Bartonegtaviriform: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Genus of viruses}} |
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'''''Bartonegtaviriform''''' is a [[genus]] of [[ |
'''''Bartonegtaviriform''''' is a [[genus]] of [[viriform]]s in the family [[Bartogtaviriformidae]]. It includes one species: ''Bartonegtaviriform andersoni'' (BaGTA), which is a [[Gene transfer agent#BaGTA/Bartonegtaviriform (Bartonella species)|gene transfer agent]], found within bacteria of the genus ''[[Bartonella]]''. <ref name="ICTV">{{cite web |title=Virus Taxonomy: 2022 Release |url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy |website=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |access-date=13 August 2023 |language=en |date=March 2023}}</ref> |
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==Name== |
==Name== |
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The family name, '' |
The family name, Bartogtaviriformidae'','' is a [[portmanteau]] of ''Barto'', from "host" ''Bartonella'', ''gta'' from [[gene transfer agent]] and ''viriformidae'', the fact that it is a viriform.<ref name="andersoni">{{cite web |title= Proposal 2022.001G.GTA_viriforms Download |
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The genus name, '' |
The genus name, ''Bartonegtaviriform,'' is a combination of ''Bartone'', from "host" ''Bartonella'', ''gta'' from gene transfer agent and viriform, the fact that it is a viriform.<ref name="andersoni"/> |
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The species name, |
The species name, ''andersoni'' is named after GTA researcher Burt Anderson, who first discovered BaGTA particles.<ref name="andersoni"/> |
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==Gene transfer agents== |
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==GTAs== |
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GTAs can be considered as a form of “domesticated” |
GTAs can be considered as a form of “domesticated” [[prophage]]—that is, ancestrally derived from a [[bacteriophage]] [[genome]], but altered by the host to confer an adaptive benefit—and thus represent one of many [[phage]]-derived adaptive functions observed in bacterial genomes.<ref name="Québatte2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Québatte M , Christen M, Harms A, Körner J, Christen B, Dehio C | title = Gene Transfer Agent Promotes Evolvability within the Fittest Subpopulation of a Bacterial Pathogen | journal = Cell Systems | volume = 4 | issue = 6 | pages = 611–621.e6 | date = June 2017 | pmid = 28624614 | pmc = 5496983 | doi = 10.1016/j.cels.2017.05.011 }}</ref> |
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==Phylogeny== |
==Phylogeny== |
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Genomic sequence analysis |
Genomic sequence analysis revealed that all bacteria of the genus ''Bartonella'' are characterized by the presence of a ''Bartonella''-specific GTA (BaGTA), which shares no homologies to previously described GTA systems. BaGTA is encoded upstream from an origin of run-off replication (ROR), another conserved feature of ''Bartonella'' genomes that has been suggested to be linked to BaGTA activity. Phylogenetic analyses identified BaGTA as a key innovation associated with the adaptive radiation that characterizes these [[Zoonosis|zoonotic]] bacterial pathogens. Although BaGTA is not directly linked to Bartonella pathogenicity, it has been proposed to drive the exchange and the diversification of host-interaction factors within Bartonella communities such as VirB type IV secretion system ([[T4SS]]) and its cognate Bartonella effector proteins. Maintenance of BaGTA is likely driven by selection to increase the likelihood of genetic exchange and facilitates adaptation to host-specific defense systems during infection.<ref name="Québatte2017" /> |
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==Role== |
==Role== |
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Despite clear genomics-based arguments pointing to a central role for BaGTA in Bartonella biology, direct experimental evidence for its activity are scarce and the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity and regulation |
Despite clear genomics-based arguments pointing to a central role for BaGTA in ''Bartonella'' biology, direct experimental evidence for its activity are scarce and the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity and regulation remain elusive.<ref name="Québatte2017" /> |
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==Genome== |
==Genome== |
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BaGTA particles are larger than RcGTA and contain 14 kb DNA fragments. Although this capacity could in principle allow BaGTA to package and transmit its 14 kb GTA cluster, |
BaGTA particles are larger than RcGTA and contain 14 kb [[DNA]] fragments. Although this capacity could in principle allow BaGTA to package and transmit its 14 kb GTA cluster, DNA coverage measurements show reduced coverage of the cluster. An adjacent region of high coverage is thought to be due to local DNA replication.<ref name="Berglund2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Berglund EC, Frank AC, Calteau A, Vinnere Pettersson O, Granberg F, Eriksson AS, Näslund K, Holmberg M, Lindroos H, Andersson SG | title = Run-off replication of host-adaptability genes is associated with gene transfer agents in the genome of mouse-infecting Bartonella grahamii | journal = PLOS Genetics | volume = 5 | issue = 7 | pages = e1000546 | date = July 2009 | pmid = 19578403 | pmc = 2697382 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000546 | doi-access = free }}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from1=Q118442091|from2=Q118466127}} |
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[[Category:Virus genera]] |
[[Category:Virus genera]] |
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Latest revision as of 17:53, 4 July 2024
| Bartonegtaviriform | |
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Virus classification 
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| (unranked): | Virus |
| Family: | Bartogtaviriformidae |
| Genus: | Bartonegtaviriform |
| Species | |
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| Synonyms | |
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Bartonegtaviriform andersoni
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Bartonegtaviriform is a genus of viriforms in the family Bartogtaviriformidae. It includes one species: Bartonegtaviriform andersoni (BaGTA), which is a gene transfer agent, found within bacteria of the genus Bartonella. [1]
Name
[edit]The family name, Bartogtaviriformidae, is a portmanteau of Barto, from "host" Bartonella, gta from gene transfer agent and viriformidae, the fact that it is a viriform.[2]
The genus name, Bartonegtaviriform, is a combination of Bartone, from "host" Bartonella, gta from gene transfer agent and viriform, the fact that it is a viriform.[2]
The species name, andersoni is named after GTA researcher Burt Anderson, who first discovered BaGTA particles.[2]
Gene transfer agents
[edit]GTAs can be considered as a form of “domesticated” prophage—that is, ancestrally derived from a bacteriophage genome, but altered by the host to confer an adaptive benefit—and thus represent one of many phage-derived adaptive functions observed in bacterial genomes.[3]
Phylogeny
[edit]Genomic sequence analysis revealed that all bacteria of the genus Bartonella are characterized by the presence of a Bartonella-specific GTA (BaGTA), which shares no homologies to previously described GTA systems. BaGTA is encoded upstream from an origin of run-off replication (ROR), another conserved feature of Bartonella genomes that has been suggested to be linked to BaGTA activity. Phylogenetic analyses identified BaGTA as a key innovation associated with the adaptive radiation that characterizes these zoonotic bacterial pathogens. Although BaGTA is not directly linked to Bartonella pathogenicity, it has been proposed to drive the exchange and the diversification of host-interaction factors within Bartonella communities such as VirB type IV secretion system (T4SS) and its cognate Bartonella effector proteins. Maintenance of BaGTA is likely driven by selection to increase the likelihood of genetic exchange and facilitates adaptation to host-specific defense systems during infection.[3]
Role
[edit]Despite clear genomics-based arguments pointing to a central role for BaGTA in Bartonella biology, direct experimental evidence for its activity are scarce and the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity and regulation remain elusive.[3]
Genome
[edit]BaGTA particles are larger than RcGTA and contain 14 kb DNA fragments. Although this capacity could in principle allow BaGTA to package and transmit its 14 kb GTA cluster, DNA coverage measurements show reduced coverage of the cluster. An adjacent region of high coverage is thought to be due to local DNA replication.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2022 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
- ^ a b c "Proposal 2022.001G.GTA_viriforms Download". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 18 August 2023.
- ^ a b c Québatte M, Christen M, Harms A, Körner J, Christen B, Dehio C (June 2017). "Gene Transfer Agent Promotes Evolvability within the Fittest Subpopulation of a Bacterial Pathogen". Cell Systems. 4 (6): 611–621.e6. doi:10.1016/j.cels.2017.05.011. PMC 5496983. PMID 28624614.
- ^ Berglund EC, Frank AC, Calteau A, Vinnere Pettersson O, Granberg F, Eriksson AS, Näslund K, Holmberg M, Lindroos H, Andersson SG (July 2009). "Run-off replication of host-adaptability genes is associated with gene transfer agents in the genome of mouse-infecting Bartonella grahamii". PLOS Genetics. 5 (7): e1000546. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000546. PMC 2697382. PMID 19578403.
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