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{{Short description|1513 battle during the War of the League of Cambrai}}
{{Short description|Part of the War of the League of Cambrai}}
{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox military conflict
|conflict= Battle of La Motta
| conflict = Battle of La Motta
|partof= the [[War of the League of Cambrai]]
| partof = the [[War of the League of Cambrai]]
|image= WP Prospero Colonna.jpg
| image = WP Prospero Colonna.jpg
|caption= Portrait of [[Prospero Colonna]] (1452–1523), Italian condottiere
| caption = Portrait of [[Prospero Colonna]] (1452–1523), Italian condottiere
|date= 7 October 1513
| date = 7 October 1513
|place= [[Schio]], [[Veneto]], [[Republic of Venice]]<br/>(present-day [[Italy]])
| place = [[Schio]], [[Veneto]], [[Republic of Venice]]<br/>(present-day [[Italy]])
|result= Spanish and Imperial victory<ref name="Norwich p429">Norwich p. 429</ref>
| result = Spanish and Imperial victory<ref name="Norwich p429">Norwich p. 429</ref>
|combatant1= [[File:Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg|25px]] [[Republic of Venice]]
| combatant1 = [[Republic of Venice]]
|combatant2= [[Image:Armoiries Espagne Catholique.svg|20px]] [[Spain]]<br/>{{flag|Holy Roman Empire}}
| combatant2 = [[Habsburg Spain|Spain]]<br/>[[Holy Roman Empire]]
|commander1= [[Bartolomeo d'Alviano]]
| commander1 = {{Plainlist|
* [[Bartolomeo d'Alviano]]
* Alessandro Fregoso
⚫
|commander2= {{Plainlist|
* Antonio Pio
* Constanzo Pio
}}
⚫
| commander2 = {{Plainlist|
* [[Ramón de Cardona]]
* [[Ramón de Cardona]]
* [[Fernando d'Ávalos]]
* [[Fernando d'Ávalos]]
* [[Prospero Colonna]]
* [[Georg von Frundsberg]]}}
* [[Georg von Frundsberg]]}}
|strength1={{Plainlist|
| strength1 = {{Plainlist|
* 10,000 infantry
* 10,000 infantry
* 3,000 cavalry
* 3,000 cavalry
* 24 guns}}
* 24 guns}}
|strength2={{Plainlist|
| strength2 = {{Plainlist|
* 4,000 Spanish infantry
* 4,000 Spanish infantry
* 3,500 Imperial [[landsknecht]]s
* 3,500 Imperial [[landsknecht]]s
* 1,000 Spanish cavalry
* 1,000 Spanish cavalry
* 32 guns}}
* 32 guns}}
|casualties1=Over 4,500 casualties
| casualties1 = Over 4,500 casualties
|casualties2=Unknown, but minor
| casualties2 = Unknown, but minor
|campaignbox={{Campaignbox War of the League of Cambrai}}
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox War of the League of Cambrai}}
{{Campaignbox Italian Wars}}
{{Campaignbox Italian Wars}}
}}
}}
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The Venetian commander, [[Bartolomeo d'Alviano]], unexpectedly left without [[France|French]] support, retreated into the region of Veneto, pursued closely by the Spanish army under [[Ramón de Cardona]].<ref name="Norwich p428">Norwich pp. 428–429</ref> While the Spanish were unable to capture [[Padua]], they penetrated deep into [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] territory and in September were in sight of [[Venice]] itself.<ref name="Norwich p428"/> The Spanish [[Viceroy of Naples]], Ramón de Cardona, attempted a bombardment of the city that proved largely ineffective; then, having no ships with which to cross the lagoon, turned back for [[Lombardy]].<ref name="Norwich p428"/> D'Alviano, having been reinforced by hundreds of soldiers and volunteers from the Venetian nobility, and cannons and other supplies, took the initiative and pursued Cardona's army, with the intention of not allowing the Spaniards out of the region of [[Veneto]].<ref name="Norwich p429"/>
The Venetian commander, [[Bartolomeo d'Alviano]], unexpectedly left without [[France|French]] support, retreated into the region of Veneto, pursued closely by the Spanish army under [[Ramón de Cardona]].<ref name="Norwich p428">Norwich pp. 428–429</ref> While the Spanish were unable to capture [[Padua]], they penetrated deep into [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] territory and in September were in sight of [[Venice]] itself.<ref name="Norwich p428"/> The Spanish [[Viceroy of Naples]], Ramón de Cardona, attempted a bombardment of the city that proved largely ineffective; then, having no ships with which to cross the lagoon, turned back for [[Lombardy]].<ref name="Norwich p428"/> D'Alviano, having been reinforced by hundreds of soldiers and volunteers from the Venetian nobility, and cannons and other supplies, took the initiative and pursued Cardona's army, with the intention of not allowing the Spaniards out of the region of [[Veneto]].<ref name="Norwich p429"/>


[[File:Fernando Francesco d'Avalos.jpg|thumb|left|[[Fernando d'Ávalos]], Marquis of [[Pescara]], was the commander of the Spanish infantry at the Battle of La Motta]]
[[File:Ritratto di Ferrante d'Avalos.jpg|thumb|left|[[Fernando d'Ávalos]], Marquis of [[Pescara]], was the commander of the Spanish infantry at the Battle of La Motta]]


==Battle==
==Battle==
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==Consequences==
==Consequences==
Although the Venetians were decisively defeated by the Spaniards, the Holy League failed to follow up on these victories.<ref name="Norwich p429"/> The death of the King of France, [[Louis XII of France|Louis XII]], on 1 January 1515, brought [[Francis I of France|Francis I]] to the throne. Having assumed the title of [[Duke of Milan]] at his coronation, Francis immediately moved to reclaim his holdings in [[Italy]]. A combined Swiss and Papal force moved north from [[Milan]] to block the Alpine passes against him, but Francis avoided the main passes and marched instead through the valley of the [[Stura]].<ref>Norwich p. 430</ref> The French vanguard surprised the Milanese cavalry at [[Villafranca]], capturing [[Prospero Colonna]].<ref name="Taylor"/> Meanwhile, Francis and the main body of the French confronted the Swiss at the [[Battle of Marignano]] on 13 September.<ref>Norwich p. 431</ref>
Although the Venetians were decisively defeated by the Spaniards, the Holy League failed to follow up on these victories.<ref name="Norwich p429"/> The death of the King of France, [[Louis XII of France|Louis XII]], on 1 January 1515, brought [[Francis I of France|Francis I]] to the throne. Having assumed the title of [[Duke of Milan]] at his coronation, Francis immediately moved to reclaim his holdings in [[Italy]]. A combined Swiss and Papal force moved north from [[Milan]] to block the Alpine passes against him, but Francis avoided the main passes and marched instead through the valley of the [[Stura]].<ref>Norwich p. 430</ref> The French vanguard surprised the Milanese cavalry at [[Villafranca di Verona|Villafranca]], capturing [[Prospero Colonna]].<ref name="Taylor"/> Meanwhile, Francis and the main body of the French confronted the Swiss at the [[Battle of Marignano]] on 13 September.<ref>Norwich p. 431</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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[[Category:Battles involving Spain]]
[[Category:Battles involving Spain]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Republic of Venice]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Republic of Venice]]
[[Category:Military history of Veneto]]

Latest revision as of 19:32, 9 June 2024

Battle of La Motta
Part of the War of the League of Cambrai

Portrait of Prospero Colonna (1452–1523), Italian condottiere
Date7 October 1513
Location
Schio, Veneto, Republic of Venice
(present-day Italy)
Result Spanish and Imperial victory[1]
Belligerents
Republic of Venice Spain
Holy Roman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Strength
  • 10,000 infantry
  • 3,000 cavalry
  • 24 guns
  • 4,000 Spanish infantry
  • 3,500 Imperial landsknechts
  • 1,000 Spanish cavalry
  • 32 guns
Casualties and losses
Over 4,500 casualties Unknown, but minor

The Battle of La Motta, also known as the Battle of Schio, Battle of Vicenza or Battle of Creazzo, took place at Schio,[clarification needed] in the Italian region of Veneto, Republic of Venice, on 7 October 1513, between the forces of the Republic of Venice and a combined force of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire, and was a significant battle of the War of the League of Cambrai.[1] A Venetian army under Bartolomeo d'Alviano was decisively defeated by the Spanish/Imperial army commanded by Ramón de Cardona[1] and Fernando d'Ávalos.[2]

Background

[edit]

The Venetian commander, Bartolomeo d'Alviano, unexpectedly left without French support, retreated into the region of Veneto, pursued closely by the Spanish army under Ramón de Cardona.[3] While the Spanish were unable to capture Padua, they penetrated deep into Venetian territory and in September were in sight of Venice itself.[3] The Spanish Viceroy of Naples, Ramón de Cardona, attempted a bombardment of the city that proved largely ineffective; then, having no ships with which to cross the lagoon, turned back for Lombardy.[3] D'Alviano, having been reinforced by hundreds of soldiers and volunteers from the Venetian nobility, and cannons and other supplies, took the initiative and pursued Cardona's army, with the intention of not allowing the Spaniards out of the region of Veneto.[1]

Fernando d'Ávalos, Marquis of Pescara, was the commander of the Spanish infantry at the Battle of La Motta

Battle

[edit]
Presumed portrait of Bartolomeo d'Alviano by Giovanni Bellini

The Venetian army commanded by Bartolomeo d'Alviano, finally confronted Cardona's army outside Vicenza, a city in north-eastern Italy, on 7 October 1513. The Spanish and German infantry, composed of 7,000 men, led by Fernando d'Ávalos and Georg von Frundsberg, well positioned and ready for battle, launched a strong charge against the Venetian army, causing thousands of dead and wounded (over 4,500 casualties) in the ranks of the Venetian army.[1][2] This was a severe blow, forcing the Venetians to flee, and scattering D'Alviano's entire army.[3]

The forces of the two commanders continued to skirmish in the Italy's most North-Eastern region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia for the rest of 1513 and through 1514.[1]

Consequences

[edit]

Although the Venetians were decisively defeated by the Spaniards, the Holy League failed to follow up on these victories.[1] The death of the King of France, Louis XII, on 1 January 1515, brought Francis I to the throne. Having assumed the title of Duke of Milan at his coronation, Francis immediately moved to reclaim his holdings in Italy. A combined Swiss and Papal force moved north from Milan to block the Alpine passes against him, but Francis avoided the main passes and marched instead through the valley of the Stura.[4] The French vanguard surprised the Milanese cavalry at Villafranca, capturing Prospero Colonna.[2] Meanwhile, Francis and the main body of the French confronted the Swiss at the Battle of Marignano on 13 September.[5]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g Norwich p. 429
  2. ^ a b c Taylor. The Art of War in Italy (1494–1529)
  3. ^ a b c d Norwich pp. 428–429
  4. ^ Norwich p. 430
  5. ^ Norwich p. 431

Sources

[edit]
  • Norwich, John Julius. A History of Venice. New York: Vintage Books (1989) ISBN 0-679-72197-5.
  • Kamen, Henry. Empire: How Spain Became a World Power 1492–1763. New York: HarperCollins (2003) ISBN 0-06-019476-6.
  • Taylor, Frederick Lewis. The Art of War in Italy 1494–1529. Cambridge University Press, 1921. Westport: Greenwood Press (1973) ISBN 0-8371-5025-6.
  • Montgomery, Bernard Law. A History of Warfare. New York: World Publishing Company (1968) ISBN 0-688-01645-6.
  • Guicciardini, Francesco. The History of Italy. Translated by Sydney Alexander. Princeton: Princeton University Press (1984) ISBN 0-691-00800-0.
  • Mallet, Michael and Shaw, Christine. The Italian Wars 1494–1559. Harlow: Pearson Educated Limited (2012) ISBN 978-0-582-05758-6.
  • Baumann, Reinhard. Georg von Frundsberg. München: Süddeutscher Verlag (1984) ISBN 3-7991-6236-4.

45°43′N 11°22′E / 45.717°N 11.367°E / 45.717; 11.367

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