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Coordinates: 34°20′44.2″N 134°7′20.4″E / 34.345611°N 134.122333°E / 34.345611; 134.122333
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{{Short description|Part of the Genpei War (March 22, 1185)}}
{{Expand Japanese|屋島の戦い|date=November 2020}}
{{Expand Japanese|topic=mil|屋島の戦い|date=November 2020}}

{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox military conflict
|conflict=Battle of Yashima
|conflict=Battle of Yashima
|partof=the [[Genpei War]]
|partof=the [[Genpei War]]
| image= Battle-of-Yashima-Genpei-War-1185-Utagawa-Kunisada.png
| image= Battle of Yashima Folding Screens Kano School.jpg
| image_size = 300
| image_size = 300
|caption=Battle of Yashima by Utagawa Kunisada
|caption=Battle of Yashima folding screens
|date=March 22, 1185
|date=March 22, 1185
|place=[[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Yashima]], just off [[Shikoku]] in the [[Seto Inland Sea]]
|place=[[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Yashima]], just off [[Shikoku]] in the [[Seto Inland Sea]]
| coordinates = {{WikidataCoord|display=it}}
| map_type = Japan
| map_relief = yes
| map_size =
| map_marksize =
| map_caption =
| map_label =
|casus=
|casus=
|territory=
|territory=
|result=[[Minamoto]] victory
|result=[[Minamoto]] victory
|combatant1=[[Minamoto]] clan
|combatant1= {{flag|Minamoto clan|size=20px}}
|combatant2=[[Taira]] clan
|combatant2= {{flag|Taira clan|size=20px}}
|commander1=[[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]
|commander1= {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Minamoto clan|size=20px}} [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]}}
|commander2= {{plainlist |
⚫
|commander2=[[Taira no Munemori]]<br>[[Taira no Noritsune]]<ref name=Watson/>{{rp|122–125}}
* {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Taira clan|size=20px}} [[Taira no Munemori]]}}
⚫
|strength1=140 ships, 1000 Cavalry, 30,000 horses<ref>Japanese Wiki page: On August 7, 1184: 1000 Cavalry departed Kamakura. August 27, 1184, [[Minamoto no Noriyori]] entered Kyoto and was appointed as a follow-up messenger, and on September 1, he left Kyoto for Kyushu with more than 30,000 horses.</ref>
⚫
* {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Taira clan|size=20px}} [[Taira no Noritsune]]<ref name=Watson/>{{rp|122–125}}}}
}}
⚫
|strength1=140 ships, 1,000 Cavalry, 30,000 horses<ref>Japanese Wiki page: On August 7, 1184: 1000 Cavalry departed Kamakura. August 27, 1184, [[Minamoto no Noriyori]] entered Kyoto and was appointed as a follow-up messenger, and on September 1, he left Kyoto for Kyushu with more than 30,000 horses.</ref>
|strength2= Unknown
|strength2= Unknown
|casualties1= [[Satō Tsugunobu]] was killed in action
|casualties1= [[Satō Tsugunobu]]
|casualties2= [[Taira no Atsumori]]
|casualties2= Unknown
}}
}}
{{Campaignbox Genpei War}}
{{Campaignbox Genpei War}}


'''Battle of Yashima''' (屋島の戦い) was one of the battles of the [[Genpei War]] on March 22, 1185 in the [[Heian period]]. It occurred in [[Sanuki Province]] ([[Shikoku]]) which is now [[Takamatsu, Kagawa]].
'''Battle of Yashima''' (屋島の戦い) was one of the battles of the [[Genpei War]] on March 22, 1185, in the [[Heian period]]. It occurred in [[Sanuki Province]] ([[Shikoku]]), which is now [[Takamatsu, Kagawa]].


==History==
==Background==
The naval '''Battle of Yashima''' took place on March 22, 1185. Following a long string of defeats, the [[Taira]] clan retreated to Yashima, today's [[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Takamatsu]], just off the coast of [[Shikoku]]. Here they had a [[Japanese castles|fortress]], and an improvised palace for [[Emperor Antoku]] and the [[Japanese imperial regalia|imperial regalia]], which they had taken earlier in the war.
Following a long string of defeats, the [[Taira]] clan retreated to Yashima, today's [[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Takamatsu]], just off the coast of [[Shikoku]]. Here they had a [[Japanese castles|fortress]], and an improvised palace for [[Emperor Antoku]] and the [[Japanese imperial regalia|imperial regalia]], which they had taken earlier in the war.


== Battle ==
⚫
[[File:Battle of Yashima Artwork.jpg|thumb|[[Nasu no Yoichi]] firing his famous shot at a fan atop the mast of a Taira ship. From a hanging scroll, Watanabe Museum, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.]]
On the 18th, a Minamoto force tried to cross the sea but many of the boats were damaged in a storm. [[Kajiwara Kagetoki]] then suggested adding "reverse oars" to the boats, which prompted an argument from [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]. Finally after the boats were repaired and despite the high winds, Yoshitsune departed with only five of the 200 boats carrying about 150 of his men. After arriving in Tsubaki Bay, in [[Awa Province (Tokushima)|Awa Province]]. Yoshitsune then advanced into [[Sanuki Province]] through the night reaching the bay with the Imperial Palace at Yashima, and the houses in [[Mure, Kagawa|Mure]] and [[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Takamatsu]].<ref name=Sato>{{Cite book |last=Sato |first=Hiroaki |title=Legends of the Samurai |publisher=Overlook Duckworth |year=1995 |ISBN=9781590207307 |pages=130–132}}</ref>
On the 18th, a Minamoto force tried to cross the sea but many of the boats were damaged in a storm. [[Kajiwara Kagetoki]] then suggested adding "reverse oars" to the boats, which prompted an argument from [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]. Finally after the boats were repaired and despite the high winds, Yoshitsune departed with only five of the 200 boats carrying about 150 of his men. After arriving in Tsubaki Bay, in [[Awa Province (Tokushima)|Awa Province]]. Yoshitsune then advanced into [[Sanuki Province]] through the night reaching the bay with the Imperial Palace at Yashima, and the houses in [[Mure, Kagawa|Mure]] and [[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Takamatsu]].<ref name=Sato>{{Cite book |last=Sato |first=Hiroaki |title=Legends of the Samurai |publisher=Overlook Duckworth |year=1995 |ISBN=9781590207307 |pages=130–132}}</ref>


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In a memorable account in the ''[[Heike monogatari]]'', a "very beautiful lady" in a [[Taira clan|Heike]] boat, placed a fan atop a pole, and dared the [[Minamoto]] to knock it off. In one of the most famous archery feats in all of Japanese history, [[Nasu no Yoichi]] rode out into the sea on horseback, and did just that in one shot.<ref name=Watson>{{Cite book |translator=Burton Watson |title=The Tales of the Heike |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2006 |ISBN=9780231138031 |pages=126–130}}</ref> The [[Minamoto]] were victorious, but the majority of the [[Taira]] fleet escaped to [[Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi|Dan-no-ura]], where they were defeated one month later in the [[Battle of Dan-no-ura]].<ref name=Turnbull2>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai Sourcebook |publisher=Cassell & Co. |year=1998 |ISBN=1854095234 |page=204}}</ref><ref name=Turnbull3>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai, A Military History |publisher=MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc. |year=1977 |ISBN=0026205408 |pages=72–78}}</ref>
In a memorable account in the ''[[Heike monogatari]]'', a "very beautiful lady" in a [[Taira clan|Heike]] boat, placed a fan atop a pole, and dared the [[Minamoto]] to knock it off. In one of the most famous archery feats in all of Japanese history, [[Nasu no Yoichi]] rode out into the sea on horseback, and did just that in one shot.<ref name=Watson>{{Cite book |translator=Burton Watson |title=The Tales of the Heike |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2006 |ISBN=9780231138031 |pages=126–130}}</ref> The [[Minamoto]] were victorious, but the majority of the [[Taira]] fleet escaped to [[Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi|Dan-no-ura]], where they were defeated one month later in the [[Battle of Dan-no-ura]].<ref name=Turnbull2>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai Sourcebook |publisher=Cassell & Co. |year=1998 |ISBN=1854095234 |page=204}}</ref><ref name=Turnbull3>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai, A Military History |publisher=MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc. |year=1977 |ISBN=0026205408 |pages=72–78}}</ref>


==References==
==Gallery==
{{reflist}}
{{clear}}
<gallery heights="160" widths="230">
File:Battlefield_of_Yashima.jpg|Location of the battlefield
File:Military_expedition_of_Minamoto_no_noriyori.png|Movement of Minamoto forces in blue
File:屋島の戦い.png|Battle movement at Yashima
⚫
File:Battle_of_Yashima_Artwork.jpg|[[Nasu no Yoichi]] firing his famous shot at a fan atop the mast of a Taira ship. From a hanging scroll, Watanabe Museum, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.
File:Battle-of-Yashima-Genpei-War-1185-Utagawa-Kunisada.png|Battle of Yashima by Utagawa Kunisada
</gallery>


==See also==
== See also ==
* [[Satō Tsugunobu]]
* [[Satō Tsugunobu]]
* ''[[The Tale of the Heike|The Tale of Heike]]''

==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
{{coord missing|Japan}}


[[Category:1180s in Japan]]
[[Category:1180s in Japan]]

Latest revision as of 02:59, 8 June 2024

Battle of Yashima
Part of the Genpei War

Battle of Yashima folding screens
DateMarch 22, 1185
Location
Yashima, just off Shikoku in the Seto Inland Sea
34°20′44.2″N 134°7′20.4″E / 34.345611°N 134.122333°E / 34.345611; 134.122333
Result Minamoto victory
Belligerents
 Minamoto clan  Taira clan
Commanders and leaders
Minamoto clan Minamoto no Yoshitsune
Strength
140 ships, 1,000 Cavalry, 30,000 horses[2] Unknown
Casualties and losses
Satō Tsugunobu Unknown
Battle of Yashima is located in Japan
Battle of Yashima
class=notpageimage|
Location within Japan

Battle of Yashima (屋島の戦い) was one of the battles of the Genpei War on March 22, 1185, in the Heian period. It occurred in Sanuki Province (Shikoku), which is now Takamatsu, Kagawa.

Background

[edit]

Following a long string of defeats, the Taira clan retreated to Yashima, today's Takamatsu, just off the coast of Shikoku. Here they had a fortress, and an improvised palace for Emperor Antoku and the imperial regalia, which they had taken earlier in the war.

Battle

[edit]

On the 18th, a Minamoto force tried to cross the sea but many of the boats were damaged in a storm. Kajiwara Kagetoki then suggested adding "reverse oars" to the boats, which prompted an argument from Minamoto no Yoshitsune. Finally after the boats were repaired and despite the high winds, Yoshitsune departed with only five of the 200 boats carrying about 150 of his men. After arriving in Tsubaki Bay, in Awa Province. Yoshitsune then advanced into Sanuki Province through the night reaching the bay with the Imperial Palace at Yashima, and the houses in Mure and Takamatsu.[3]

The Taira were expecting a naval attack, and so Yoshitsune lit bonfires on Shikoku, essentially in their rear, fooling the Taira into believing that a large force was approaching on land. They abandoned their palace, and took to their ships, along with Emperor Antoku and the imperial regalia.[4]

In a memorable account in the Heike monogatari, a "very beautiful lady" in a Heike boat, placed a fan atop a pole, and dared the Minamoto to knock it off. In one of the most famous archery feats in all of Japanese history, Nasu no Yoichi rode out into the sea on horseback, and did just that in one shot.[1] The Minamoto were victorious, but the majority of the Taira fleet escaped to Dan-no-ura, where they were defeated one month later in the Battle of Dan-no-ura.[5][6]

[edit]
  • Location of the battlefield
    Location of the battlefield
  • Movement of Minamoto forces in blue
    Movement of Minamoto forces in blue
  • Battle movement at Yashima
    Battle movement at Yashima
  • Nasu no Yoichi firing his famous shot at a fan atop the mast of a Taira ship. From a hanging scroll, Watanabe Museum, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.
    Nasu no Yoichi firing his famous shot at a fan atop the mast of a Taira ship. From a hanging scroll, Watanabe Museum, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.
  • Battle of Yashima by Utagawa Kunisada
    Battle of Yashima by Utagawa Kunisada

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b The Tales of the Heike. Translated by Burton Watson. Columbia University Press. 2006. pp. 126–130. ISBN 9780231138031.
  2. ^ Japanese Wiki page: On August 7, 1184: 1000 Cavalry departed Kamakura. August 27, 1184, Minamoto no Noriyori entered Kyoto and was appointed as a follow-up messenger, and on September 1, he left Kyoto for Kyushu with more than 30,000 horses.
  3. ^ Sato, Hiroaki (1995). Legends of the Samurai. Overlook Duckworth. pp. 130–132. ISBN 9781590207307.
  4. ^ Sansom, George (1958). A History of Japan to 1334. Stanford University Press. pp. 301–302. ISBN 0804705232.
  5. ^ Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. Cassell & Co. p. 204. ISBN 1854095234.
  6. ^ Turnbull, Stephen (1977). The Samurai, A Military History. MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc. pp. 72–78. ISBN 0026205408.
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