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{{Short description|German engineer and mathematician (1874–1967)}}
[[File:Reissner.jpg|thumb|Hans Reissner and his wife, Josefine.]]
[[File:Hans Jacob and Josefine Reissner.jpg|thumb|Hans Reissner and his wife, Josefine.]]
'''Hans Jacob Reissner''',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reissner-guben.org/doc/hans_reissner/HR_by_ER2.pdf |last=Reissner |first=Eric | title=Hans Reissner: Engineer, Physicist and Engineering Scientist}}</ref> also known as Jacob Johannes Reissner,<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancestral File v4.19 |publisher=FamilySearch |url=http://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.2.1/MW3W-92K |accessdate=July 2012}}</ref> (18 January 1874 – 2 October 1967) was a German [[aeronautical engineering|aeronautical engineer]] whose [[avocation]] was mathematical physics. During [[World War I]] he was awarded the [[Iron Cross]] second class (for civilians) for his pioneering work on [[aircraft design process|aircraft design]].
'''Hans Jacob Reissner''',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reissner-guben.org/doc/hans_reissner/HR_by_ER2.pdf |last=Reissner |first=Eric |title=Hans Reissner: Engineer, Physicist and Engineering Scientist |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051228042325/http://reissner-guben.org/doc/hans_reissner/HR_by_ER2.pdf |archive-date=2005-12-28 }}</ref> also known as '''Jacob Johannes Reissner'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancestral File v4.19 |publisher=FamilySearch |url=http://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.2.1/MW3W-92K |access-date=7 July 2012}}</ref> (18 January 1874, [[Berlin]] – 2 October 1967, [[Mt. Angel, Oregon]]), was a German [[aeronautical engineering|aeronautical engineer]] whose avocation was mathematical physics. During [[World War I]] he was awarded the [[Iron Cross]] second class (for civilians) for his pioneering work on [[aircraft design process|aircraft design]].


==Background==
==Biography==
Reissner was born into a wealthy Berlin family that benefited from an inheritance from his great-uncle on his mother's side. As a young engineering graduate, he spent a year in the U.S. working as a draftsman.<ref>Eric Reissner, in The Engineering Science Perspective, Vol. 2, No. 4, December, 1977 (p 97ff)</ref> After this year, he broadened his academic interests to include physics. As a young academic, he published mathematical papers on engineering problems.
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During the [[Third Reich]] he was able to work in the aircraft industry although he did not have an ''Arierzeugnis''. In 1938 he emigrated from the country to which he had contributed so much. He taught at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] (1938–44) and the [[Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn]] (1944–54).


Before World War I, Reissner designed the first successful all-metal aircraft, the Reissner Canard (or Ente) with both skin and structure made of metal. This was constructed with assistance from [[Hugo Junkers]] who had previously shown little interest in aviation. Both were professors at the [[University of Aachen]]. The first flight was made on May 23, 1912, with Robert Gsell at the controls.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ballhaus|first1=W.F. Jr.|last2=Hussaini|first2=M.Y.|title=Advances in Fluid Dynamics |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=2012|pages=108–109|isbn=978-1-4612-3684-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Zoeller|first=Horst|title=Reissner Ente|url=http://hugojunkers.bplaced.net/reissner-cunard.html|work=hugojunkers.bplaced.net|date=19 September 2019|access-date=1 November 2019}}</ref>
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Curiously, it was this engineer, rather than a physicist or mathematician, who first solved Einstein's equation for the metric of a charged point mass.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Reissner |first=H. |title=Über die Eigengravitation des electrischen Feldes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie |journal=Annalen der Physik |volume=50 |issue=106 |year=1916 |language=German}}</ref> His [[Reissner–Nordström metric]] demonstrated that an electron has a naked singularity rather that an [[event horizon]].


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During the Nazi regime Reissner was able to work in the aircraft industry although he did not have an [[Aryan certificate]]. In 1935 he lost his post at [[Technische Universität Berlin]] due to his Jewish ancestry,<ref>Hager, Hydraulicians in Europe 1800-2000, Volume 2, p. 1165</ref> and in 1938 he emigrated to the United States. He taught at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]] (1938–44) and the [[Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn]] (1944–54).
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Eric Reissner (Max Erich Reissner, 1913–1996), his son, developed [[Mindlin–Reissner plate theory]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nndb.com/people/113/000172594 |title=Eric Reissner |publisher=NNDB}}</ref>

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Curiously, it was this engineer, rather than a physicist or mathematician, who first solved Einstein's equation for the metric of a charged point mass.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Reissner |first=H. |title=Über die Eigengravitation des electrischen Feldes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie |journal=Annalen der Physik |volume=50 |issue=9 |page=106 |year=1916 |language=de|doi=10.1002/andp.19163550905 |bibcode = 1916AnP...355..106R |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1447315 }}</ref> His closed-form solution, rediscovered by several other physicists within the next few years, is now called the [[Reissner–Nordström metric]].

⚫
[[Eric Reissner]] (Max Erich Reissner, 1913–1996), his son, developed [[Mindlin–Reissner plate theory]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nndb.com/people/113/000172594 |title=Eric Reissner |publisher=NNDB}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://libraries.ucsd.edu/speccoll/findingaids/mss0030.html Hans Reissner Papers] MSS 30. [http://libraries.ucsd.edu/collections/sca/ Special Collections & Archives], UC San Diego Library.
*[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/data/13030/n1/kt258010n1/files/kt258010n1.pdf Hans Reissner Papers] at Online Archive of California


{{relativity}}
{{Authority control|VIAF=22893647}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Reissner, Hans Jacob
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Reissner, Jacob Johannes
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Professor, Engineer
| DATE OF BIRTH = 18 January 1874
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Berlin, Germany
| DATE OF DEATH = 2 October 1967
| PLACE OF DEATH = Marion County, Oregon, USA
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Reissner, Hans Jacob}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Reissner, Hans Jacob}}
[[Category:German physicists]]
[[Category:Engineers from Berlin]]
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[[Category:German engineers]]
[[Category:Illinois Institute of Technology faculty]]
[[Category:Illinois Institute of Technology faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Technische Universität Berlin]]
[[Category:Junkers people]]
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1967 deaths]]
[[Category:1967 deaths]]
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[[Category:American engineers]]

[[Category:Polytechnic Institute of New York University faculty]]

[[Category:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States]]
{{germany-physicist-stub}}
[[Category:American Jews]]

Latest revision as of 21:19, 28 June 2024

Hans Reissner and his wife, Josefine.

Hans Jacob Reissner,[1] also known as Jacob Johannes Reissner[2] (18 January 1874, Berlin – 2 October 1967, Mt. Angel, Oregon), was a German aeronautical engineer whose avocation was mathematical physics. During World War I he was awarded the Iron Cross second class (for civilians) for his pioneering work on aircraft design.

Biography

[edit]

Reissner was born into a wealthy Berlin family that benefited from an inheritance from his great-uncle on his mother's side. As a young engineering graduate, he spent a year in the U.S. working as a draftsman.[3] After this year, he broadened his academic interests to include physics. As a young academic, he published mathematical papers on engineering problems.

Before World War I, Reissner designed the first successful all-metal aircraft, the Reissner Canard (or Ente) with both skin and structure made of metal. This was constructed with assistance from Hugo Junkers who had previously shown little interest in aviation. Both were professors at the University of Aachen. The first flight was made on May 23, 1912, with Robert Gsell at the controls.[4][5]

During the Nazi regime Reissner was able to work in the aircraft industry although he did not have an Aryan certificate. In 1935 he lost his post at Technische Universität Berlin due to his Jewish ancestry,[6] and in 1938 he emigrated to the United States. He taught at the Illinois Institute of Technology (1938–44) and the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (1944–54).

Curiously, it was this engineer, rather than a physicist or mathematician, who first solved Einstein's equation for the metric of a charged point mass.[7] His closed-form solution, rediscovered by several other physicists within the next few years, is now called the Reissner–Nordström metric.

Eric Reissner (Max Erich Reissner, 1913–1996), his son, developed Mindlin–Reissner plate theory.[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Reissner, Eric. "Hans Reissner: Engineer, Physicist and Engineering Scientist" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-12-28.
  2. ^ "Ancestral File v4.19". FamilySearch. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  3. ^ Eric Reissner, in The Engineering Science Perspective, Vol. 2, No. 4, December, 1977 (p 97ff)
  4. ^ Ballhaus, W.F. Jr.; Hussaini, M.Y. (2012). Advances in Fluid Dynamics. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 108–109. ISBN 978-1-4612-3684-9.
  5. ^ Zoeller, Horst (19 September 2019). "Reissner Ente". hugojunkers.bplaced.net. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
  6. ^ Hager, Hydraulicians in Europe 1800-2000, Volume 2, p. 1165
  7. ^ Reissner, H. (1916). "Über die Eigengravitation des electrischen Feldes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie". Annalen der Physik (in German). 50 (9): 106. Bibcode:1916AnP...355..106R. doi:10.1002/andp.19163550905.
  8. ^ "Eric Reissner". NNDB.
[edit]
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