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A historic district or heritage district is a section of a city which contains older buildings considered valuable for historical or architectural reasons. In some countries or jurisdictions, historic districts receive legal protection from certain types of development.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Historic districts may or may not also be the center of the city. They may be coterminous with the commercial district, administrative district, or arts district, or separate from all of these. Historical districts are often parts of a larger urban setting, but they can also be parts or all of small towns, or a rural areas with historic agriculture-related properties, or even a physically disconnected series of related structures throughout the region.^[6]

Much criticism^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] has arisen of historic districts and the effect protective zoning and historic designation status laws have on the housing supply.^[7] When an area of a city is designated as part of a 'historic district', new housing development is artificially restricted^[8] and the supply of new housing permanently capped^[7] in area so designated as 'historic'. Critics of historic districts argue that while these districts may offer an aesthetic or visually pleasing benefit, they increase inequality by restricting access to new and affordable housing for lower and middle class tenants and potential home owners.^[11]

Canada

In Canada, such districts are called "heritage conservation districts" or "heritage conservation areas" (known as "arrondissements historiques", "secteurs de conservation du patrimoine" or "districts de conservation du patrimoine" in French) and are governed by provincial legislation.^[12]

Taiwan

In Taiwan, the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act [zh] protects certain historic districts under the "groups of buildings" category. Districts are overseen by their respective municipality, city, or county governments, but can also be promoted to a "significant" status and overseen by the Ministry of Culture directly.^[13] As of July 2021, there are twenty protected districts, one of which is deemed "significant".^[14]

The term "old street" refers to a neighborhood with historic buildings. Many of these are tourist attractions and filled with hawkers catering to visitors.

United States

Many jurisdictions within the United States have specific legislation identifying and giving protection to designated historic districts.

Criticism of historic districts in Chicago^[10] and elsewhere in the United States is primarily based on arguments that such laws creating such districts restrict the supply of affordable housing, and thus the result of such districts is that of enforcing caste structures and class divisions by region and segments of urban areas.^[9]^[8]^[7] Several historic districts have been proposed not for a true preservation purpose but to prevent development.^[15]

United Kingdom

The term "Historic District" is not used in the United Kingdom. The equivalent urban areas are known as Conservation Areas.

Iran

Iranian Heritage and Tourism organization has nominated and selected several cities for their valuable historical monuments and districts. Baft-e Tarikhi (In Persian: بافت تاریخی or historical texture) is the name such areas are labelled with. Naein, Isfahan and Yazd are examples of Iranian cities with historic districts.

References

^ "New York City Designation Process". Historic Districts Council. Archived from the original on 16 September 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
^ "Historic Preservation Overlay Zone (HPOZ)". Los Angeles Conservency. Archived from the original on 18 February 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
^ "City of Oklahoma City | Historic Preservation". Archived from the original on 2010-08-31. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
^ "Welcome to the City of Dallas, Texas - Sustainable Development and Construction". Archived from the original on 2010-09-18. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
^ "Historic District Commissions - City of Boston". cityofboston.gov. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26.
^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 343.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Millsap, Adam. "Cities Should Think Twice About Expanding Historic Districts". Forbes. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c Washington, Emily (23 December 2015). "Historic Preservation and Its Costs". www.city-journal.org. City-Journal. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
^ ^a ^b Andersen, Michael (23 December 2015). "BOGUS "HISTORIC" DISTRICTS: THE NEW EXCLUSIONARY ZONING?". www.sightline.org. Sightline. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
^ ^a ^b Freishtat, Sarah. "Are landmark districts linked to affordable housing and segregation? A Chicago lawsuit makes the connection, but a historic preservationist disputes it". www.msn.com. MSN. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
^ Grabar, Henry (12 April 2021). ""Good Design" Is Making Bad Cities, but It Doesn't Have To". slate.com. SLATE. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
^ "Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada" (PDF). Canadian Register of Historic Places. Parks Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
^ "《文化資產保存法》中英文對照版". Bureau of Cultural Heritage (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved July 14, 2021.
^ "聚落建築群". National Cultural Heritage Database Management System (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Bureau of Cultural Heritage. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
^ Sementelli, Nick. "Chevy Chase historic district applicants admit what it's actually about". ggwash.org. Retrieved 2024-04-10.

External links

Media related to Historic districts at Wikimedia Commons

[1] "New York City Designation Process". Historic Districts Council. Archived from the original on 16 September 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2019.

[2] "Historic Preservation Overlay Zone (HPOZ)". Los Angeles Conservency. Archived from the original on 18 February 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.

[3] "City of Oklahoma City | Historic Preservation". Archived from the original on 2010-08-31. Retrieved 2010-08-28.

[4] "Welcome to the City of Dallas, Texas - Sustainable Development and Construction". Archived from the original on 2010-09-18. Retrieved 2010-08-28.

[5] "Historic District Commissions - City of Boston". cityofboston.gov. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26.

[6] Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 343.

[Cities_Should_Think_Twice_About_Expanding_Historic_Districts_–_Forbes-7] Millsap, Adam. "Cities Should Think Twice About Expanding Historic Districts". Forbes. Retrieved 16 February 2022.

[City_Journal_–_Historic_Preservation_and_Its_Costs-8] Washington, Emily (23 December 2015). "Historic Preservation and Its Costs". www.city-journal.org. City-Journal. Retrieved 16 February 2022.

[Sightline_piece_on_bad_hist._dist.-9] Andersen, Michael (23 December 2015). "BOGUS "HISTORIC" DISTRICTS: THE NEW EXCLUSIONARY ZONING?". www.sightline.org. Sightline. Retrieved 16 February 2022.

[msn.com-10] Freishtat, Sarah. "Are landmark districts linked to affordable housing and segregation? A Chicago lawsuit makes the connection, but a historic preservationist disputes it". www.msn.com. MSN. Retrieved 16 February 2022.

[11] Grabar, Henry (12 April 2021). ""Good Design" Is Making Bad Cities, but It Doesn't Have To". slate.com. SLATE. Retrieved 16 February 2022.

[12] "Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada" (PDF). Canadian Register of Historic Places. Parks Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2013.

[chpa-13] "《文化資產保存法》中英文對照版". Bureau of Cultural Heritage (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved July 14, 2021.

[14] "聚落建築群". National Cultural Heritage Database Management System (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Bureau of Cultural Heritage. Retrieved July 15, 2021.

[15] Sementelli, Nick. "Chevy Chase historic district applicants admit what it's actually about". ggwash.org. Retrieved 2024-04-10.

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+{{Short description|Section of a city}}
-{{Merge|Old town|date=January 2018}}
-[[Image:historic_district_street_sign.JPG|thumb|Historic district street sign in [[Ypsilanti, Michigan]]]]
+[[Image:Viljandi vanalinna muinsuskaitseala, Hiire ja Johan Laidoneri plats tänava nurk.JPG|thumb|Historic district area in [[Viljandi]], Estonia]]
+[[Image:historic district street sign.JPG|thumb|Historic district street sign in [[Ypsilanti, Michigan]]]]
+A '''historic district''' or '''heritage district''' is a section of a [[city]] which contains [[historic building|older buildings]] considered valuable for [[historical]] or [[architectural]] reasons.  In some countries or jurisdictions, historic districts receive legal protection from certain types of [[Real estate development|development]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://hdc.org/preservation-resources/new-york-city-designation-process/ |title= New York City Designation Process |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180916203211/http://hdc.org/preservation-resources/new-york-city-designation-process |archive-date= 16 September 2018 |website= Historic Districts Council |access-date= 18 February 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |website=Los Angeles Conservency |url=https://www.laconservancy.org/historic-preservation-overlay-zone-hpoz |title=Historic Preservation Overlay Zone (HPOZ) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218215230/https://www.laconservancy.org/historic-preservation-overlay-zone-hpoz |archive-date=18 February 2019 |access-date=18 February 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.okc.gov/planning/hp/index.html |title=City of Oklahoma City &#124; Historic Preservation |access-date=2010-08-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100831171205/http://www.okc.gov/planning/hp/index.html |archive-date=2010-08-31 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dallascityhall.com/development_services/historic_preservation.html |title=Welcome to the City of Dallas, Texas - Sustainable Development and Construction |access-date=2010-08-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918155147/http://www.dallascityhall.com/development_services/historic_preservation.html |archive-date=2010-09-18 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cityofboston.gov/landmarks/historic/|title=Historic District Commissions - City of Boston|work=cityofboston.gov|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726072110/http://www.cityofboston.gov/landmarks/historic/|archive-date=2010-07-26}}</ref>
+Historic districts may or may not also be the [[city centre|center of the city]].  They may be coterminous with the [[commercial district]], [[administrative district]], or [[arts district]], or separate from all of these. Historical districts are often parts of a larger urban setting, but they can also be parts or all of small towns, or a rural areas with historic agriculture-related properties, or even a physically disconnected series of related structures throughout the region.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the City|last=Caves|first=R. W.|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|pages=343}}</ref>
-A '''historic district''' or '''heritage district''' is a section of a [[city]] which contains [[historic building|older buildings]] considered valuable for [[historical]] or [[architectural]] reasons.  In some countries or jurisdictions, historic districts receive legal protection from certain types of [[Real estate development|development]] considered to be inappropriate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hdc.org/preservingnyc.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-08-28 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101119084614/http://www.hdc.org/preservingnyc.htm |archivedate=2010-11-19 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.laconservancy.org/initiatives/neighborhood_hpoz.php4 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-08-28 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100926020925/http://laconservancy.org/initiatives/neighborhood_hpoz.php4 |archivedate=2010-09-26 |df= }}</ref><ref>http://www.okc.gov/planning/hp/index.html</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dallascityhall.com/development_services/historic_preservation.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-08-28 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918155147/http://www.dallascityhall.com/development_services/historic_preservation.html |archivedate=2010-09-18 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cityofboston.gov/landmarks/historic/|title=Historic District Commissions - City of Boston|work=cityofboston.gov}}</ref>
+Much criticism<ref name="Cities Should Think Twice About Expanding Historic Districts – Forbes">{{cite web |last1=Millsap |first1=Adam |title=Cities Should Think Twice About Expanding Historic Districts |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/adammillsap/2021/03/17/cities-should-think-twice-about-expanding-historic-districts/?sh=a51cfc5192f7 |work=Forbes |access-date=16 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="City Journal – Historic Preservation and Its Costs">{{cite web |last1=Washington |first1=Emily |title=Historic Preservation and Its Costs |url=https://www.city-journal.org/html/historic-preservation-and-its-costs-11014.html |website=www.city-journal.org |date=23 December 2015 |publisher=City-Journal |access-date=16 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="Sightline piece on bad hist. dist.">{{cite web |last1=Andersen |first1=Michael |title=BOGUS "HISTORIC" DISTRICTS: THE NEW EXCLUSIONARY ZONING? |url=https://www.city-journal.org/html/historic-preservation-and-its-costs-11014.html |website=www.sightline.org |date=23 December 2015 |publisher=Sightline |access-date=16 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="msn.com">{{cite web |last1=Freishtat |first1=Sarah |title=Are landmark districts linked to affordable housing and segregation? A Chicago lawsuit makes the connection, but a historic preservationist disputes it |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/are-landmark-districts-linked-to-affordable-housing-and-segregation-a-chicago-lawsuit-makes-the-connection-but-a-historic-preservationist-disputes-it/ar-AATQv5G |website=www.msn.com |publisher=MSN |access-date=16 February 2022}}</ref> has arisen of historic districts and the effect protective zoning and historic designation status laws have on the housing supply.<ref name="Cities Should Think Twice About Expanding Historic Districts – Forbes" /> When an area of a city is designated as part of a 'historic district', new housing development is artificially restricted<ref name="City Journal – Historic Preservation and Its Costs" /> and the supply of new housing permanently capped<ref name="Cities Should Think Twice About Expanding Historic Districts – Forbes" /> in area so designated as 'historic'. Critics of historic districts argue that while these districts may offer an aesthetic or visually pleasing benefit, they increase inequality by restricting access to new and affordable housing for lower and middle class tenants and potential home owners.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Grabar |first1=Henry |title="Good Design" Is Making Bad Cities, but It Doesn't Have To |url=https://slate.com/business/2021/04/good-design-bad-cities-zoning-commissions-preservation-boards.html |website=slate.com |date=12 April 2021 |publisher=SLATE |access-date=16 February 2022}}</ref>
-Historic districts may or may not also be the [[city centre|center of the city]].  They may be coterminous with the [[commercial district]], [[administrative district]], or [[arts district]], or separate from all of these.
 == Canada ==
-In [[Canada]], such districts are called "heritage conservation districts" or "heritage conservation areas" (known as "arrondissements historiques", "secteurs de conservation du patrimoine" or "districts de conservation du patrimoine" in [[French language|French]]) and are governed by [[Provinces and territories of Canada|provincial]] legislation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada|url=http://www.historicplaces.ca/media/18072/81468-parks-s+g-eng-web2.pdf|work=[[Canadian Register of Historic Places]]|publisher=[[Parks Canada]]|accessdate=16 March 2013}}</ref>
+In [[Canada]], such districts are called "heritage conservation districts" or "heritage conservation areas" (known as "arrondissements historiques", "secteurs de conservation du patrimoine" or "districts de conservation du patrimoine" in [[French language|French]]) and are governed by [[Provinces and territories of Canada|provincial]] legislation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada|url=http://www.historicplaces.ca/media/18072/81468-parks-s+g-eng-web2.pdf|work=[[Canadian Register of Historic Places]]|publisher=[[Parks Canada]]|access-date=16 March 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029112407/http://historicplaces.ca/media/18072/81468-parks-s+g-eng-web2.pdf|archive-date=29 October 2012}}</ref>
+== Taiwan ==
+In [[Taiwan]], the {{ill|Cultural Heritage Preservation Act|zh|文化資產保存法|italic=yes}} protects certain historic districts under the "groups of buildings" category. Districts are overseen by their respective municipality, city, or county governments, but can also be promoted to a "significant" status and overseen by the [[Ministry of Culture (Taiwan)|Ministry of Culture]] directly.<ref name="chpa">{{cite web |title=《文化資產保存法》中英文對照版 |url=https://www.boch.gov.tw/information_160_73735.html |website=[[Bureau of Cultural Heritage]] |accessdate=July 14, 2021 |language=zh-tw}}</ref> As of July 2021, there are twenty protected districts, one of which is deemed "significant".<ref>{{cite web |title=聚落建築群 |url=https://nchdb.boch.gov.tw/assets/overview?query=%7B%22searchType%22:false,%22classifyCode%22:%5B%221.3%22%5D%7D |website=National Cultural Heritage Database Management System |publisher=Bureau of Cultural Heritage |access-date=July 15, 2021 |language=zh-tw}}</ref>
+{{see also|Old street (disambiguation)#East Asia}}
+The term "old street" refers to a neighborhood with historic buildings. Many of these are tourist attractions and filled with [[Hawker (trade)|hawkers]] catering to visitors.
 == United States ==
-{{main|Historic districts in the United States}}
+{{Main|Historic districts in the United States}}
 Many jurisdictions within the United States have specific legislation identifying and giving protection to designated historic districts.
+Criticism of historic districts in Chicago<ref name="msn.com"/> and elsewhere in the United States is primarily based on arguments that such laws creating such districts restrict the supply of affordable housing, and thus the result of such districts is that of enforcing caste structures and class divisions by region and segments of urban areas.<ref name="Sightline piece on bad hist. dist." /><ref name="City Journal – Historic Preservation and Its Costs" /><ref name="Cities Should Think Twice About Expanding Historic Districts – Forbes" /> Several historic districts have been proposed not for a true preservation purpose but to prevent development.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sementelli |first=Nick |title=Chevy Chase historic district applicants admit what it's actually about |url=https://ggwash.org/view/93212/chevy-chase-historic-district-applicants-admit-what-its-actually-about |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=ggwash.org |language=en}}</ref>
 == United Kingdom ==
 The term "Historic District" is not used in the United Kingdom. The equivalent urban areas are known as [[Conservation area (United Kingdom)|Conservation Areas]].
 ==Iran==
 Iranian Heritage and Tourism organization has nominated and selected several cities for their valuable historical monuments and districts. ''Baft-e Tarikhi'' (In Persian: بافت تاریخی or historical texture) is the name such areas are labelled with. [[Naeen|Naein]], [[Isfahan]] and [[Yazd]] are examples of Iranian cities with historic districts.
 == See also ==
-* [[Old City (disambiguation)]]
+{{div col}}
-* [[Old Town]]
-* [[Downtown]]
 * [[Central Business District]]
+* [[Crony capitalism]]
+* [[Downtown]]
+* [[Historic districts in the United States]]
 * [[Historic overlay district]]
+* [[Historic preservation]]
+* [[National Register of Historic Places]]
+* [[NIMBY]]
+* [[Old City (disambiguation)]]
+* [[Old town]]
+* [[United States Department of the Interior]]
+{{div col end}}
 == References ==
-{{reflist|30em}}
+{{Reflist|30em}}
-{{commonscat|Historic districts}}
+==External links==
+{{Commons category-inline|Historic districts}}
+{{Authority control}}
 [[Category:Historic districts| ]]

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