Departments of Colombia: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|National subdivisions in Colombia}} |
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{{More footnotes|date=March 2009}} |
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{{More footnotes needed|date=March 2009}} |
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{{Infobox subdivision type |
{{Infobox subdivision type |
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| name = Capital district and Colombian regions |
| name = Capital district and Colombian regions<br />Distrito Capital y los Departamentos de Colombia ([[Spanish language|Spanish]]) |
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| alt_name = |
| alt_name = |
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| map = {{Colombia map clickable}} |
| map = {{Colombia map clickable}} |
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| category = [[Unitary state]] |
| category = [[Unitary state]] |
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| territory = [[Colombia|Republic of Colombia]] |
| territory = [[Colombia|Republic of Colombia]] |
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| start_date = |
| start_date = |
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| current_number = 32 Departments<br />1 Capital District |
| current_number = 32 Departments<br />1 Capital District |
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| number_date = |
| number_date = |
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| population_range = |
| population_range = 48,932 ([[Vaupés department|Vaupés]]) – 8,906,342 ([[Bogotá|Capital District]]) |
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| area_range = |
| area_range = {{Convert|19.3|sqmi|km2|abbr=on|order=flip}} ([[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|San Andrés]]) – {{Convert|42341.89|sqmi|km2|abbr=on|order=flip}} ([[Amazonas (Colombian department)|Amazonas]]) |
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| government = Department government, [[politics of Colombia| |
| government = Department government, [[politics of Colombia|national government]] |
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| subdivision = [[Provinces of Colombia|Province]], [[municipalities of Colombia|municipality]] |
| subdivision = [[Provinces of Colombia|Province]], [[municipalities of Colombia|municipality]] |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Politics of Colombia}} |
{{Politics of Colombia}} |
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'''Departments of Colombia''' refer to the [[administrative division]]s of [[Colombia]]. {{As of|2024}}, the [[unitary state|unitary republic]] is made up of thirty-two departments. Each department has a [[governor]] and an [[House of Assembly|assembly]], elected by popular vote for a four-year period. |
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'''[[Colombia]]''' is a [[unitary state|unitary republic]] made up of thirty-two '''departments''' ([[Spanish language|Spanish]]: ''departamentos'', sing. ''[[departamento]]'') and a '''Capital District''' (''[[Capital districts and territories|Distrito Capital]]'').<ref name="Portal-Co">{{cite web|title=Division Política de Colombia|publisher=Portal ColombiaYA.com |language=es |url=http://www.colombiaya.com/seccion-colombia/division-politica.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310072713/http://www.colombiaya.com/seccion-colombia/division-politica.html |archivedate=10 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Each department has a governor (''gobernador'') and an Assembly (''Asamblea Departamental''), elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods. Departments are [[administrative division|country subdivisions]] and are granted a certain degree of autonomy. |
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== Current departments == |
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Departments are formed by a grouping of [[municipalities of Colombia|municipalities]] (''municipios'', sing. ''[[municipio]]''). Municipal government is headed by [[mayor]] (''alcalde'') and administered by a [[municipal council]] (''concejo municipal''), both of which are elected for four-year periods. |
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[[Colombia]] is a [[unitary state|unitary republic]] made up of thirty-two [[administrative division]]s referred to as departments ([[Spanish language|Spanish]]: ''departamentos'', sing. {{Lang|es|[[departamento]]}}) and one Capital District (''[[Capital districts and territories|Distrito Capital]]'').<ref name="Portal-Co">{{cite web|title=Division Política de Colombia|publisher=Portal ColombiaYA.com |language=es |url=http://www.colombiaya.com/seccion-colombia/division-politica.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310072713/http://www.colombiaya.com/seccion-colombia/division-politica.html |archive-date=10 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Each department has a governor (''gobernador'') and an Assembly (''Asamblea Departamental''), elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods. Departments are [[administrative division|country subdivisions]] and are granted a certain degree of autonomy. |
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Departments are formed by a grouping of [[municipalities of Colombia|municipalities]] (''municipios'', sing. ''[[municipio]]''). Municipal government is headed by [[mayor]] (''alcalde'') and administered by a [[municipal council]] (''concejo municipal''), both of which are elected by popular vote for four-year periods. |
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Some departments have subdivisions above the level of municipalities, commonly known as [[provinces of Colombia|provinces]]. |
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Some departments have subdivisions above the level of municipalities, commonly known as [[provinces of Colombia|provinces]]. |
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== Chart of departments == |
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Each one of the departments of Colombia in the map below links to a corresponding article. Current governors serving four-year terms from 2015 to 2019 are also shown, along with their respective political party or coalition. |
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{{clear|left}} |
{{clear|left}} |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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|+Departments of Colombia including governors serving four-year terms from 2024 to 2027, along with their respective political party or coalition<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Elecciones Territoriales 2023 - Resultados Electorales |url=https://www.larepublica.co/elecciones-territoriales-2023 |access-date=2024-01-15 |website=La República |language=es}}</ref> |
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! ID |
! ID |
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! Region |
! Region |
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! Governor |
! Governor |
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! Party or Coalition |
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! Established |
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! Party |
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! [[Capital city|Capital]] |
! [[Capital city|Capital]] |
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! Area (km |
! Area (km<sup>2</sup>) |
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! Population (December 2022)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dane.gov.co/daneweb_V09/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=307&Itemid=124 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110517163649/http://www.dane.gov.co/daneweb_V09/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=307&Itemid=124|title=Archive copy|archivedate=2011-05-17}}</ref> |
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! Population |
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! Density per<br />km<sup>2</sup> |
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! Established |
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! Established as a department |
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|- |
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! Flag |
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| 00 ||align="left"| [[Bogotá|Capital District]] ||align="left"| [[Claudia López Hernández]] || [[Green Alliance (Colombia)|Green]] || [[Bogotá]] |
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![[ISO 3166-2:CO|Code]] |
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| {{commas|1587}} || {{commas|7412566}} || 1538 |
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| 00 ||align="left"| [[Bogotá|Capital District]] ||align="left"| [[Carlos Fernando Galán]]|| [[New Liberalism (Colombia)|New Liberalism]]|| [[Bogotá]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|1587}} || {{commas|8906342}} ||4670.80|| 1861 || [[File:Flag of Bogotá.svg|border|50px]] ||DC |
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| 01 ||align="left"| [[Amazonas (Colombian department)|Amazonas]] ||align="left"| Óscar Enrique Sánchez Guerrero || [[Historic Pact for Colombia]]|| [[Leticia, Amazonas|Leticia]] |
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| {{commas|109665}} || {{commas|82068}} ||0.7|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Amazonas (Colombia).svg|border|50px]] ||AM |
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| 02 ||align="left"| [[Antioquia Department|Antioquia]] ||align="left"| Andrés Julián Rendón Cardona || Por Antioquia Firme || [[Medellín]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|63612}} || {{commas|6887306}} ||100.72|| 1886 || [[File:Flag of Antioquia Department.svg|border|50px]] ||AN |
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| 03 ||align="left"| [[Arauca Department|Arauca]] ||align="left"| Manuel Alexander Pérez Rueda || [[Democratic Center (Colombia)|Democratic Center]]|| [[Arauca, Arauca|Arauca]] |
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| {{commas|23818}} || {{commas|304978}} ||11.01|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Arauca.svg|border|50px]] ||AR |
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| 04 ||align="left"| [[Atlántico Department|Atlántico]] ||align="left"| [[Eduardo Verano de la Rosa]]|| [[Colombian Liberal Party]]|| [[Barranquilla]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|3388}} || {{commas|2804025}} ||748.38|| 1910 || [[File:Flag of Atlántico.svg|border|50px]] ||AT |
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| 05 ||align="left"| [[Bolívar Department|Bolívar]] ||align="left"| Yamil Hernando Arana Padaui || Bolivar Mejor || [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|25978}} || {{commas|2236603}} ||79.69|| 1886 || [[File:Flag of Bolívar (Colombia).svg|border|50px]] ||BL |
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| 06 ||align="left"| [[Boyacá Department|Boyacá]] ||align="left"| Carlos Andrés Amaya Rodriguez || Boyacá Grande || [[Tunja]] |
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| {{commas|23189}} || {{commas|1259601}} ||52.50|| 1824 || [[File:Flag of Boyacá Department.svg|border|50px]] ||BY |
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| 07 ||align="left"| [[Caldas Department|Caldas]] ||align="left"| Henry Gutiérrez Angel || Por El Caldas Que Quiere La Gente || [[Manizales]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|7888}} || {{commas|1036455}} ||126.55|| 1905 || [[File:Flag of Caldas.svg|border|50px]] ||CL |
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| 08 ||align="left"| [[Caquetá Department|Caquetá]] ||align="left"| Luis Francisco Ruiz Aguilar || Coalición Revive Caqueta || [[Florencia, Caquetá|Florencia]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|88965}} || {{commas|419275}} ||4.52|| 1981 || [[File:Flag of Caquetá.svg|border|50px]] ||CQ |
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| 09 ||align="left"| [[Casanare Department|Casanare]] ||align="left"| César Augusto Ortiz Zorro || Coalición Por Casanare || [[Yopal]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|44640}} || {{commas|442068}} ||9.42|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Casanare Department.svg|border|50px]] ||CS |
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| 10 ||align="left"| [[Cauca Department|Cauca]] ||align="left"| Jorge Octavio Guzmán Gutiérrez || La Fuerza Del Pueblo || [[Popayán]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|29308}} || {{commas|1516018}} ||49.97|| 1824 || [[File:Flag of Cauca Department.svg|border|50px]] ||CA |
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| 11 ||align="left"| [[Cesar Department|Cesar]] ||align="left"| Elvia Milena Sanjuán Dávila || El Cesar En Marcha || [[Valledupar]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|22905}} || {{commas|1341697}} ||52.42|| 1967 || [[File:Flag of Cesar.svg|border|50px]] ||CE |
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| 12 ||align="left"| [[Chocó Department|Chocó]] ||align="left"| Nubia Carolina Córdoba Curi || [[Colombian Liberal Party]]|| [[Quibdó]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|46530}} || {{commas|553519}} ||11.49|| 1947 || [[File:Flag of Chocó.svg|border|50px]] ||CH |
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| 13 ||align="left"| [[Córdoba Department|Córdoba]] ||align="left"| Erasmo Elías Zuleta Bechara || Cordoba Pr1mero || [[Montería]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|25020}} || {{commas|1856496}} ||71.33|| 1951 || [[File:Flag of Córdoba Department.svg|border|50px]] ||CO |
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| 14 ||align="left"| [[Cundinamarca Department|Cundinamarca]] ||align="left"| Jorge Emilio Rey Ángel || Caminando, Escuchando, Gobernando || [[Bogotá]] |
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| {{commas| |
| {{commas|24210}} || <big></big>{{commas|2473634}} ||120.57|| 1824 || [[File:Flag of Cundinamarca.svg|border|50px]] ||CU |
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| 15 ||align="left"| [[Guainía Department|Guainía]] ||align="left"|Arnulfo Rivera Naranjo |
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| Coalición Trabajemos Guainía || [[Inírida, Guainía|Inirida]] |
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| {{commas|53460}} || {{commas|82767}} || 1991 |
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| {{commas|72238}} || {{commas|52061}} ||0.67|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Guainía.svg|border|50px]] ||GN |
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| 17 ||align="left"| [[Huila Department|Huila]] ||align="left"| Luis Enrique Dussán ||Coalición 'Huila Crece' || [[Neiva, Huila|Neiva]] |
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| 16 ||align="left"| [[Guaviare Department|Guaviare]] ||align="left"| Yeison Ferney Rojas Martínez || Guaviare Seguimos Avanzando || [[San José del Guaviare]]{{spaces|2}} |
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| {{commas|19890}} || {{commas|1100386}} || 1905 |
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| {{commas|53460}} || {{commas|90357}} ||1.55|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Guaviare.svg|border|50px]] ||GV |
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| 18 ||align="left"| [[La Guajira Department|La Guajira]] ||align="left"| Nemesio Roys Garzón || Coalición 'Un Cambio por La Guajira' || [[Riohacha]] |
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| 17 ||align="left"| [[Huila Department|Huila]] ||align="left"| Rodrigo Villaba Mosquera ||Por Un Huila Grande || [[Neiva, Huila|Neiva]] |
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| {{commas|20848}} || {{commas|880560}} || 1965 |
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| {{commas|19890}} || {{commas|1140932}} ||55.32|| 1910 || [[File:Flag of Huila.svg|border|50px]] ||HU |
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| 19 ||align="left"| [[Magdalena Department|Magdalena]] ||align="left"| Carlos Caicedo || G.S.C. Fuerza Ciudadana - Magdalena || [[Santa Marta]] |
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| 18 ||align="left"| [[La Guajira Department|La Guajira]] ||align="left"| Jairo Alfonso Aguilar Deluque || [[Union Party for the People]], [[Radical Change]], [[Independent Social Alliance]], La Fuerza de la Paz and Partido Demócrata || [[Riohacha]] |
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| {{commas|23188}} || {{commas|1341746}} || 1824 |
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| {{commas|20848}} || {{commas|1002394}} ||42.24|| 1965 || [[File:Flag of La Guajira.svg|border|50px]] ||LG |
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| 20 ||align="left"| [[Meta Department|Meta]] ||align="left"| Juan Guillermo Zuluaga || [[Social Party of National Unity |De La U]] || [[Villavicencio]] |
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| 19 ||align="left"| [[Magdalena Department|Magdalena]] ||align="left"| Rafael Alejandro Martínez || Fuerza Ciudadana || [[Santa Marta]] |
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| {{commas|85635}} || {{commas|1039722}} || 1960 |
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| {{commas|23188}} || {{commas|1463427}} ||57.86|| 1824 || [[File:Flag of Magdalena.svg|border|50px]] ||MA |
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| 21 ||align="left"| [[Nariño Department|Nariño]] ||align="left"| Jhon Alexander Rojas || Coalición 'Mi Nariño' || [[Pasto (Colombia)|Pasto]] |
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| 20 ||align="left"| [[Meta Department|Meta]] ||align="left"| Rafaela Cortés Zambrano || Coalición Fe y Firmeza || [[Villavicencio]] |
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| {{commas|33268}} || {{commas|1630592}} || 1904 |
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| {{commas|82805}} || {{commas|1080706}} ||12.14|| 1959 || [[File:Flag of Meta.svg|border|50px]] ||ME |
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| 22 ||align="left"| [[Norte de Santander Department|Norte de Santander]] ||align="left"| Silvano Serrano Guerrero || [[Colombian Conservative Party |Conservative]] || [[Cúcuta]] |
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| 21 ||align="left"| [[Nariño Department|Nariño]] ||align="left"| Luis Alfonso Escobar Jaramillo || [[Historic Pact for Colombia]]|| [[Pasto (Colombia)|Pasto]] |
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| {{commas|21658}} || {{commas|1491689}} || 1910 |
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| {{commas|33268}} || {{commas|1629181}} ||49.01|| 1910 || [[File:Flag of Nariño.svg|border|50px]] ||NA |
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| 23 ||align="left"| [[Putumayo Department|Putumayo]] ||align="left"| Buanerges Rosero || Coalición 'Así es el Putumayo, Tierra de Paz' || [[Mocoa]] |
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| 22 ||align="left"| [[Norte de Santander Department|Norte de Santander]] ||align="left"| William Villamizar Laguado || Coalición Por Amor A Nuestra Gente Del Norte || [[Cúcuta]] |
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| {{commas|24885}} || {{commas|348182}} || 1991 |
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| {{commas|21658}} || {{commas|1651278}} ||68.87|| 1910 || [[File:Flag of Norte de Santander.svg|border|50px]] ||NS |
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| 24 ||align="left"| [[Quindío Department|Quindío]] ||align="left"| Roberto Jairo Jaramillo || [[Colombian Liberal Party|Liberal]] || [[Armenia, Colombia|Armenia]] |
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| 23 ||align="left"| [[Putumayo Department|Putumayo]] ||align="left"| Carlos Andrés Marroquín Luna || Coalición Somos La Fuerza De La Gente || [[Mocoa]] |
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| {{commas|1845}} || {{commas|539904}} || 1966 |
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| {{commas|24885}} || {{commas|369064}} ||13.99|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Putumayo.svg|border|50px]] ||PU |
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| 25 ||align="left"| [[Risaralda Department|Risaralda]] ||align="left"| Sigifredo Salazar Osorio || [[Colombian Conservative Party|Conservative]] || [[Pereira, Colombia|Pereira]] |
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| 24 ||align="left"| [[Quindío Department|Quindío]] ||align="left"| Juan Miguel Galvis Bedoya || Creemos Colombia || [[Armenia, Colombia|Armenia]] |
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| {{commas|4140}} || {{commas|943401}} || 1966 |
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| {{commas|1845}} || {{commas|569569}} ||292.63|| 1966 || [[File:Flag of Quindío Department.svg|border|50px]] ||QD |
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| 26 ||align="left"| [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|San Andrés y Providencia]]{{spaces|2}} ||align="left"| Everth Julio Hawkins || Coalición 'Todos por un Nuevo Comienzo' || [[San Andrés, San Andrés y Providencia|San Andrés]] |
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| 25 ||align="left"| [[Risaralda Department|Risaralda]] ||align="left"| Juan Diego Patiño Ochoa || [[Colombian Liberal Party]]|| [[Pereira, Colombia|Pereira]] |
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| {{commas|52}} || {{commas|61280}} || 1991 |
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| {{commas|4140}} || {{commas|977829}} ||227.87|| 1966 || [[File:Flag of Risaralda.svg|border|50px]] ||RI |
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| 27 ||align="left"| [[Santander Department|Santander]] ||align="left"| Mauricio Aguilar || Coalición 'Siempre Santander' || [[Bucaramanga]] |
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| 26 ||align="left"| [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|San Andrés y Providencia]]{{spaces|2}} ||align="left"| Nicolas Iván Gallardo Vásquez || Coalición Avanzar es Posible || [[San Andrés, San Andrés y Providencia|San Andrés]] |
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| {{commas|30537}} || {{commas|2184837}} || 1857 |
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| {{commas|52}} || {{commas|65228}} ||1178.46|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of San Andrés y Providencia.svg|border|50px]] ||SA |
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| 28 ||align="left"| [[Sucre Department|Sucre]] ||align="left"| Héctor Olimpo Espinosa || [[Colombian Liberal Party|Liberal]] || [[Sincelejo]] |
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| 27 ||align="left"| [[Santander Department|Santander]] ||align="left"| Juvenal Díaz Mateus || Coalición Es Tiempo Juvenal Gobernador || [[Bucaramanga]] |
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| {{commas|10917}} || {{commas|904863}} || 1966 |
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| {{commas|30537}} || {{commas|2324090}} ||71.55|| 1886 || [[File:Flag of Santander Department.svg|border|50px]] ||ST |
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| 29 ||align="left"| [[Tolima Department|Tolima]] ||align="left"| José Ricardo Orozco || [[Colombian Conservative Party|Conservative]] || [[Ibagué]] |
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| 28 ||align="left"| [[Sucre Department|Sucre]] ||align="left"| Lucy Inés García Montes || Coalición Mujer de Resultados || [[Sincelejo]] |
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| {{commas|23562}} || {{commas|1330187}} || 1886 |
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| {{commas|10917}} || {{commas|972350}} ||82.89|| 1966 || [[File:Flag of Sucre (Colombia).svg|border|50px]] ||SU |
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| 30 ||align="left"| [[Valle del Cauca Department|Valle del Cauca]] ||align="left"| Clara Luz Roldán || Coalición 'Todos por el Valle del Cauca' || [[Cali]] |
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| 29 ||align="left"| [[Tolima Department|Tolima]] ||align="left"| Adriana Magali Matiz Vargas || Coalición Con Seguridad en el Territorio || [[Ibagué]] |
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| {{commas|22140}} || {{commas|4475886}} || 1910 |
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| {{commas|23562}} || {{commas|1346935}} ||56.45|| 1886 || [[File:Flag of Tolima Department.svg|border|50px]] ||TO |
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| 31 ||align="left"| [[Vaupés Department|Vaupés]] ||align="left"| Elícer Pérez || [[Democratic Center (Colombia)| CD]] || [[Mitú]] |
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| 30 ||align="left"| [[Valle del Cauca Department|Valle del Cauca]] ||align="left"| Dilian Francisca Toro Torres || Coalición Unidos por el Valle || [[Cali]] |
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| {{commas|54135}} || {{commas|40797}} || 1991 |
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| {{commas|22140}} || {{commas|4589278}} ||202.16|| 1910 || [[File:Flag of Valle del Cauca.svg|border|50px]] ||VC |
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| 32 ||align="left"| [[Vichada Department|Vichada]] ||align="left"| Álvaro Arley León || Coalición 'Álvaro León Sabe Como Es' || [[Puerto Carreño]] |
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| 31 ||align="left"| [[Vaupés Department|Vaupés]] ||align="left"| Luis Alfredo Gutiérrez García || Gente en Movimiento || [[Mitú]] |
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| {{commas|100242}} || {{commas|107808}} || 1991 |
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| {{commas|54135}} || {{commas|48932}} ||0.75|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Vaupés.svg|border|50px]] ||VP |
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| 32 ||align="left"| [[Vichada Department|Vichada]] ||align="left"| Hecson Alexys Benito Castro || [[Union Party for the People]]|| [[Puerto Carreño]] |
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| {{commas|100242}} || {{commas|115778}} ||1.08|| 1991 || [[File:Flag of Vichada Department.svg|border|50px]] ||VD |
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=== |
=== Indigenous territories === |
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{{main article|Indigenous territory (Colombia)}} |
{{main article|Indigenous territory (Colombia)}} |
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The indigenous territories are at the third level of administrative division in Colombia, as are the municipalities. Indigenous territories are created by agreement between the government and indigenous communities. In cases where indigenous territories cover more than one department or municipality, local governments jointly administer them with the indigenous councils, as set out in Articles 329 and 330 of the [[Colombian Constitution of 1991]]. Also indigenous territories may achieve local [[Autonomy#Politics|autonomy]] if they meet the requirements of the law. |
The indigenous territories are at the third level of administrative division in Colombia, as are the municipalities. Indigenous territories are created by agreement between the government and indigenous communities. In cases where indigenous territories cover more than one department or municipality, local governments jointly administer them with the indigenous councils, as set out in Articles 329 and 330 of the [[Colombian Constitution of 1991]]. Also indigenous territories may achieve local [[Autonomy#Politics|autonomy]] if they meet the requirements of the law. |
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Article 329 of the 1991 constitution recognizes the collective indigenous ownership of indigenous territories and repeats that are inalienable. Law 160 of 1994 created the National System of Agrarian Reform and Rural Development Campesino, and replaced Law 135 of 1961 on Agrarian Social Reform; it establishes and sets out the functions of INCORA, one of the most important being to declare which territories will acquire the status of indigenous protection and what extension of existing ones will be allowed. Decree 2164 of 1995 interprets Law 160 of 1994, providing, among other things, a legal definition of indigenous territories.<ref>Decree 2164 of 1995 provides "Reserva Indígena. Es un globo de terreno baldío ocupado por una o varias comunidades indígenas que fué delimitado y legalmente asignado por el INCORA a aquellas para que ejerzan en él los derechos de uso y usufructo con exclusión de terceros. Las reservas indígenas constituyen tierras comunales de grupos étnicos, para los fines previstos en el artículo 63 de la Constitución Política y la ley 21 de 1991. [ |
Article 329 of the 1991 constitution recognizes the collective indigenous ownership of indigenous territories and repeats that are inalienable. Law 160 of 1994 created the National System of Agrarian Reform and Rural Development Campesino, and replaced Law 135 of 1961 on Agrarian Social Reform; it establishes and sets out the functions of INCORA, one of the most important being to declare which territories will acquire the status of indigenous protection and what extension of existing ones will be allowed. Decree 2164 of 1995 interprets Law 160 of 1994, providing, among other things, a legal definition of indigenous territories.<ref>Decree 2164 of 1995 provides "Reserva Indígena. Es un globo de terreno baldío ocupado por una o varias comunidades indígenas que fué delimitado y legalmente asignado por el INCORA a aquellas para que ejerzan en él los derechos de uso y usufructo con exclusión de terceros. Las reservas indígenas constituyen tierras comunales de grupos étnicos, para los fines previstos en el artículo 63 de la Constitución Política y la ley 21 de 1991. [...] Territorios Indígenas. Son las áreas poseidas en forma regular y permanente por una comunidad, parcialidad o grupo indígena y aquellas que, aunque no se encuentren poseidas en esa forma, constituyen el ámbito tradicional de sus actividades sociales, económicas y culturales. " Art. 21: "Los resguardos son una institución legal y sociopolítica de carácter especial, conformada por una o más comunidades indígenas, que con un título de propiedad colectiva que goza de las garantías de la propiedad privada, poseen su territorio y se rigen para el manejo de éste y su vida interna por una organización autónoma amparada por el fuero indígena y su sistema normativo propio."</ref> |
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Indigenous territories in Colombia are mostly in the departments of Amazonas, Cauca, La Guajira, Guaviare, and Vaupés.<ref name="Portal-Co" /> |
Indigenous territories in Colombia are mostly in the departments of Amazonas, Cauca, La Guajira, Guaviare, and Vaupés.<ref name="Portal-Co" /> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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=== Historical predecessors of current departments === |
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===República de la Gran Colombia=== |
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{| |
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| colspan=6 align="center" | '''Evolution of Colombian departments''' |
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|- |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1824.svg|none|100px]]1824 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1886.svg|none|100px]]1886 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1905.svg|none|100px]]1905 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1908.svg|none|100px]]1908 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1912.svg|none|100px]]1912 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1916.svg|none|100px]]1916 |
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|- |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1928.svg|none|100px]]1928 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1942.svg|none|100px]]1942 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1958.svg|none|100px]]1958 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1966.svg|none|100px]]1966 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 1990.svg|none|100px]]1990 |
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| [[file:Colombia in 2000.svg|none|100px]]Present day |
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|} |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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|+ |
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!Current name and flag |
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!Established as a department |
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!First established under the following name |
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!Establishment of earliest territorial predecessor |
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!Sovereign State that established the earliest territorial predecessor |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Amazonas Department|name=Amazonas}} |
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|1991 |
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|Intendancy of Amazonas |
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|1931 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Antioquia}} |
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|1886 |
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|Province of Antioquia |
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|1576 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Arauca}} |
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|1991 |
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|Commissary of Arauca |
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|1911 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Atlántico}} |
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|1910 |
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|Province of Sabanilla |
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|1852 |
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|{{Flag|Republic of New Granada}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Bogotá}} |
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|1861 |
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|Federal District of Bogotá |
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|1861 |
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|{{Flag|Granadine Confederation}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Bolívar, Colombia|name=Bolívar}} |
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|1886 |
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|Province of Cartagena |
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|1533 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Boyacá}} |
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|1824 |
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|Province of Tunja |
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|1539 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Caldas}} |
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|1908 |
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|Department of Caldas |
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|1908 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Caquetá}} |
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|1981 |
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|Intendancy of Caquetá |
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|1905 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Casanare}} |
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|1991 |
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|Province of Casanare |
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|1660 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Cauca}} |
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|1824 |
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|Province of Popayán |
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|1537 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Cesar}} |
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|1967 |
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|Department of Cesar |
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|1967 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Chocó}} |
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|1947 |
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|Province of Chocó |
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|1726 |
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|{{Flag|Spain|1701|name=Kingdom of Spain}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Córdoba, Colombia|name=Córdoba}} |
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|1951 |
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|Department of Córdoba |
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|1951 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Cundinamarca}} |
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|1824 |
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|Province of Santafé de Bogotá |
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|1550 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Guainía}} |
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|1991 |
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|Commissary of Guainía |
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|1963 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Guaviare}} |
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|1991 |
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|Commissary of Guaviare |
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|1977 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Huila}} |
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|1910 |
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|Province of Neiva |
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|1610 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|La Guajira}} |
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|1965 |
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|Province of Riohacha |
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|1789 |
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|{{Flag|Spain|1785|name=Kingdom of Spain}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Magdalena}} |
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|1824 |
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|Province of Santa Marta |
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|1533 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Meta}} |
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|1959 |
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|Intendancy of Meta |
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|1905 |
|||
|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Nariño}} |
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|1910 |
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|Province of Pasto |
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|1823 |
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|{{Flag|Gran Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Norte de Santander}} |
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|1910 |
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|Province of Pamplona |
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|1555 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Putumayo}} |
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|1991 |
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|Commissary of Putumayo |
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|1912 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Quindío}} |
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|1966 |
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|Department of Quindío |
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|1966 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Risaralda}} |
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|1966 |
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|Department of Risaralda |
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|1966 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|San Andrés y Providencia}} |
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|1991 |
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|Providence Island Colony |
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|1630 |
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|{{Flag|Kingdom of England}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Santander Department|name=Santander}} |
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|1886 |
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|Province of Socorro |
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|1795 |
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|{{Flag|Spain|1785|name=Kingdom of Spain}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Sucre, Colombia|name=Sucre}} |
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|1966 |
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|Department of Sucre |
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|1966 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Tolima}} |
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|1886 |
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|Province of Mariquita |
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|1550 |
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|{{Flag|Crown of Castile}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Valle del Cauca}} |
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|1910 |
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|Province of Cauca |
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|1835 |
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|{{Flag|Republic of New Granada}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Vaupés}} |
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|1991 |
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|Commissary of Vaupés |
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|1910 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|- |
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|{{Flag|Vichada}} |
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|1991 |
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|Commissary of Vichada |
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|1913 |
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|{{Flag|Colombia|name=Republic of Colombia}} |
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|} |
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=== The Republic of Gran Colombia === |
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{{main article|Subdivisions of Gran Colombia}} |
{{main article|Subdivisions of Gran Colombia}} |
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When it was first established in 1819, |
When it was first established in 1819, The Republic of [[Gran Colombia]] had three departments. [[Venezuela Department (1820)|Venezuela]], [[Cundinamarca Department (1820)|Cundinamarca]] (now Colombia) and [[Quito Department|Quito]] (now Ecuador).<ref name="Guhl">{{Cite book|last=Guhl Nannetti |first=Ernesto |year = 1991 |title=Las fronteras políticas y los límites naturales: escritos geograficos |trans-title = Political Boundaries and Their Natural Limits: Geographic writings |chapter=Capítulo XII: División Política de la Gran Colombia |language=es |publisher= Fondo FEN |location=Bogotá |isbn=978-958-9129-22-7}}</ref> In 1824, the Distrito del Centro (which became Colombia) was divided into five departments and further divided into seventeen provinces. One department, [[Isthmus Department]], consisting of two provinces, later became the sovereign country of [[Panama]].<ref name="Aguilera-Pena">{{Cite web|last=Aguilera Peña |first=Mario |date=January 2002 |title=División política administrativa de Colombia |work=Credential Historia |issue=145 |publisher=Banco de la República |location=Bogotá |language=es |url=http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/revistas/credencial/enero2002/division.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216082657/http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/revistas/credencial/enero2002/division.htm |archive-date=16 February 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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=== |
===Republic of New Granada=== |
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{{main article|Republic of New Granada}} |
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With the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1826 by the Revolution of the Morrocoyes (''La Cosiata''), New Granada kept its 17 provinces. In 1832 the provinces of Vélez and Barbacoas were created, and in 1835 those of Buenaventura and Pasto were added. In 1843 those of Cauca, Mompós and Túquerres were created. At this time the cantons (''cantones'') and parish districts were created, which provided the basis for the present-day municipalities.<ref name="Aguilera-Pena" /><ref name="Estadística">{{Cite web |title=Estadística de Colombia |trans-title=Colombian Statistics |author=Oficina Nacional de Estadística (Office of National Statistics) |language=es |location=Bogotá |publisher=Oficina Nacional de Estadística |year=1876 |url=ftp://ftp.colombiestad.gov.co/books/LD_70104_1876.PDF |accessdate=23 November 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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With the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1826 by the Revolution of the Morrocoyes (''La Cosiata''), New Granada kept its 17 provinces. In 1832 the provinces of Vélez and Barbacoas were created, and in 1835 those of Buenaventura and Pasto were added. In 1843 those of Cauca, Mompós and Túquerres were created. At this time the cantons (''cantones'') and parish districts were created, which provided the basis for the present-day municipalities.<ref name="Aguilera-Pena" /><ref name="Estadística">{{Cite web |title=Estadística de Colombia |trans-title=Colombian Statistics |author=Oficina Nacional de Estadística (Office of National Statistics) |language=es |location=Bogotá |publisher=Oficina Nacional de Estadística |year=1876 |url=ftp://ftp.colombiestad.gov.co/books/LD_70104_1876.PDF |access-date=23 November 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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By 1853 the number of provinces had increased to thirty-six, namely:Antioquia, Azuero, Barbacoas, Bogotá, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Casanare, Cauca, Chiriquí, Chocó, Córdova, Cundinamarca, García Rovira, Mariquita, Medellín, Mompós, Neiva, Ocaña, Pamplona, Panamá, Pasto, Popayán, Riohacha, Sabanilla, Santa Marta, Santander, Socorro, Soto, Tequendama, Tunja, Tundama, Túquerres, Valle de Upar, Veraguas, Vélez and Zipaquirá.<ref name="Estadística" /> However, the new constitution of 1853 introduced federalism, which lead to the consolidation of provinces into states. By 1858 this process was complete, with a resulting eight federal states: Panamá was formed in 1855, Antioquia in 1856, Santander in May 1857, and Bolívar, Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca and Magdalena were formed in June 1858. 1861 saw the creation of the final federal state of Tolima.<ref name="Domínguez">{{Cite journal|author1=Domínguez, Camilo |author2=Chaparro, Jeffer |author3=Gómez, Carla |year=2006 |title=Construcción y deconstrucción territorial del Caribe Colombiano durante el siglo XIX |journal=Scripta Nova (Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales) |volume=10 |issue=218 (75)|url=http://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn/sn-218-75.htm}}</ref> |
By 1853 the number of provinces had increased to thirty-six, namely:Antioquia, Azuero, Barbacoas, Bogotá, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Casanare, Cauca, Chiriquí, Chocó, Córdova, Cundinamarca, García Rovira, Mariquita, Medellín, Mompós, Neiva, Ocaña, Pamplona, Panamá, Pasto, Popayán, Riohacha, Sabanilla, Santa Marta, Santander, Socorro, Soto, Tequendama, Tunja, Tundama, Túquerres, Valle de Upar, Veraguas, Vélez and Zipaquirá.<ref name="Estadística" /> However, the new constitution of 1853 introduced federalism, which lead to the consolidation of provinces into states. By 1858 this process was complete, with a resulting eight federal states: Panamá was formed in 1855, Antioquia in 1856, Santander in May 1857, and Bolívar, Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca and Magdalena were formed in June 1858. 1861 saw the creation of the final federal state of Tolima.<ref name="Domínguez">{{Cite journal|author1=Domínguez, Camilo |author2=Chaparro, Jeffer |author3=Gómez, Carla |year=2006 |title=Construcción y deconstrucción territorial del Caribe Colombiano durante el siglo XIX |journal=Scripta Nova (Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales) |volume=10 |issue=218 (75)|url=http://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn/sn-218-75.htm}}</ref> |
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=== |
===Republic of Colombia=== |
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The [[Colombian Constitution of 1886]] converted the [[states of Colombia]] into departments, with the state presidents renamed as governors. The states formed the following original departments: |
The [[Colombian Constitution of 1886]] converted the [[states of Colombia]] into departments, with the state presidents renamed as governors. The states formed the following original departments: |
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* [[Antioquia Department]] |
* [[Antioquia Department]] |
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* [[Bolívar Department]] |
* [[Bolívar Department]] |
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Line 168: | Line 399: | ||
* [[Cundinamarca Department]] |
* [[Cundinamarca Department]] |
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* [[Magdalena Department]] |
* [[Magdalena Department]] |
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* [[Panamá Department]] |
* [[Panama Department (1886)|Panamá Department]] |
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* [[Santander Department]] |
* [[Santander Department]] |
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* [[Tolima Department]] |
* [[Tolima Department]] |
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Line 175: | Line 406: | ||
<gallery mode=packed heights=230px> |
<gallery mode=packed heights=230px> |
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File:Departamentos colombia.svg|Departments of Colombia with [[Municipalities of Colombia|municipalities]] |
File:Departamentos colombia.svg|Departments of Colombia with [[Municipalities of Colombia|municipalities]] |
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File:Colombia |
File:Colombia-departamentos.svg|Map with numbered departments |
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File:Colombia, administrative divisions - es - colored (+box).svg|Departments of Colombia with names |
File:Colombia, administrative divisions - es - colored (+box).svg|Departments of Colombia with names |
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File:Colombia, administrative divisions - es - colored.svg|Political map of Colombia |
File:Colombia, administrative divisions - es - colored.svg|Political map of Colombia |
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File:Colombia relief location map.jpg|Topography of Colombia, highly variable per department |
File:Colombia relief location map.jpg|Topography of Colombia, highly variable per department |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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{{ |
{{clear}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Line 186: | Line 417: | ||
* [[ISO 3166-2:CO]] |
* [[ISO 3166-2:CO]] |
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* [[List of Colombian flags]] |
* [[List of Colombian flags]] |
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* [[List of country subdivisions]] |
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* [[List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area]] |
* [[List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area]] |
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* [[States of Colombia]] |
* [[States of Colombia]] |
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Line 194: | Line 424: | ||
<references /> |
<references /> |
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== |
==External links== |
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* {{in lang|fr}} [[:fr:Liste des gouverneurs des départements colombiens|List of Colombian department governors]] |
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* {{statoids|id=uco|title=Departments of Colombia}} |
* {{statoids|id=uco|title=Departments of Colombia}} |
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{{Navboxes |
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|list = |
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{{Colombia topics|state=uncollapsed}} |
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{{Departments of Colombia}} |
{{Departments of Colombia}} |
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{{Colombia topics}} |
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{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of South American countries}} |
{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of South American countries}} |
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}} |
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<!--Categories--> |
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[[Category:Departments of Colombia| ]] |
[[Category:Departments of Colombia| ]] |
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[[Category:Subdivisions of Colombia]] |
[[Category:Subdivisions of Colombia]] |
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[[Category:Lists of |
[[Category:Lists of administrative divisions|Colombia, Departments]] |
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[[Category:First-level administrative |
[[Category:First-level administrative divisions by country|Departments, Colombia]] |
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[[Category:Colombia geography-related lists]] |
[[Category:Colombia geography-related lists]] |
Latest revision as of 23:58, 5 July 2024
![]() | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (March 2009) |
Capital district and Colombian regions Distrito Capital y los Departamentos de Colombia (Spanish) | |
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![]() | |
Category | Unitary state |
Location | Republic of Colombia |
Number | 32 Departments 1 Capital District |
Populations | 48,932 (Vaupés) – 8,906,342 (Capital District) |
Areas | 50 km2 (19.3 sq mi) (San Andrés) – 109,665.0 km2 (42,341.89 sq mi) (Amazonas) |
Government |
|
Subdivisions |
This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Colombia |
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![]() |
Departments of Colombia refer to the administrative divisions of Colombia. As of 2024[update], the unitary republic is made up of thirty-two departments. Each department has a governor and an assembly, elected by popular vote for a four-year period.
Current departments
[edit]Colombia is a unitary republic made up of thirty-two administrative divisions referred to as departments (Spanish: departamentos, sing. departamento) and one Capital District (Distrito Capital).[1] Each department has a governor (gobernador) and an Assembly (Asamblea Departamental), elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods. Departments are country subdivisions and are granted a certain degree of autonomy.
Departments are formed by a grouping of municipalities (municipios, sing. municipio). Municipal government is headed by mayor (alcalde) and administered by a municipal council (concejo municipal), both of which are elected by popular vote for four-year periods.
Some departments have subdivisions above the level of municipalities, commonly known as provinces.
ID | Region | Governor | Party or Coalition | Capital | Area (km2) | Population (December 2022)[3] | Density per km2 |
Established as a department | Flag | Code |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
00 | Capital District | Carlos Fernando Galán | New Liberalism | Bogotá | 1,587 | 8,906,342 | 4670.80 | 1861 | ![]() |
DC |
01 | Amazonas | Óscar Enrique Sánchez Guerrero | Historic Pact for Colombia | Leticia | 109,665 | 82,068 | 0.7 | 1991 | ![]() |
AM |
02 | Antioquia | Andrés Julián Rendón Cardona | Por Antioquia Firme | Medellín | 63,612 | 6,887,306 | 100.72 | 1886 | ![]() |
AN |
03 | Arauca | Manuel Alexander Pérez Rueda | Democratic Center | Arauca | 23,818 | 304,978 | 11.01 | 1991 | ![]() |
AR |
04 | Atlántico | Eduardo Verano de la Rosa | Colombian Liberal Party | Barranquilla | 3,388 | 2,804,025 | 748.38 | 1910 | ![]() |
AT |
05 | Bolívar | Yamil Hernando Arana Padaui | Bolivar Mejor | Cartagena | 25,978 | 2,236,603 | 79.69 | 1886 | ![]() |
BL |
06 | Boyacá | Carlos Andrés Amaya Rodriguez | Boyacá Grande | Tunja | 23,189 | 1,259,601 | 52.50 | 1824 | ![]() |
BY |
07 | Caldas | Henry Gutiérrez Angel | Por El Caldas Que Quiere La Gente | Manizales | 7,888 | 1,036,455 | 126.55 | 1905 | ![]() |
CL |
08 | Caquetá | Luis Francisco Ruiz Aguilar | Coalición Revive Caqueta | Florencia | 88,965 | 419,275 | 4.52 | 1981 | ![]() |
CQ |
09 | Casanare | César Augusto Ortiz Zorro | Coalición Por Casanare | Yopal | 44,640 | 442,068 | 9.42 | 1991 | ![]() |
CS |
10 | Cauca | Jorge Octavio Guzmán Gutiérrez | La Fuerza Del Pueblo | Popayán | 29,308 | 1,516,018 | 49.97 | 1824 | ![]() |
CA |
11 | Cesar | Elvia Milena Sanjuán Dávila | El Cesar En Marcha | Valledupar | 22,905 | 1,341,697 | 52.42 | 1967 | ![]() |
CE |
12 | Chocó | Nubia Carolina Córdoba Curi | Colombian Liberal Party | Quibdó | 46,530 | 553,519 | 11.49 | 1947 | ![]() |
CH |
13 | Córdoba | Erasmo Elías Zuleta Bechara | Cordoba Pr1mero | Montería | 25,020 | 1,856,496 | 71.33 | 1951 | ![]() |
CO |
14 | Cundinamarca | Jorge Emilio Rey Ángel | Caminando, Escuchando, Gobernando | Bogotá | 24,210 | 2,473,634 | 120.57 | 1824 | ![]() |
CU |
15 | Guainía | Arnulfo Rivera Naranjo | Coalición Trabajemos Guainía | Inirida | 72,238 | 52,061 | 0.67 | 1991 | ![]() |
GN |
16 | Guaviare | Yeison Ferney Rojas Martínez | Guaviare Seguimos Avanzando | San José del Guaviare | 53,460 | 90,357 | 1.55 | 1991 | ![]() |
GV |
17 | Huila | Rodrigo Villaba Mosquera | Por Un Huila Grande | Neiva | 19,890 | 1,140,932 | 55.32 | 1910 | ![]() |
HU |
18 | La Guajira | Jairo Alfonso Aguilar Deluque | Union Party for the People, Radical Change, Independent Social Alliance, La Fuerza de la Paz and Partido Demócrata | Riohacha | 20,848 | 1,002,394 | 42.24 | 1965 | ![]() |
LG |
19 | Magdalena | Rafael Alejandro Martínez | Fuerza Ciudadana | Santa Marta | 23,188 | 1,463,427 | 57.86 | 1824 | ![]() |
MA |
20 | Meta | Rafaela Cortés Zambrano | Coalición Fe y Firmeza | Villavicencio | 82,805 | 1,080,706 | 12.14 | 1959 | ![]() |
ME |
21 | Nariño | Luis Alfonso Escobar Jaramillo | Historic Pact for Colombia | Pasto | 33,268 | 1,629,181 | 49.01 | 1910 | ![]() |
NA |
22 | Norte de Santander | William Villamizar Laguado | Coalición Por Amor A Nuestra Gente Del Norte | Cúcuta | 21,658 | 1,651,278 | 68.87 | 1910 | ![]() |
NS |
23 | Putumayo | Carlos Andrés Marroquín Luna | Coalición Somos La Fuerza De La Gente | Mocoa | 24,885 | 369,064 | 13.99 | 1991 | ![]() |
PU |
24 | Quindío | Juan Miguel Galvis Bedoya | Creemos Colombia | Armenia | 1,845 | 569,569 | 292.63 | 1966 | ![]() |
QD |
25 | Risaralda | Juan Diego Patiño Ochoa | Colombian Liberal Party | Pereira | 4,140 | 977,829 | 227.87 | 1966 | ![]() |
RI |
26 | San Andrés y Providencia | Nicolas Iván Gallardo Vásquez | Coalición Avanzar es Posible | San Andrés | 52 | 65,228 | 1178.46 | 1991 | ![]() |
SA |
27 | Santander | Juvenal Díaz Mateus | Coalición Es Tiempo Juvenal Gobernador | Bucaramanga | 30,537 | 2,324,090 | 71.55 | 1886 | ![]() |
ST |
28 | Sucre | Lucy Inés García Montes | Coalición Mujer de Resultados | Sincelejo | 10,917 | 972,350 | 82.89 | 1966 | ![]() |
SU |
29 | Tolima | Adriana Magali Matiz Vargas | Coalición Con Seguridad en el Territorio | Ibagué | 23,562 | 1,346,935 | 56.45 | 1886 | ![]() |
TO |
30 | Valle del Cauca | Dilian Francisca Toro Torres | Coalición Unidos por el Valle | Cali | 22,140 | 4,589,278 | 202.16 | 1910 | ![]() |
VC |
31 | Vaupés | Luis Alfredo Gutiérrez García | Gente en Movimiento | Mitú | 54,135 | 48,932 | 0.75 | 1991 | ![]() |
VP |
32 | Vichada | Hecson Alexys Benito Castro | Union Party for the People | Puerto Carreño | 100,242 | 115,778 | 1.08 | 1991 | ![]() |
VD |
Indigenous territories
[edit]The indigenous territories are at the third level of administrative division in Colombia, as are the municipalities. Indigenous territories are created by agreement between the government and indigenous communities. In cases where indigenous territories cover more than one department or municipality, local governments jointly administer them with the indigenous councils, as set out in Articles 329 and 330 of the Colombian Constitution of 1991. Also indigenous territories may achieve local autonomy if they meet the requirements of the law.
Article 329 of the 1991 constitution recognizes the collective indigenous ownership of indigenous territories and repeats that are inalienable. Law 160 of 1994 created the National System of Agrarian Reform and Rural Development Campesino, and replaced Law 135 of 1961 on Agrarian Social Reform; it establishes and sets out the functions of INCORA, one of the most important being to declare which territories will acquire the status of indigenous protection and what extension of existing ones will be allowed. Decree 2164 of 1995 interprets Law 160 of 1994, providing, among other things, a legal definition of indigenous territories.[4]
Indigenous territories in Colombia are mostly in the departments of Amazonas, Cauca, La Guajira, Guaviare, and Vaupés.[1]
History
[edit]Historical predecessors of current departments
[edit]Evolution of Colombian departments | |||||
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Current name and flag | Established as a department | First established under the following name | Establishment of earliest territorial predecessor | Sovereign State that established the earliest territorial predecessor |
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1991 | Intendancy of Amazonas | 1931 | ![]() |
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1886 | Province of Antioquia | 1576 | ![]() |
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1991 | Commissary of Arauca | 1911 | ![]() |
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1910 | Province of Sabanilla | 1852 | ![]() |
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1861 | Federal District of Bogotá | 1861 | ![]() |
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1886 | Province of Cartagena | 1533 | ![]() |
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1824 | Province of Tunja | 1539 | ![]() |
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1908 | Department of Caldas | 1908 | ![]() |
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1981 | Intendancy of Caquetá | 1905 | ![]() |
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1991 | Province of Casanare | 1660 | ![]() |
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1824 | Province of Popayán | 1537 | ![]() |
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1967 | Department of Cesar | 1967 | ![]() |
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1947 | Province of Chocó | 1726 | ![]() |
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1951 | Department of Córdoba | 1951 | ![]() |
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1824 | Province of Santafé de Bogotá | 1550 | ![]() |
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1991 | Commissary of Guainía | 1963 | ![]() |
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1991 | Commissary of Guaviare | 1977 | ![]() |
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1910 | Province of Neiva | 1610 | ![]() |
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1965 | Province of Riohacha | 1789 | ![]() |
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1824 | Province of Santa Marta | 1533 | ![]() |
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1959 | Intendancy of Meta | 1905 | ![]() |
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1910 | Province of Pasto | 1823 | ![]() |
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1910 | Province of Pamplona | 1555 | ![]() |
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1991 | Commissary of Putumayo | 1912 | ![]() |
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1966 | Department of Quindío | 1966 | ![]() |
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1966 | Department of Risaralda | 1966 | ![]() |
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1991 | Providence Island Colony | 1630 | ![]() |
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1886 | Province of Socorro | 1795 | ![]() |
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1966 | Department of Sucre | 1966 | ![]() |
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1886 | Province of Mariquita | 1550 | ![]() |
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1910 | Province of Cauca | 1835 | ![]() |
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1991 | Commissary of Vaupés | 1910 | ![]() |
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1991 | Commissary of Vichada | 1913 | ![]() |
The Republic of Gran Colombia
[edit]When it was first established in 1819, The Republic of Gran Colombia had three departments. Venezuela, Cundinamarca (now Colombia) and Quito (now Ecuador).[5] In 1824, the Distrito del Centro (which became Colombia) was divided into five departments and further divided into seventeen provinces. One department, Isthmus Department, consisting of two provinces, later became the sovereign country of Panama.[6]
Republic of New Granada
[edit]With the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1826 by the Revolution of the Morrocoyes (La Cosiata), New Granada kept its 17 provinces. In 1832 the provinces of Vélez and Barbacoas were created, and in 1835 those of Buenaventura and Pasto were added. In 1843 those of Cauca, Mompós and Túquerres were created. At this time the cantons (cantones) and parish districts were created, which provided the basis for the present-day municipalities.[6][7]
By 1853 the number of provinces had increased to thirty-six, namely:Antioquia, Azuero, Barbacoas, Bogotá, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Casanare, Cauca, Chiriquí, Chocó, Córdova, Cundinamarca, García Rovira, Mariquita, Medellín, Mompós, Neiva, Ocaña, Pamplona, Panamá, Pasto, Popayán, Riohacha, Sabanilla, Santa Marta, Santander, Socorro, Soto, Tequendama, Tunja, Tundama, Túquerres, Valle de Upar, Veraguas, Vélez and Zipaquirá.[7] However, the new constitution of 1853 introduced federalism, which lead to the consolidation of provinces into states. By 1858 this process was complete, with a resulting eight federal states: Panamá was formed in 1855, Antioquia in 1856, Santander in May 1857, and Bolívar, Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca and Magdalena were formed in June 1858. 1861 saw the creation of the final federal state of Tolima.[8]
Republic of Colombia
[edit]The Colombian Constitution of 1886 converted the states of Colombia into departments, with the state presidents renamed as governors. The states formed the following original departments:
- Antioquia Department
- Bolívar Department
- Boyacá Department
- Cauca Department
- Cundinamarca Department
- Magdalena Department
- Panamá Department
- Santander Department
- Tolima Department
Maps gallery
[edit]-
Departments of Colombia with municipalities
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Map with numbered departments
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Departments of Colombia with names
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Political map of Colombia
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Topography of Colombia, highly variable per department
See also
[edit]- ISO 3166-2:CO
- List of Colombian flags
- List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area
- States of Colombia
- List of Colombian departments by Human Development Index
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Division Política de Colombia" (in Spanish). Portal ColombiaYA.com. Archived from the original on 10 March 2009.
- ^ "Elecciones Territoriales 2023 - Resultados Electorales". La República (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-01-15.
- ^ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2011-05-17.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Decree 2164 of 1995 provides "Reserva Indígena. Es un globo de terreno baldío ocupado por una o varias comunidades indígenas que fué delimitado y legalmente asignado por el INCORA a aquellas para que ejerzan en él los derechos de uso y usufructo con exclusión de terceros. Las reservas indígenas constituyen tierras comunales de grupos étnicos, para los fines previstos en el artículo 63 de la Constitución Política y la ley 21 de 1991. [...] Territorios Indígenas. Son las áreas poseidas en forma regular y permanente por una comunidad, parcialidad o grupo indígena y aquellas que, aunque no se encuentren poseidas en esa forma, constituyen el ámbito tradicional de sus actividades sociales, económicas y culturales. " Art. 21: "Los resguardos son una institución legal y sociopolítica de carácter especial, conformada por una o más comunidades indígenas, que con un título de propiedad colectiva que goza de las garantías de la propiedad privada, poseen su territorio y se rigen para el manejo de éste y su vida interna por una organización autónoma amparada por el fuero indígena y su sistema normativo propio."
- ^ Guhl Nannetti, Ernesto (1991). "Capítulo XII: División Política de la Gran Colombia". Las fronteras políticas y los límites naturales: escritos geograficos [Political Boundaries and Their Natural Limits: Geographic writings] (in Spanish). Bogotá: Fondo FEN. ISBN 978-958-9129-22-7.
- ^ a b Aguilera Peña, Mario (January 2002). "División política administrativa de Colombia". Credential Historia (in Spanish). Bogotá: Banco de la República. Archived from the original on 16 February 2011.
- ^ a b Oficina Nacional de Estadística (Office of National Statistics) (1876). "Estadística de Colombia" [Colombian Statistics] (PDF) (in Spanish). Bogotá: Oficina Nacional de Estadística. Retrieved 23 November 2016.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Domínguez, Camilo; Chaparro, Jeffer; Gómez, Carla (2006). "Construcción y deconstrucción territorial del Caribe Colombiano durante el siglo XIX". Scripta Nova (Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales). 10 (218 (75)).
External links
[edit]- "Departments of Colombia". Statoids.