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Coordinates: 39°0′N 86°0′W / 39.000°N 86.000°W / 39.000; -86.000
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| caption_align = center
| caption_align = center
| border = infobox
| border = infobox
| total_width = 280
| total_width = 300
| image1 = EvansvilleSkyline.jpg
| image1 = EvansvilleSkyline.jpg
| alt1 = Skyline of Evansville, Indiana
| alt1 = Skyline of Evansville, Indiana
| caption1 = [[Evansville, Indiana|Evansville]] skyline
| caption1 = [[Evansville, Indiana|Evansville]] skyline
| image2 = HickoryRidgeTower-NW.jpg
| image2 = HickoryRidgeTower-NW.jpg
| alt2 = Charles C. Dream Wilderness Area in Hoosier National Forest
| alt2 = Charles C. Deam Wilderness Area in Hoosier National Forest
| caption2 = [[Charles C. Deam Wilderness Area]] in [[Hoosier National Forest]]
| caption2 = [[Charles C. Deam Wilderness Area]] in [[Hoosier National Forest]]
| image3 = Sample Gates, Indiana University Bloomington, 2010.jpg
| image3 = Sample Gates, Indiana University Bloomington, 2010.jpg
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| alt5 = North Christian Church
| alt5 = North Christian Church
| caption5 = [[North Christian Church]] in [[Columbus, Indiana|Columbus]]
| caption5 = [[North Christian Church]] in [[Columbus, Indiana|Columbus]]
| image6 = George Rogers Clark Memorial in National Historic Park.jpg
| image6 = Indiana's Historic Pathways - Looking at the George Rogers Clark Memorial - NARA - 7719562.jpg
| alt6 = George Rogers Clark National Historical Park
| alt6 = George Rogers Clark National Historical Park
| caption6 = [[George Rogers Clark National Historical Park]]
| caption6 = [[George Rogers Clark National Historical Park]]
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| caption7 = [[Ohio River]] near [[Harrison County, Indiana|Harrison County]]
| caption7 = [[Ohio River]] near [[Harrison County, Indiana|Harrison County]]
}}
}}
|image_map=Southern Indiana.PNG
|image_map = Southern Indiana.PNG
|postal_code=[[List of ZIP code prefixes#Starts with 4|470–478]]
|postal_code = [[List of ZIP code prefixes#Starts with 4|470–478]]
|area_code=[[Area code 812|812, 930]]
|area_code = [[Area code 812|812/930]]
|population_total=1373631
|population_total = 1,386,568
|population_footnotes =
|population_footnotes=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ |title=US Census Bureau |access-date=2013-10-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013222920/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ |archive-date=2013-10-13 }}</ref>
|population_as_of=2010
|population_as_of = 2020
⚫
|settlement_type = [[Geography of Indiana|Region]]
|timezone1=[[Central Time zone|Central]]
|timezone2=[[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern]]
|timezone1 = [[Central Time zone|Central]]
|timezone2 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern]]
|coordinates={{coord|39|0|N|86|0|W|region:US-IN_scale:750000|display=title,inline}}
|coordinates = {{coord|39|0|N|86|0|W|region:US-IN_scale:750000|display=title,inline}}
}}
}}
'''Southern Indiana''' is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises the southern third of the [[United States|U.S.]] state of [[Indiana]] and borders the states of [[Illinois]] to the west, [[Kentucky]] to the south, and [[Ohio]] to the east. Spanning the state's southernmost 33 counties, its main population centers include [[Southwestern Indiana]] (anchored by the city of [[Evansville]]), the [[Louisville metropolitan area]] (south), and the [[Cincinnati metropolitan area]] (southeast). The region's history and geography have led to a blending of [[Northern United States|Northern]] and [[Southern United States|Southern]] cultures, distinct from the rest of the state. It is often considered to be part of the [[Upland South]] and lower Midwest.<ref>Madison, James H. (August 28, 2014). [https://www.indianapolismonthly.com/arts-and-culture/the-story-of-us-indiana-history-hoosiers The Story of Us]. ''Indianapolis Monthly''. Retrieved February 18, 2021.</ref>
'''Southern Indiana''' is a region consisting of the southern third of the U.S. state of [[Indiana]].


The [[Wabash River|Wabash]] and [[Ohio River|Ohio]] rivers form the region's western and southern boundaries, respectively. Elevation ranges from around {{convert|360|ft|m}} [[Height above mean sea level|above mean sea level]] at the rivers' confluence to {{convert|1060|ft|m|}} at the highest point in the [[Knobstone Escarpment]]. Southern Indiana's topography is considerably more varied than Central and [[Northern Indiana]], including large tracts of forest, rolling hills, and [[karst]] caves. The region is also home to the oldest exposed [[Devonian]] fossil beds in the world at the [[Falls of the Ohio National Wildlife Conservation Area]]. Situated in the [[Wabash Valley Seismic Zone]], Southwestern Indiana is at elevated risk for earthquakes.
The region's history and geography has led to a blend of [[Northern United States|Northern]] and [[Southern United States|Southern]] culture distinct from the remainder of Indiana. It is often considered to be part of the [[Upland South]] and lower Midwest.<ref>Madison, James H. (August 28, 2014). [https://www.indianapolismonthly.com/arts-and-culture/the-story-of-us-indiana-history-hoosiers The Story of Us]. ''Indianapolis Monthly''. Retrieved February 18, 2021.</ref> Southern Indiana was the first area of the state to be settled, and Indiana's first state capital was located in [[Corydon, Indiana|Corydon]] in [[Harrison County, Indiana|Harrison County]] near the [[Ohio River]]. The city of [[Vincennes, Indiana|Vincennes]], located in the region, is the oldest continually inhabited settlement in Indiana and was the first capital of the [[Indiana Territory]].


Southern Indiana, home to about 1.4 million people, was the first area of the state to be settled by European colonists. Founded in 1732, [[Vincennes, Indiana|Vincennes]] is the oldest continually inhabited European settlement in Indiana and served as the first capital of the [[Indiana Territory]]; [[Corydon, Indiana|Corydon]] would later serve as the state's first capital. Protected areas include [[Charles C. Deam Wilderness Area]], [[George Rogers Clark National Historical Park]], [[Hoosier National Forest]], and the [[Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial]]. Southern Indiana is home to about a dozen higher education institutions, including [[Indiana University Bloomington]], the flagship campus of the [[Indiana University]] system. The [[Catholic Church]] has a significant presence in the region, including [[Saint Meinrad Archabbey]], the [[Monastery Immaculate Conception]], and [[Mount St. Francis, Indiana|Mount Saint Francis]]. The region is split between the [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern]] and [[Central Time Zone|Central]] [[time zone]]s.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mack |first=Justin L. |date=March 8, 2019 |url=https://www.indystar.com/story/news/2019/03/08/why-indiana-observes-daylight-saving-time-statewide/3092875002/ |title=Looking back at Indiana's complicated relationship with time: Why Indiana observes daylight saving time |work=The Indianapolis Star |access-date=January 26, 2024}}</ref>
The [[Catholic Church]] has a significant presence in the region. Noteworthy Catholic institutions in Southern Indiana include [[St. Meinrad Archabbey]], one of two Catholic archabbeys/seminaries in the United States and [[Mount St. Francis]], a large retreat center in [[Floyd County, Indiana|Floyd County]].


==Geography==
⚫
Southern Indiana also differs from the rest of the state linguistically. [[Southern American English|Southern dialect]] and [[Midland American English#South Midland|South Midland dialect]] of American English are prevalent, as opposed to the [[Inland Northern American English|Inland North dialect]] in far Northern Indiana and the [[Midland American English#(North) Midland|North Midland dialect]] in Central and North-Central Indiana. Southern Indiana is the northernmost extent of the South Midland region, forming what linguists refer to as the "[[Hoosier]] Apex" of the South Midland dialect.
{{Main|Geography of Indiana}}


===Sub-regions===
Southern Indiana's topography is considerably more varied and complex than Central and Northern Indiana, and includes large tracts of forest (such as the [[Hoosier National Forest]]), rolling fields, and sharp hills. Its elevation ranges from around {{convert|360|ft|m}} at the large wide largely flat valleys near the mouth of the [[Wabash River]] along the southwest to the chain of hills {{convert|800|-|1,000|ft|m|abbr=on}} high called the [[Knobstone Escarpment]], or simply "The Knobs" in the south central and southeast. The region also includes the oldest exposed [[Devonian]] fossil beds in the world at the [[Falls of the Ohio National Wildlife Conservation Area|Falls of the Ohio]] state park in [[Clarksville, Indiana|Clarksville]]. In addition the [[Wabash Valley Seismic Zone]] is present underneath much of Southwestern Indiana, which adds the danger of earthquakes to the rest of the state. [[File:St Meinrad ArchAbbey 295 Indiana.JPG|thumb|right|300px|St. Meinrad Archabbey is located in Spencer County in Southern Indiana.]]

The region's largest city is [[Evansville, Indiana|Evansville]], in the [[Southwestern Indiana|southwest corner]] of the state. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 121,582, and a metropolitan population of 342,815. The south-central counties of Clark, Floyd, and Harrison are part of the greater [[Louisville, Kentucky]] [[United States metropolitan area|metropolitan area]] and, according to the 2020 Census, have a combined population of over 240,000.<ref>{{cite web| title=Stats Indiana | publisher=Indiana University | url=http://www.stats.indiana.edu/uspr/a/us_profile_frame.html?S18?C000 | access-date=2008-09-02}}</ref>
⚫
====Kentuckiana====
{{Main|Kentuckiana}}
Kentuckiana, a [[portmanteau]] of "[[Kentucky]]" and "[[Indiana]]", is a loosely defined sub-region that spans north-central Kentucky and Southern Indiana's south-central counties. It is primarily centered on the [[Louisville metropolitan area]]. Counties typically considered part of the Kentuckiana sub-region include:
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
⚫
*[[Clark County, Indiana|Clark]]
*[[Crawford County, Indiana|Crawford]]
⚫
*[[Floyd County, Indiana|Floyd]]
*[[Harrison County, Indiana|Harrison]]
*[[Jackson County, Indiana|Jackson]]
*[[Jefferson County, Indiana|Jefferson]]
*[[Jennings County, Indiana|Jennings]]
*[[Lawrence County, Indiana|Lawrence]]
*[[Orange County, Indiana|Orange]]
*[[Scott County, Indiana|Scott]]
*[[Washington County, Indiana|Washington]]
{{div col end}}

====Southwestern Indiana====
{{Main|Southwestern Indiana}}
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*[[Daviess County, Indiana|Daviess]]
*[[Dubois County, Indiana|Dubois]]
*[[Gibson County, Indiana|Gibson]]
*[[Knox County, Indiana|Knox]]
*[[Martin County, Indiana|Martin]]
*[[Perry County, Indiana|Perry]]
*[[Pike County, Indiana|Pike]]
*[[Posey County, Indiana|Posey]]
*[[Spencer County, Indiana|Spencer]]
*[[Vanderburgh County, Indiana|Vanderburgh]]
*[[Warrick County, Indiana|Warrick]]
{{div col end}}

====Southeastern Indiana====
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*[[Dearborn County, Indiana|Dearborn]]
*[[Decatur County, Indiana|Decatur]]
*[[Franklin County, Indiana|Franklin]]
*[[Ohio County, Indiana|Ohio]]
*[[Ripley County, Indiana|Ripley]]
*[[Switzerland County, Indiana|Switzerland]]
{{div col end}}

====Other counties====
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*[[Bartholomew County, Indiana|Bartholomew]]
*[[Brown County, Indiana|Brown]]
*[[Greene County, Indiana|Greene]]
*[[Monroe County, Indiana|Monroe]]
*[[Sullivan County, Indiana|Sullivan]]
{{div col end}}

===Time zones===
{{Main|Time in Indiana}}
Southwestern Indiana observes [[Central Time zone|Central Time]], including [[Posey County, Indiana|Posey]], [[Vanderburgh County, Indiana|Vanderburgh]], [[Warrick County, Indiana|Warrick]], [[Spencer County, Indiana|Spencer]], and [[Gibson County, Indiana|Gibson]] counties. The rest of Southern Indiana observes [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern Time]].

==Dialect==
⚫
Southern Indiana also differs from the rest of the state linguistically. [[Southern American English|Southern dialect]] and [[Midland American English#South Midland|South Midland dialect]] of American English are prevalent, as opposed to the [[Inland Northern American English|Inland North dialect]] in far Northern Indiana and the [[Midland American English#(North) Midland|North Midland dialect]] in Central and North-Central Indiana. Southern Indiana is the northernmost extent of the South Midland region, forming what linguists refer to as the "[[Hoosier]] Apex" of the South Midland dialect.


==Educational institutions==
==Educational institutions==
About ten accredited institutions of higher education are located throughout Southern Indiana, including some private, liberal arts colleges and multiple public university campuses, including the flagship campus of the [[Indiana University]] system, [[IU Bloomington]]. The "‡" symbol indicates universities whose main campuses are located outside Southern Indiana.
[[File:Indiana University Bloomington - panoramio (8).jpg|thumb|Southern Indiana is home to IU Bloomington, the flagship campus of the Indiana University system, recognized for its [[Academic Structure of Indiana University (Bloomington)|academics]] and [[Indiana Hoosiers]] athletic program.]]
About 12 accredited institutions of higher education are located throughout Southern Indiana, including some private, liberal arts colleges and multiple public university campuses, including the flagship campus of the [[Indiana University]] system, [[IU Bloomington]]. The "‡" symbol indicates universities with main campuses outside Southern Indiana.


===Public===
===Public===
[[File:Indiana University Bloomington - panoramio (8).jpg|thumb|Southern Indiana is home to IU Bloomington, the flagship campus of the Indiana University system, recognized for its [[Academic Structure of Indiana University (Bloomington)|academics]] and [[Indiana Hoosiers]] athletic program.]]
*[[Indiana University Bloomington]]
*[[Indiana University Bloomington]]
⚫
*[[Indiana University Columbus]]
*[[Indiana University Southeast]]
*[[Indiana University Southeast]]
⚫
*[[Indiana University–Purdue University Columbus]]
*[[Ivy Tech Community College]] (12 sites)
*[[Ivy Tech Community College]] (12 sites)
*[[Purdue Polytechnic Institute]]‡ (three sites)
*[[Purdue Polytechnic Institute]]‡ (three sites)
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*[[Indiana Tech]]‡ (Jeffersonville)
*[[Indiana Tech]]‡ (Jeffersonville)
*[[Oakland City University]]
*[[Oakland City University]]
*[[Saint Meinrad School of Theology]]
*[[Saint Meinrad Seminary and School of Theology]]
*[[University of Evansville]]
*[[University of Evansville]]


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===Professional sports===
===Professional sports===
There are two professional sports teams in the region, both located in [[Evansville, IN|Evansville]] – the [[Evansville Thunderbirds]] (founded in 2018), and the [[Evansville Otters]] (founded in 1995) play in baseball's independent [[Frontier League]].
There are two professional sports teams in the region, both located in [[Evansville, IN|Evansville]] – the [[Evansville Thunderbolts]] (founded in 2018), and the [[Evansville Otters]] (founded in 1995) play in baseball's independent [[Frontier League]].


===College sports===
===College sports===
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*[[Southern Illinois]]
*[[Southern Illinois]]
*[[Southern Ohio]]
*[[Southern Ohio]]
⚫
*[[Evansville, Indiana]]
*[[Louisville metropolitan area]]
*[[Cincinnati metropolitan area]]
*[[Evansville metropolitan Area]]
*[[University of Southern Indiana]]
*[[University of Southern Indiana]]
⚫
*[[Geography of Indiana]]
⚫
*[[Southwestern Indiana]]
*[[Illinois–Indiana–Kentucky tri-state area]]
*[[Illinois–Indiana–Kentucky tri-state area]]
⚫
*[[Kentuckiana]]
*[[Wabash Valley]]
*[[Wabash Valley]]


Revision as of 03:54, 5 July 2024

Southern Indiana
Region
Skyline of Evansville, Indiana
Evansville skyline
Charles C. Deam Wilderness Area in Hoosier National Forest
Charles C. Deam Wilderness Area in Hoosier National Forest
Indiana University Bloomington
Indiana University Bloomington
Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial
Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial
North Christian Church
North Christian Church in Columbus
George Rogers Clark National Historical Park
George Rogers Clark National Historical Park
Ohio River near Harrison County
Ohio River near Harrison County
Location of Southern Indiana
Coordinates: 39°0′N 86°0′W / 39.000°N 86.000°W / 39.000; -86.000
Population
 (2020)
 • Total1,386,568
Time zonesCentral
Eastern
Area code812/930

Southern Indiana is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises the southern third of the U.S. state of Indiana and borders the states of Illinois to the west, Kentucky to the south, and Ohio to the east. Spanning the state's southernmost 33 counties, its main population centers include Southwestern Indiana (anchored by the city of Evansville), the Louisville metropolitan area (south), and the Cincinnati metropolitan area (southeast). The region's history and geography have led to a blending of Northern and Southern cultures, distinct from the rest of the state. It is often considered to be part of the Upland South and lower Midwest.[1]

The Wabash and Ohio rivers form the region's western and southern boundaries, respectively. Elevation ranges from around 360 feet (110 m) above mean sea level at the rivers' confluence to 1,060 feet (320 m) at the highest point in the Knobstone Escarpment. Southern Indiana's topography is considerably more varied than Central and Northern Indiana, including large tracts of forest, rolling hills, and karst caves. The region is also home to the oldest exposed Devonian fossil beds in the world at the Falls of the Ohio National Wildlife Conservation Area. Situated in the Wabash Valley Seismic Zone, Southwestern Indiana is at elevated risk for earthquakes.

Southern Indiana, home to about 1.4 million people, was the first area of the state to be settled by European colonists. Founded in 1732, Vincennes is the oldest continually inhabited European settlement in Indiana and served as the first capital of the Indiana Territory; Corydon would later serve as the state's first capital. Protected areas include Charles C. Deam Wilderness Area, George Rogers Clark National Historical Park, Hoosier National Forest, and the Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial. Southern Indiana is home to about a dozen higher education institutions, including Indiana University Bloomington, the flagship campus of the Indiana University system. The Catholic Church has a significant presence in the region, including Saint Meinrad Archabbey, the Monastery Immaculate Conception, and Mount Saint Francis. The region is split between the Eastern and Central time zones.[2]

Geography

Main article: Geography of Indiana

Sub-regions

Kentuckiana

Main article: Kentuckiana

Kentuckiana, a portmanteau of "Kentucky" and "Indiana", is a loosely defined sub-region that spans north-central Kentucky and Southern Indiana's south-central counties. It is primarily centered on the Louisville metropolitan area. Counties typically considered part of the Kentuckiana sub-region include:

Southwestern Indiana

Main article: Southwestern Indiana

Southeastern Indiana

Other counties

Time zones

Main article: Time in Indiana

Southwestern Indiana observes Central Time, including Posey, Vanderburgh, Warrick, Spencer, and Gibson counties. The rest of Southern Indiana observes Eastern Time.

Dialect

Southern Indiana also differs from the rest of the state linguistically. Southern dialect and South Midland dialect of American English are prevalent, as opposed to the Inland North dialect in far Northern Indiana and the North Midland dialect in Central and North-Central Indiana. Southern Indiana is the northernmost extent of the South Midland region, forming what linguists refer to as the "Hoosier Apex" of the South Midland dialect.

Educational institutions

Southern Indiana is home to IU Bloomington, the flagship campus of the Indiana University system, recognized for its academics and Indiana Hoosiers athletic program.

About 12 accredited institutions of higher education are located throughout Southern Indiana, including some private, liberal arts colleges and multiple public university campuses, including the flagship campus of the Indiana University system, IU Bloomington. The "‡" symbol indicates universities with main campuses outside Southern Indiana.

Public

Private

Sports

Professional sports

There are two professional sports teams in the region, both located in Evansville – the Evansville Thunderbolts (founded in 2018), and the Evansville Otters (founded in 1995) play in baseball's independent Frontier League.

College sports

National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I
National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II
National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III
National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA)
National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA)

See also

References

  1. ^ Madison, James H. (August 28, 2014). The Story of Us. Indianapolis Monthly. Retrieved February 18, 2021.
  2. ^ Mack, Justin L. (March 8, 2019). "Looking back at Indiana's complicated relationship with time: Why Indiana observes daylight saving time". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
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