styling.<ref name="Walsh"/> |
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===1933 – Railton Terraplane=== |
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| ⚫ | The first car was made by fitting a British body made by coachbuilder John Charles Ranalah to a 4010 cc, {{convert|100|bhp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}}, 8-cylinder [[Terraplane|Hudson Terraplane]] chassis. The high-performance car has been described as a pre-war [[AC Cobra|Shelby Cobra]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Strohl |first1=Daniel |title=SIA Flashback – Pre-War Cobra: 1934 Railton |url= https://www.hemmings.com/stories/2011/01/09/sia-flashback-pre-war-cobra-1934-railton |publisher=Hemmings |date=9 January 2011 |access-date=23 May 2022}}</ref> The car was at first available as a two-door tourer. Being lighter than the original, it had exceptional performance for the time, with a 0–{{convert|130|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on}} time of 13 seconds.<ref name=AZ1930>{{cite book |last=Sedgwick |first=M. |title=A-Z of Cars of the 1930s|year=1989 |publisher=Bay View Books |location=Devon, UK |isbn=9781870979382}}</ref> A saloon-bodied version was soon added to the range. The prices started at £499. |
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===1935 – Railton 8=== |
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| ⚫ | An even smaller Railton, the 10 hp, joined the range in 1938 built on a Standard Flying Nine chassis and with either saloon or drophead coupé bodywork was claimed to be "A famous name in miniature". 51 were made selling at £299.<ref name=AZ1930 /> In 1938 ''Motor Sport'' tested a 28.8 h.p. Railton Cobham saloon, FPH 970, offered for sale at £698.<ref>''Motor Sport'', September 1938, Pages 321-322.</ref> |
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In 1935, the original Terraplane chassis was replaced with that of the Hudson Eight. The engine was now 4168 cc, producing {{convert|113|bhp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite journal |title=The Railton Terraplane on the road |journal=Motor Sport Magazine |date=October 1934 |pages=539–540 |url= https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/october-1934/13/the-railton-terraplane-on-the-road |access-date=23 May 2022}}</ref> A more comprehensive range of bodies from at least seven [[coachbuilder]]s were available: [[Ranalah]], R.E.A.L, [[Carbodies]], and Coachcraft. Two unique lightweight models were made in 1935, capable of accelerating to 60 mph in 8.8 seconds. They were claimed to be the fastest production cars in the world. A total of 1,379 of the Railton 8s were made.<ref name=AZ1930 /> |
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===1937 – Railton Cobham=== |
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===1938 – Railton 10=== |
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| ⚫ | An even smaller Railton, the 10 hp, joined the range in 1938. They were built on a Standard Flying Nine chassis and with either saloon or drophead coupé bodywork was claimed to be "A famous name in miniature". A total of 51 were made selling at £299.<ref name=AZ1930 /> In 1938, ''Motor Sport'' tested a 28.8 h.p. Railton Cobham saloon, FPH 970, offered for sale at £698.<ref>''Motor Sport'', September 1938, Pages 321-322.</ref> |
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===1939 – demise=== |
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The name was revived by a new Railton Motor Company, founded in 1989 in [[Wixford]], [[Warwickshire]]. Two convertible models, the F28 Fairmile and the F29 Claremont were announced. Both were styled by [[William Towns]] and based on [[Jaguar XJS]] running gear with new aluminium bodywork. Production seems to have stopped in about 1994. |
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British motoring journalist [[Paul Walton]] has written about the Railton F28 Fairmile.<ref name="Jaguar World May 2007" >{{cite journal |
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The name was revived by a new company called Railton Motor Company, founded in 1989 in [[Wixford]], [[Warwickshire]]. The idea and design for a new car were by [[William Towns]], an automobile designer and engineer who worked for the Rootes Group, Rover, and Aston Martin.<ref name="classicdriver">{{cite web |title=1989 Railton Claremont |url= https://www.classicdriver.com/en/car/railton/claremont/1989/668357 |website=classicdriver.com |date=2019 |access-date=23 May 2022}}</ref> Towns met John Ransom to finance the venture.<ref name="classicdriver"/> |
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|title=Railton F28 Fairmile |
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|journal=Jaguar World |
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|month=May | year=2007 |
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}}</ref><ref name="Jaguar Australia 136" >{{cite journal |
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|title=Railton F28 Fairmile |
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|journal=Jaguar Magazine, Australia |
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|issue=136 |
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}}</ref> |
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Two convertible models, the F28 Fairmile and the F29 Claremont, were announced in 1989. Both were styled by Towns and were based on [[Jaguar XJS]] running gear with new original aluminium bodywork. An objective was to have Jaguar dealerships sell and service the vehicles since the base XJS mechanical and interior were unchanged, with only the "aluminium skin tacked on the top" of the cars.<ref name="Dredge">{{cite web |last1=Dredge |first1=Richard |title=The story of the Railton Fairmile and Claremont |url= https://www.below-the-radar.com/railton-f28-claremont-and-f28-fairmile/ |work=Below The Radar |date=21 February 2021 |access-date=23 May 2022}}</ref> |
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By 1991, two cars were built "from scratch".<ref name="Dredge"/> The F28 Fairmile was painted burgundy, and featured exposed oversized rear wheels and the F29 Claremont was done in blue with full rear [[fender skirts]].<ref name="classicdriver"/> In 1994, the rights and tooling were purchased by an entrepreneur, Graham Pierce, but the firm was officially reported as dormant the following year and fully dissolved on 4 July 2000.<ref>{{cite web |title=Railton Motor Company Limited |url= https://www.companieslondon.com/uk/02330857/railton-motor-company-limited |publisher=Companies London |access-date=23 May 2022}}</ref> |
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British motoring journalist [[Paul Walton]] has written about the Railton F28 Fairmile.<ref name="Jaguar World May 2007" >{{cite journal |title=Railton F28 Fairmile |journal=Jaguar World |date=May 2007}}</ref><ref name="Jaguar Australia 136" >{{cite journal |title=Railton F28 Fairmile |journal=Jaguar Magazine, Australia |issue=136}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom]] |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{commons category|Railton vehicles}} |
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*[http://www.aronline.co.uk/blogs/cars/jaguar/xj-s/railton-fairmile-and-claremont/ Jaguar based Railtons] |
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{{Hudson Motors}} |
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[[Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of |
[[Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England]] |
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[[Category:Vehicles designed by Reid Railton]] |
[[Category:Vehicles designed by Reid Railton]] |
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[[Category:Hudson Motor Car Company]] |
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[[Category:Defunct companies based in Surrey]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:15, 7 May 2024
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Railton was a marque of British automobiles made by Fairmile Engineering Company in Cobham, Surrey, between 1933 and 1940. The cars were the first combination of English coachwork with a U.S.-made engine and running gear.[1]
There was an attempt to revive it by a new company between 1989 and 1994 in Alcester, Warwickshire.
History
[edit]The company was started by Noel Macklin, who was looking for a new car-making venture after he sold his Invicta company in 1933. The name came from Reid Railton, the world speed record car designer, but his input was probably small, although he did receive a royalty on each car sold. The two decided that an English coachwork on a U.S.-built chassis with a powerful engine would result in a high-performance driving car.[1] The idea came with imports of the Terraplane, a new model from Hudson's Essex division with a straight-eight engine.[2] Macklin was impressed by the Terraplane’s build quality, refinement, and performance, but not its American body styling.[2]
1933 – Railton Terraplane
[edit]The first car was made by fitting a British body made by coachbuilder John Charles Ranalah to a 4010 cc, 100 bhp (75 kW; 101 PS), 8-cylinder Hudson Terraplane chassis. The high-performance car has been described as a pre-war Shelby Cobra.[3] The car was at first available as a two-door tourer. Being lighter than the original, it had exceptional performance for the time, with a 0–130 mph (209 km/h) time of 13 seconds.[4] A saloon-bodied version was soon added to the range. The prices started at £499.
1935 – Railton 8
[edit]In 1935, the original Terraplane chassis was replaced with that of the Hudson Eight. The engine was now 4168 cc, producing 113 bhp (84 kW; 115 PS).[5] A more comprehensive range of bodies from at least seven coachbuilders were available: Ranalah, R.E.A.L, Carbodies, and Coachcraft. Two unique lightweight models were made in 1935, capable of accelerating to 60 mph in 8.8 seconds. They were claimed to be the fastest production cars in the world. A total of 1,379 of the Railton 8s were made.[4]
1937 – Railton Cobham
[edit]A smaller six-cylinder car, the 16.9, was added in 1937 using a 2723 cc Hudson 6-cylinder engine and chassis. A total of 81 were made in the saloon or drophead coupé form, with pricing starting at £399.[4]
1938 – Railton 10
[edit]An even smaller Railton, the 10 hp, joined the range in 1938. They were built on a Standard Flying Nine chassis and with either saloon or drophead coupé bodywork was claimed to be "A famous name in miniature". A total of 51 were made selling at £299.[4] In 1938, Motor Sport tested a 28.8 h.p. Railton Cobham saloon, FPH 970, offered for sale at £698.[6]
1939 – demise
[edit]Noel Macklin turned his attention to powerboats in 1939. He sold the company to Hudson Motor Car Company of Detroit, Michigan, who transferred production to their Brentford, London works. However, the outbreak of war in 1939 stopped production.
After World War II, a few cars were completed using pre-war parts, and a new model was built and shown at the 1949 London Motor Show. However, at nearly £5000, the new car was expensive and never went into production.
1989 – Railton revival
[edit]The name was revived by a new company called Railton Motor Company, founded in 1989 in Wixford, Warwickshire. The idea and design for a new car were by William Towns, an automobile designer and engineer who worked for the Rootes Group, Rover, and Aston Martin.[7] Towns met John Ransom to finance the venture.[7]
Two convertible models, the F28 Fairmile and the F29 Claremont, were announced in 1989. Both were styled by Towns and were based on Jaguar XJS running gear with new original aluminium bodywork. An objective was to have Jaguar dealerships sell and service the vehicles since the base XJS mechanical and interior were unchanged, with only the "aluminium skin tacked on the top" of the cars.[8]
By 1991, two cars were built "from scratch".[8] The F28 Fairmile was painted burgundy, and featured exposed oversized rear wheels and the F29 Claremont was done in blue with full rear fender skirts.[7] In 1994, the rights and tooling were purchased by an entrepreneur, Graham Pierce, but the firm was officially reported as dormant the following year and fully dissolved on 4 July 2000.[9]
British motoring journalist Paul Walton has written about the Railton F28 Fairmile.[10][11]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Vance, Bill (11 February 2022). "1933 Railton was first Anglo-American hybrid". Times Colonist. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ a b Walsh, Mick (3 March 2023). "A unique Railton and its fascinating story". Classic and Sports Car. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ Strohl, Daniel (9 January 2011). "SIA Flashback – Pre-War Cobra: 1934 Railton". Hemmings. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
- ^ a b c d Sedgwick, M. (1989). A-Z of Cars of the 1930s. Devon, UK: Bay View Books. ISBN 9781870979382.
- ^ "The Railton Terraplane on the road". Motor Sport Magazine: 539–540. October 1934. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
- ^ Motor Sport, September 1938, Pages 321-322.
- ^ a b c "1989 Railton Claremont". classicdriver.com. 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
- ^ a b Dredge, Richard (21 February 2021). "The story of the Railton Fairmile and Claremont". Below The Radar. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
- ^ "Railton Motor Company Limited". Companies London. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
- ^ "Railton F28 Fairmile". Jaguar World. May 2007.
- ^ "Railton F28 Fairmile". Jaguar Magazine, Australia (136).
- Thirlby, David (2006). Noel Macklin: From Invicta to the Fairmile. NPI Media Group. ISBN 9780752438795.
External links
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