Jump to content

Félix-Marie Abel: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Reverted edits by Rubbish computer (talk) to last version by Shrike
m Removed invalid generic author. Source does not mention author.
 
(28 intermediate revisions by 11 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|French archaeologist and geographer (1878–1953)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2018}}
[[File:Félix-Marie_Abel.png|thumb|right|Félix-Marie Abel]]
[[File:Félix-Marie_Abel.png|thumb|right|Félix-Marie Abel]]
'''Félix-Marie Abel''' (December 29, 1878 – March 24, 1953)<ref name=dictionnaire>{{Cite journal|date=March 31, 2015|title=Abel, Félix-Marie|url=https://journals.openedition.org/dominicains/2423|journal=Dictionnaire biographique des frères prêcheurs. Dominicains des provinces françaises (XIXe-XXe siècles)|language=fr|issn=2431-8736|accessdate=May 15, 2018}}</ref> was a French archaeologist, a geographer, and a professor at the [[École Biblique]] in [[Jerusalem]]. A [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] priest, he was one of the most prominent [[Biblical studies|bible scholars]] in the end of Ottoman era and British Mandate era.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=בר-כוכבא|first=בצלאל|last2=Bar-Kochva|first2=Bezalel|date=2000|title=François-Marie Abel / על פרנסואה-מארי אבל|jstor=23404651|journal=Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv / קתדרה: לתולדות ארץ ישראל ויישובה|issue=97|pages=172–173}}</ref> His work "remains even today the authority on the Greek sources for Palestine", according to [[Benedict T. Viviano]].<ref>{{cite journal|authorlink=Benedict T. Viviano|title=Profiles of Archaeological Institutes: Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem|first=Benedict T.|last=Viviano|journal=[[The Biblical Archaeologist]]|volume=54|issue=3|year=1991|pages=160–67|jstor=3210264}}</ref>
'''Félix-Marie Abel''' (29 December 1878 – 24 March 1953)<ref name="dictionnaire">{{Cite journal |last1= |first1= |date=March 31, 2015 |title=Abel, Félix-Marie |url=https://journals.openedition.org/dominicains/2423 |journal=Dictionnaire Biographique des Frères Prêcheurs. Dominicains des Provinces Françaises (XIXe-XXe Siècles) |language=fr |issn=2431-8736 |access-date=May 15, 2018}}</ref> was a French archaeologist, a geographer, and a professor at the [[École Biblique]] in [[Jerusalem]]. A [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] priest, he was one of the most prominent [[Biblical studies|bible scholars]] in the end of Ottoman era and British Mandate era.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Bar-Kochva|first=Bezalel |author-link=Bezalel Bar-Kochva |date=2000|title=François-Marie Abel / על פרנסואה-מארי אבל|jstor=23404651|journal=Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv / קתדרה: לתולדות ארץ ישראל ויישובה|issue=97|pages=172–173}}</ref> His work "remains even today the authority on the Greek sources for Palestine", according to [[Benedict T. Viviano]].<ref>{{cite journal|authorlink=Benedict T. Viviano|title=Profiles of Archaeological Institutes: Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem|first=Benedict T.|last=Viviano|journal=[[The Biblical Archaeologist]]|volume=54|issue=3|year=1991|pages=160–67|jstor=3210264|doi=10.2307/3210264|s2cid=163407177}}</ref>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Abel was born in [[Saint-Uze]], in the [[Drôme]] department, on December 29, 1878. He was educated at the Preparatory Seminary of [[Valence (city)|Valence]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}} He was ordained on February 1, 1897 at [[St. Maximin's Abbey, Trier|Saint-Maximin]].<ref name=dictionnaire/> In 1897 he arrived in Jerusalem to study in the École Biblique founded by [[Marie-Joseph Lagrange]];<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l0QI4AhFatUC&pg=PA31|title=The Story of Father Marie-Joseph Lagrange: Founder of Modern Catholic Bible Study|last=Montagnes|first=Bernard|date=2006|publisher=Paulist Press|isbn=9780809143337|language=en}}</ref> Lagrange had recruited him (and [[:fr:Raphaël Savignac]]) to help him get "a clear grasp of physical environment and the cultural framework of the Bible". Abel graduated in 1900.<ref name=murphy>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBtvBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA188|pages=185–94|title=Toward the Intelligent Use of Liberty: The Dominican Approaches in Education|editor1-first=Gabrielle|editor1-last=Kelly|editor2-first=Kevin|editor2-last=Saunders|publisher=ATF Press|year=2014|chapter=Reading the Bible in the Land in Which It Was Written: A Dominican Vision|first=Jerome|last=Murphy-O'Connor|isbn=9781922239921}}</ref> In 1905 he became a professor at the École Biblique teaching Church History, Greek, topography, archaeology, and Coptic; he served there until his death in 1953.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195065121.001.0001/acref-9780195065121-e-2|title=Abel, Félix-Marie|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195065121.001.0001/acref-9780195065121-e-2|access-date=|accessdate=May 14, 2018}}</ref> Starting in 1906, he served as guide to scriptural tours through Palestine, Phoenicia, and Syria.{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}}
Abel was born in [[Saint-Uze]], in the [[Drôme]] department, on 29 December 1878. He was educated at the Preparatory Seminary of [[Valence (city)|Valence]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:The_Catholic_encyclopedia_and_its_makers.djvu/13|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia and Its Makers|date=1917|publisher=Encyclopedia Press|language=en}}</ref> He was ordained on 1 February 1897 at [[St. Maximin's Abbey, Trier|Saint-Maximin]].<ref name=dictionnaire/> In 1897 he arrived in Jerusalem to study in the École Biblique founded by [[Marie-Joseph Lagrange]];<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l0QI4AhFatUC&pg=PA31|title=The Story of Father Marie-Joseph Lagrange: Founder of Modern Catholic Bible Study|last=Montagnes|first=Bernard|date=2006|publisher=Paulist Press|isbn=9780809143337|language=en}}</ref> Lagrange had recruited him (and [[:fr:Raphaël Savignac]]) to help him get "a clear grasp of physical environment and the cultural framework of the Bible". Abel graduated in 1900.<ref name=murphy>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBtvBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA188|pages=185–94|title=Toward the Intelligent Use of Liberty: The Dominican Approaches in Education|editor1-first=Gabrielle|editor1-last=Kelly|editor2-first=Kevin|editor2-last=Saunders|publisher=ATF Press|year=2014|chapter=Reading the Bible in the Land in Which It Was Written: A Dominican Vision|first=Jerome|last=Murphy-O'Connor|isbn=9781922239921}}</ref> In 1905 he became a professor at the École Biblique teaching Church History, Greek, topography, archaeology, and Coptic; he served there until his death in 1953.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195065121.001.0001/acref-9780195065121-e-2|title=Abel, Félix-Marie|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195065121.001.0001|access-date=May 14, 2018|year=1997|isbn=9780195065121}}</ref> Starting in 1906, he served as guide to scriptural tours through Palestine, Phoenicia, and Syria.<ref name=":2" />


== Work ==
== Work ==
He published a number of studies in various disciplines—linguistics, geography, and history. His ''Grammaire du Grec Biblique'' is a grammar of [[Koine Greek|Biblical Greek]] (1927).<ref name="murphy" /> Preceded by a volume on Palestine in the [[Guide Bleu]] series of travel guides,<ref name="murphy" /><ref name="RD">{{cite journal|title=Le R. P. Félix-Marie Abel (1878–1953)|author=R. D.|journal=[[Syria (journal)|Syria]]|volume=30|issue=3/4|year=1953|pages=374–75|jstor=4196764}}</ref> his ''Géographie de la Palestine'' (Paris, 1933–1938) treats the political, historical and physical geography from the most remote times until the Byzantine period.<ref name=":0" /> The book has two volumes, the first a physical geography, and the second a historical geography.<ref name="RD" /> The study supports, for instance, the theory of [[William F. Lynch]] that the [[Essenes]] lived in a set of small caves directly above [[Ein Gedi]] (which Lynch had visited in 1848<ref name="Lynch1852">{{cite book|author=William F. Lynch|authorlink=William F. Lynch|title=Narrative of the United States' expedition to the river Jordan and the Dead sea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtsLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR17|accessdate=November 10, 2010|year=1852|publisher=Blanchard and Lea|pages=282–296}}</ref>), a theory later discredited by scholarship.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C3dYCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA249|page=249|title=The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea|first=Joan E.|last=Taylor|authorlink=Joan E. Taylor|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2015|isbn=9780198709749}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=On Pliny, the Essene Location and Kh. Qumran|first=Joan E.|last=Taylor|authorlink=Joan E. Taylor|journal=Dead Sea Discoveries|volume=16|issue=1|year=2009|pages=1–21|jstor=40387637}}</ref> The topographical quality of his work was quite influential: according to [[Jerome Murphy-O'Connor]], "The ten maps he prepared have served as the prime, but often unacknowledged, source of much subsequent topographical identification".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfordbiblicalstudies.com/article/opr/t256/e2?_hi=1&_pos=3|publisher=Oxford Biblical Studies Online|first=Jerome|last=Murphy-O'Connor|accessdate=May 15, 2018|title=Abel, Félix-Marie}}</ref> In 1952 he published ''Histoire de la Palestine depuis la conquête d'Alexandre jusqu'à l'invasion arabe'', a comprehensive history.<ref name="murphy" /> He also edited and translated the [[Book of Joshua]] for the École Biblique's edition of the bible,<ref name="RD" /> translated the [[Books of the Maccabees]] and identified several battle sites of the [[Maccabean Revolt]] and other places that related to [[Hasmonean dynasty]].<ref name=":1" />
He published a number of studies in various disciplines—linguistics, geography, and history. His ''Grammaire du Grec Biblique'' is a grammar of [[Koine Greek|Biblical Greek]] (1927).<ref name="murphy" /> Preceded by a volume on Palestine in the [[Guide Bleu]] series of travel guides,<ref name="murphy" /><ref name="RD">{{cite journal|title=Le R. P. Félix-Marie Abel (1878–1953)|author=R. D.|journal=[[Syria (journal)|Syria]]|volume=30|issue=3/4|year=1953|pages=374–75|jstor=4196764}}</ref> his ''Géographie de la Palestine'' (Paris, 1933–1938) treats the political, historical and physical geography from the most remote times until the Byzantine period.<ref name=":0" /> The book has two volumes, the first a physical geography, and the second a historical geography.<ref name="RD" /> The study supports, for instance, the theory of [[William F. Lynch]] that the [[Essenes]] lived in a set of small caves directly above [[Ein Gedi]] (which Lynch had visited in 1848<ref name="Lynch1852">{{cite book|author=William F. Lynch|authorlink=William F. Lynch|title=Narrative of the United States' expedition to the river Jordan and the Dead sea|url=https://archive.org/details/narrativeunited04lyncgoog|access-date=November 10, 2010|year=1852|publisher=Blanchard and Lea|pages=[https://archive.org/details/narrativeunited04lyncgoog/page/n322 282]–296}}</ref>), a theory later discredited by scholarship.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C3dYCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA249|page=249|title=The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea|first=Joan E.|last=Taylor|authorlink=Joan E. Taylor|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2015|isbn=9780198709749}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=On Pliny, the Essene Location and Kh. Qumran|first=Joan E.|last=Taylor|authorlink=Joan E. Taylor|journal=Dead Sea Discoveries|volume=16|issue=1|year=2009|pages=1–21|jstor=40387637|doi=10.1163/156851709X395777}}</ref> The topographical quality of his work was quite influential: according to [[Jerome Murphy-O'Connor]], "The ten maps he prepared have served as the prime, but often unacknowledged, source of much subsequent topographical identification".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfordbiblicalstudies.com/article/opr/t256/e2?_hi=1&_pos=3|publisher=Oxford Biblical Studies Online|first=Jerome|last=Murphy-O'Connor|access-date=May 15, 2018|title=Abel, Félix-Marie}}</ref> In 1952 he published ''Histoire de la Palestine depuis la conquête d'Alexandre jusqu'à l'invasion arabe'', a comprehensive history.<ref name="murphy" /> He also edited and translated the [[Book of Joshua]] for the École Biblique's edition of the bible,<ref name="RD" /> translated the [[Books of the Maccabees]] and identified several battle sites of the [[Maccabean Revolt]] and other places that related to [[Hasmonean dynasty]].<ref name=":1" />


He contributed articles to the ''Revue Biblique'' and the ''Catholic Encyclopedia''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=oZQuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA10&dq=William+Francis+Barry+%2B+Catholic+Encyclopedia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj78ObKp9LgAhWsiOAKHbb-BNoQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=W.H.%20Grattan%20Flood&f=false "Reverend, Félix-Marie", ''The Catholic Encyclopedia and Its Makers'', Encylopedia Press, Incorporated, 1917, p. 1]{{PD-notice}}</ref>
He contributed articles to the ''Revue Biblique'' and the ''Catholic Encyclopedia''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=oZQuAAAAYAAJ&q=W.H.+Grattan+Flood&pg=PA10 "Reverend, Félix-Marie", ''The Catholic Encyclopedia and Its Makers'', Encyclopedia Press, Incorporated, 1917, p. 1]{{PD-notice}}</ref>


With [[Louis-Hugues Vincent]] he published a number of works, the most famous of which are the three volumes of topographic-archaeological-historical studies on the city of Jerusalem. They worked together also at the excavations of [[Emmaus Nicopolis|Emmaus]], on research on the [[Cave of the Patriarchs]] in Hebron, and at the [[Church of the Nativity]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=בן-אריה|first=יהושע|last2=Ben-Arieh|first2=Yehoshua|date=1999|title=Non-Jewish Institutions and the Research of Palestine during the British Mandate Period: Part Two / המוסדות הזרים לארכאולוגיה ולחקירת ארץ-ישראל בתקופת המנדט: חלק ב|jstor=23404547|journal=Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv / קתדרה: לתולדות ארץ ישראל ויישובה|issue=93|pages=111–142}}</ref> With Savignac he argued that archeological remains beneath the [[St. Stephen's Basilica, Jerusalem]], which houses the École Biblique, were those of the basilica built by [[Aelia Eudocia|Empress Eudocia]] in the 5th century CE, but not that this was also the site of the stoning of [[Saint Stephen|Saint Stephen the Protomartyr]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Dossier on Stephen, the First Martyr|first=François|last=Bovon|authorlink=François Bovon|journal=[[The Harvard Theological Review]]|volume=96|issue=3|year=2003|pages=279–315|jstor=4151873}}</ref>
With [[Louis-Hugues Vincent]] he published a number of works, the most famous of which are the three volumes of topographic-archaeological-historical studies on the city of Jerusalem. They worked together also at the excavations of [[Emmaus Nicopolis|Emmaus]], on research on the [[Cave of the Patriarchs]] in Hebron, and at the [[Church of the Nativity]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=בן-אריה|first1=יהושע|last2=Ben-Arieh|first2=Yehoshua|date=1999|title=Non-Jewish Institutions and the Research of Palestine during the British Mandate Period: Part Two / המוסדות הזרים לארכאולוגיה ולחקירת ארץ-ישראל בתקופת המנדט: חלק ב|jstor=23404547|journal=Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv / קתדרה: לתולדות ארץ ישראל ויישובה|issue=93|pages=111–142}}</ref> With Savignac he argued that archeological remains beneath the [[St. Stephen's Basilica, Jerusalem]], which houses the École Biblique, were those of the basilica built by [[Aelia Eudocia|Empress Eudocia]] in the 5th century CE, but not that this was also the site of the stoning of [[Saint Stephen|Saint Stephen the Protomartyr]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Dossier on Stephen, the First Martyr|first=François|last=Bovon|authorlink=François Bovon|journal=[[The Harvard Theological Review]]|volume=96|issue=3|year=2003|pages=279–315|jstor=4151873|doi=10.1017/S0017816003000452|s2cid=163011297}}</ref>


== Bibliography ==
== Bibliography, books ==
⚫
* Vincent, L.-H., and F.-M. Abel. ''Jérusalem: Recherches de topographie, d'archéologie et d'histoire''
⚫
**Vol. 1, [https://archive.org/details/jrusalemrecherc00abelgoog ''Jérusalem antique'']. Paris, 1912.
⚫
**Vol. 2 (1st part), [https://archive.org/details/p1jrusalemrecher02vinc/page/n8/mode/1up ''Jérusalem nouvelle'']. Paris, 1914.
**Vol. 2 (2nd part), [https://archive.org/details/jrusalemrecher02vincuoft ''Jérusalem nouvelle'']. Paris, 1922.
⚫
*{{cite book|title=Bethléem, le sanctuaire de la nativité|volume= 1|url=https://archive.org/details/bethlemlesanct00vincuoft |first1=L.-H.|last1=Vincent|authorlink1=Louis-Hugues Vincent|first2=Félix-Marie|last2=Abel|authorlink2=Félix-Marie Abel |year=1914|location=Paris|language=French|publisher= Paris, J. Gabalda}}
⚫
*{{cite book|title=Hébron: Le Haram el-Khalîl, sépulture des patriarches|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k34062463/f17.image |first1=L.-H.|last1=Vincent|authorlink1=Louis-Hugues Vincent|first2=Félix-Marie|last2=Abel|authorlink2=Félix-Marie Abel |year=1923|publisher=Ernest Leroux|language=French}}
⚫
*{{cite book|title=Emmaüs, Sa Basilique Et Son Histoire|volume= 1|url=https://archive.org/details/VincentEtAbelEmmausSaBasiliqueEtSonHistoire |first1=L.-H.|last1=Vincent|authorlink1=Louis-Hugues Vincent|first2=Félix-Marie|last2=Abel|authorlink2=Félix-Marie Abel |year=1932|location=Paris|language=French}}
* Abel, Félix-Marie. ''Grammaire du Grec biblique suivie d'un choix de Papyrus''. Paris, 1927.
* Abel, Félix-Marie. ''Grammaire du Grec biblique suivie d'un choix de Papyrus''. Paris, 1927.
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.no/books?id=0DlkvgAACAAJ|first=F. M. |last=Abel|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel|year=1933|title=Geographie de la Palestine|volume=1 2 Geographie Politique|publisher=Librairie Lecoffre}}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0DlkvgAACAAJ|first=F. M. |last=Abel|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel|year=1933|title=Geographie de la Palestine|volume=1 2 Geographie Politique|publisher=Librairie Lecoffre}}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lYC9AQAACAAJ |first=F. M. |last=Abel|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel|year=1938|title=Geographie de la Palestine|volume=2 Geographie Politique. Les villes|publisher=Librairie Lecoffre}}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lYC9AQAACAAJ |first=F. M. |last=Abel|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel|year=1938|title=Geographie de la Palestine|volume=2 Geographie Politique. Les villes|publisher=Librairie Lecoffre}}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=527eswEACAAJ|first=F. M.|last=Abel|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel|year=1949|title=Les livres des Maccabées|publisher=Éditions du Cerf}}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=527eswEACAAJ|first=F. M.|last=Abel|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel|year=1949|title=Les livres des Maccabées|publisher=Éditions du Cerf}}
* Abel, Félix-Marie. ''Histoire de la Palestine depuis la conquête d'Alexandre jusqu'à l'invasion arabe''. Paris, 1952.
* Abel, F.-M. ''Histoire de la Palestine depuis la conquête d'Alexandre jusqu'à l'invasion arabe''. Paris, 1952.

⚫
*{{cite book|title=Bethléem, le sanctuaire de la nativité|volume= 1|url=https://archive.org/details/bethlemlesanct00vincuoft |first1=Louis-Hugues|last1=Vincent|authorlink1=Louis-Hugues Vincent|first2=Félix-Marie|last2=Abel|authorlink2=Félix-Marie Abel |year=1914|location=Paris|language=French}}
== Bibliography, articles (partial list)==
⚫
*{{cite book|title=Hébron: Le Haram el-Khalîl, sépulture des patriarches|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nipCMQAACAAJ |first1=Louis-Hugues|last1=Vincent|authorlink1=Louis-Hugues Vincent|first2=Félix-Marie|last2=Abel|authorlink2=Félix-Marie Abel |year=1923|publisher=Ernest Leroux|language=French}}
*{{cite journal | author = Abel, F.-M.| authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel| title = Document ephigraphique sur le patriarche Eustochios| journal = [[Revue Biblique]] | volume = 16 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/revuebiblique1619unse/page/275/mode/1up 275]-[https://archive.org/details/revuebiblique1619unse/page/276/mode/1up 276] |url = https://archive.org/details/revuebiblique1619unse/page/n6/mode/1up| year = 1907}}
⚫
* Vincent, L.-H., and Félix-Marie Abel. ''Jérusalem: Recherches de topographie, d'archéologie et d'histoire''
*{{cite journal | author = Abel, F.-M.|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel| title = La maison d'Abraham a Hebron| url = https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/138/mode/1up| journal = Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society| volume =I | year=1920 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/138/mode/1up 138]-[https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/142/mode/1up 142]|language=French}}
⚫
**Vol. 1, [https://archive.org/details/jrusalemrecherc00abelgoog ''Jérusalem antique'']. Paris, 1912.
*{{cite journal | author = Abel, F.-M.|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel| title = Le Tombeau d'lsaie| url= https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/259/mode/1up| journal = Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society| volume =II | year=1922 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/259/mode/1up 25]-[https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/267/mode/1up 33]|language=French}}
⚫
**Vol. 2, [https://archive.org/details/jrusalemrecher02vincuoft ''Jérusalem nouvelle'']. Paris, 1922.
*{{cite journal | author = Abel, F.-M.|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel| title = Le culte de Jonas en Palestine| url=https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/411/mode/1up | journal = Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society| volume =II | year=1922 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/411/mode/1up 175]-[https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/419/mode/1up 183]|language=French}}
⚫
*{{cite book|title=Emmaüs, Sa Basilique Et Son Histoire|volume= 1|url=https://archive.org/details/VincentEtAbelEmmausSaBasiliqueEtSonHistoire |first1=Louis-Hugues|last1=Vincent|authorlink1=Louis-Hugues Vincent|first2=Félix-Marie|last2=Abel|authorlink2=Félix-Marie Abel |year=1932|location=Paris|language=French}}
*{{cite journal | author = Abel, F.-M.|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel| title = Le Sud Palestinien d'apres la carte mosaique de Madaba| url=https://digital.soas.ac.uk/AA00000665/00004/119x| journal = Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society| volume =IV | year=1924 |pages=[https://digital.soas.ac.uk/AA00000665/00004/119x 107]-[https://digital.soas.ac.uk/AA00000665/00004/129x 117]|language=French}}
== Articles ==
*{{cite journal | author = F.-M. Abel | authorlink =Félix-Marie Abel | title = La Maison d’Abraham a Hebron | url = https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/138/mode/1up| journal = Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society | volume = 1 | year = 1920 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/journalofpalesti01paleuoft/page/138/mode/1up 138]–142}}
*{{cite journal | author = Abel, F.-M. | authorlink =Félix-Marie Abel | title = L'etat de la Cite de Jerusalem au XII siecle| url = https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.73308/page/n54/mode/1up| journal = Jerusalem 1920-1922 | location = London | year = 1924 | pages =33–40}}
*{{cite journal | author = F.-M. Abel | authorlink =Félix-Marie Abel | title = L’etat de la Cite de Jerusalem au XII siecle| url = https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.73308/page/n54/mode/1up| journal = Jerusalem 1920-1922 | location = London | year = 1924 | pages =33-40}}
*{{cite journal | author = Abel, F.-M.|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel| title = La Liste des Donations des Baibars en Palestine d'apres la Charte de 663 H. (1265)| journal = Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society| volume =XIX | year=1939–40 |pages= 38–44}}

==See also==
*[[Pro-Jerusalem Society]] (1918-1926) - Père Abel was a member of its leading Council


== References ==
== References ==
Line 44: Line 55:
[[Category:People from Drôme]]
[[Category:People from Drôme]]
[[Category:Contributors to the Catholic Encyclopedia]]
[[Category:Contributors to the Catholic Encyclopedia]]
[[Category:Palestinologists]]

Latest revision as of 08:28, 29 June 2024

Félix-Marie Abel

Félix-Marie Abel (29 December 1878 – 24 March 1953)[1] was a French archaeologist, a geographer, and a professor at the École Biblique in Jerusalem. A Dominican priest, he was one of the most prominent bible scholars in the end of Ottoman era and British Mandate era.[2] His work "remains even today the authority on the Greek sources for Palestine", according to Benedict T. Viviano.[3]

Biography

[edit]

Abel was born in Saint-Uze, in the Drôme department, on 29 December 1878. He was educated at the Preparatory Seminary of Valence.[4] He was ordained on 1 February 1897 at Saint-Maximin.[1] In 1897 he arrived in Jerusalem to study in the École Biblique founded by Marie-Joseph Lagrange;[5] Lagrange had recruited him (and fr:Raphaël Savignac) to help him get "a clear grasp of physical environment and the cultural framework of the Bible". Abel graduated in 1900.[6] In 1905 he became a professor at the École Biblique teaching Church History, Greek, topography, archaeology, and Coptic; he served there until his death in 1953.[7] Starting in 1906, he served as guide to scriptural tours through Palestine, Phoenicia, and Syria.[4]

Work

[edit]

He published a number of studies in various disciplines—linguistics, geography, and history. His Grammaire du Grec Biblique is a grammar of Biblical Greek (1927).[6] Preceded by a volume on Palestine in the Guide Bleu series of travel guides,[6][8] his Géographie de la Palestine (Paris, 1933–1938) treats the political, historical and physical geography from the most remote times until the Byzantine period.[7] The book has two volumes, the first a physical geography, and the second a historical geography.[8] The study supports, for instance, the theory of William F. Lynch that the Essenes lived in a set of small caves directly above Ein Gedi (which Lynch had visited in 1848[9]), a theory later discredited by scholarship.[10][11] The topographical quality of his work was quite influential: according to Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, "The ten maps he prepared have served as the prime, but often unacknowledged, source of much subsequent topographical identification".[12] In 1952 he published Histoire de la Palestine depuis la conquête d'Alexandre jusqu'à l'invasion arabe, a comprehensive history.[6] He also edited and translated the Book of Joshua for the École Biblique's edition of the bible,[8] translated the Books of the Maccabees and identified several battle sites of the Maccabean Revolt and other places that related to Hasmonean dynasty.[2]

He contributed articles to the Revue Biblique and the Catholic Encyclopedia.[13]

With Louis-Hugues Vincent he published a number of works, the most famous of which are the three volumes of topographic-archaeological-historical studies on the city of Jerusalem. They worked together also at the excavations of Emmaus, on research on the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron, and at the Church of the Nativity.[14] With Savignac he argued that archeological remains beneath the St. Stephen's Basilica, Jerusalem, which houses the École Biblique, were those of the basilica built by Empress Eudocia in the 5th century CE, but not that this was also the site of the stoning of Saint Stephen the Protomartyr.[15]

Bibliography, books

[edit]
  • Vincent, L.-H., and F.-M. Abel. Jérusalem: Recherches de topographie, d'archéologie et d'histoire
  • Vincent, L.-H.; Abel, Félix-Marie (1914). Bethléem, le sanctuaire de la nativité (in French). Vol. 1. Paris: Paris, J. Gabalda.
  • Vincent, L.-H.; Abel, Félix-Marie (1923). Hébron: Le Haram el-Khalîl, sépulture des patriarches (in French). Ernest Leroux.
  • Vincent, L.-H.; Abel, Félix-Marie (1932). Emmaüs, Sa Basilique Et Son Histoire (in French). Vol. 1. Paris.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Abel, Félix-Marie. Grammaire du Grec biblique suivie d'un choix de Papyrus. Paris, 1927.
  • Abel, F. M. (1933). Geographie de la Palestine. Vol. 1 2 Geographie Politique. Librairie Lecoffre.
  • Abel, F. M. (1938). Geographie de la Palestine. Vol. 2 Geographie Politique. Les villes. Librairie Lecoffre.
  • Abel, F. M. (1949). Les livres des Maccabées. Éditions du Cerf.
  • Abel, F.-M. Histoire de la Palestine depuis la conquête d'Alexandre jusqu'à l'invasion arabe. Paris, 1952.

Bibliography, articles (partial list)

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Abel, Félix-Marie". Dictionnaire Biographique des Frères Prêcheurs. Dominicains des Provinces Françaises (XIXe-XXe Siècles) (in French). March 31, 2015. ISSN 2431-8736. Retrieved May 15, 2018.
  2. ^ a b Bar-Kochva, Bezalel (2000). "François-Marie Abel / על פרנסואה-מארי אבל". Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv / קתדרה: לתולדות ארץ ישראל ויישובה (97): 172–173. JSTOR 23404651.
  3. ^ Viviano, Benedict T. (1991). "Profiles of Archaeological Institutes: Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem". The Biblical Archaeologist. 54 (3): 160–67. doi:10.2307/3210264. JSTOR 3210264. S2CID 163407177.
  4. ^ a b The Catholic Encyclopedia and Its Makers. Encyclopedia Press. 1917.
  5. ^ Montagnes, Bernard (2006). The Story of Father Marie-Joseph Lagrange: Founder of Modern Catholic Bible Study. Paulist Press. ISBN 9780809143337.
  6. ^ a b c d Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome (2014). "Reading the Bible in the Land in Which It Was Written: A Dominican Vision". In Kelly, Gabrielle; Saunders, Kevin (eds.). Toward the Intelligent Use of Liberty: The Dominican Approaches in Education. ATF Press. pp. 185–94. ISBN 9781922239921.
  7. ^ a b "Abel, Félix-Marie". Oxford University Press. 1997. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195065121.001.0001. ISBN 9780195065121. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  8. ^ a b c R. D. (1953). "Le R. P. Félix-Marie Abel (1878–1953)". Syria. 30 (3/4): 374–75. JSTOR 4196764.
  9. ^ William F. Lynch (1852). Narrative of the United States' expedition to the river Jordan and the Dead sea. Blanchard and Lea. pp. 282–296. Retrieved November 10, 2010.
  10. ^ Taylor, Joan E. (2015). The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea. Oxford University Press. p. 249. ISBN 9780198709749.
  11. ^ Taylor, Joan E. (2009). "On Pliny, the Essene Location and Kh. Qumran". Dead Sea Discoveries. 16 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1163/156851709X395777. JSTOR 40387637.
  12. ^ Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome. "Abel, Félix-Marie". Oxford Biblical Studies Online. Retrieved May 15, 2018.
  13. ^ "Reverend, Félix-Marie", The Catholic Encyclopedia and Its Makers, Encyclopedia Press, Incorporated, 1917, p. 1Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  14. ^ בן-אריה, יהושע; Ben-Arieh, Yehoshua (1999). "Non-Jewish Institutions and the Research of Palestine during the British Mandate Period: Part Two / המוסדות הזרים לארכאולוגיה ולחקירת ארץ-ישראל בתקופת המנדט: חלק ב". Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv / קתדרה: לתולדות ארץ ישראל ויישובה (93): 111–142. JSTOR 23404547.
  15. ^ Bovon, François (2003). "The Dossier on Stephen, the First Martyr". The Harvard Theological Review. 96 (3): 279–315. doi:10.1017/S0017816003000452. JSTOR 4151873. S2CID 163011297.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Félix-Marie_Abel&oldid=1231618193"