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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}{{Short description|Slang term for an effeminate boy}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}{{Short description|Slang term for an effeminate male}}
{{Italic title}}
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{{Not to be confused with|Fembot}}
{{Not to be confused with|Fembot}}
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[[File:Cavi.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|A femboy]]
[[File:Cavi.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|A femboy]]


'''''Femboy''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|ɛ|m|b|ɔɪ|audio=Femboy-UK.ogg}}), also spelled '''''femboi''''', is a [[slang term]] for a feminine boy who expresses themselves with [[Femininity|traditionally feminine]] behaviours. As an [[internet aesthetic]], this may be through the use of jewelry, [[Cross-dressing|wearing feminine clothing]] and makeup, or expressing [[Effeminacy|feminine behavioural qualities]]. ''Femboy'' can be used as both a sexual and non-sexual term; it does not denote a specific [[sexual orientation]] or [[gender role]] but instead marks a form of [[gender variance]].
'''''Femboy''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|ɛ|m|b|ɔɪ|audio=Femboy-UK.ogg}}), also spelt '''''femboi''''', is a [[slang term]] for males who express themselves with [[Femininity|traditionally feminine]] behaviours. As an [[internet aesthetic]], this may be through the use of jewellery, [[Cross-dressing|wearing feminine clothing]] and makeup, or expressing [[Effeminacy|feminine behavioural qualities]]. ''Femboy'' can be used as both a sexual and non-sexual term; it does not denote a specific [[sexual orientation]] or [[gender role]].


The term originated in the 1990s. It has since been popularised through internet forums and social media like [[TikTok]], where trends such as "#femboyfriday" have received attention in the media. In [[gender studies]], the term has been used as an identifier for [[transgender]] individuals; in [[porn studies]], the term has been seen as an identifier for a [[Gay sex roles#Bottom|submissive role]] in intercourse and as exhibiting elements of [[sexual fantasy]].
The term originated in the 1990s. It has since been popularised through internet forums and social media like [[TikTok]], where trends such as "#femboyfriday" have received attention in the media. In [[gender studies]], the term has also been used as an identifier for [[transgender]] individuals; in [[porn studies]], the term has been seen as an identifier for a [[Gay sex roles#Bottom|submissive role]] in intercourse and as exhibiting elements of [[sexual fantasy]].


== Usage ==
== Usage ==


=== Etymology ===
=== Etymology ===
The term ''femboy'' originated in the 1990s and is a [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]] from the words [[wikt:fem#English|''fem'']] (an [[abbreviation]] of ''feminine'' and [[femme|''femme'']]) and ''boy''.<ref name="dictionary.com">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-26 |title=What Is A "Femboy"? |url=https://www.dictionary.com/e/gender-sexuality/femboy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407171909/https://www.dictionary.com/e/gender-sexuality/femboy/ |archive-date=7 April 2024 |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Fem |encyclopedia=Collins English Dictionary |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/fem |access-date=2023-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428131212/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/fem |archive-date=28 April 2021}}</ref> The variant ''femboi'' uses the LGBT term [[Boi (slang)|''boi'']].<ref name="dictionary.com" /> By 2000, the term ''boi'' had come to denote "a young, attractive gay man".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Urquhart |first=Evan |date=2020-10-21 |title=Mad About the Boi |url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2020/10/boi-meaning-queer-term-straight-meme.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108161207/https://slate.com/human-interest/2020/10/boi-meaning-queer-term-straight-meme.html |archive-date=8 January 2024 |access-date=2023-12-18 |work=Slate |language=en-US |issn=1091-2339}}</ref>
The term ''femboy'' originated in the 1990s and is a [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]] from the words [[wikt:fem#English|''fem'']] (an [[abbreviation]] of ''feminine'' and ''[[femme]]'') and ''boy''.<ref name="dictionary.com">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-26 |title=What Is A "Femboy"? |url=https://www.dictionary.com/e/gender-sexuality/femboy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407171909/https://www.dictionary.com/e/gender-sexuality/femboy/ |archive-date=7 April 2024 |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Fem |encyclopedia=Collins English Dictionary |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/fem |access-date=2023-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428131212/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/fem |archive-date=28 April 2021}}</ref> The variant ''femboi'' uses the LGBT term [[Boi (slang)|''boi'']].<ref name="dictionary.com" /> By 2000, the term ''boi''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-10-25 |title=boi Meaning & Origin {{!}} Slang by Dictionary.com |url=https://www.dictionary.com/e/slang/boi/ |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en-US}}</ref> had come to denote "a young, attractive gay man. The term "boi" has also been used, independently of any meaning related to sexuality, as an alternate spelling for boy".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Urquhart |first=Evan |date=2020-10-21 |title=Mad About the Boi |url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2020/10/boi-meaning-queer-term-straight-meme.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108161207/https://slate.com/human-interest/2020/10/boi-meaning-queer-term-straight-meme.html |archive-date=8 January 2024 |access-date=2023-12-18 |work=Slate |language=en-US |issn=1091-2339}}</ref>


=== Definitions ===
=== Definitions ===
''Femboy'' refers to a [[Male gender|male]] or [[Non-binary gender|non-binary]] person using aesthetically and culturally female elements to express a more feminine side of the traditional male appearance;<ref name="Patston2022" /><ref name="Cristalli2021">{{Cite web |last=Cristalli |first=Beatrice |date=2021-01-07 |title=Parlare della fluidità di genere |trans-title=Talking about gender fluidity |url=https://www.treccani.it/magazine/lingua_italiana/articoli/scritto_e_parlato/Parlare_della_fluidita_di_genere.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330001116/https://www.treccani.it/magazine/lingua_italiana/articoli/scritto_e_parlato/Parlare_della_fluidita_di_genere.html |archive-date=30 March 2023 |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Treccani |language=it}}</ref> ''[[Collins English Dictionary]]'' defines ''femboy'' as "a male whose appearance and behavioural traits are regarded as conventionally feminine".<ref name=":1">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Femboy |encyclopedia=Collins English Dictionary |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/femboy |access-date=2023-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213100108/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/femboy |archive-date=13 February 2023}}</ref> According to ''[[Dictionary.com]]'', the variant ''femboi'' may refer to "softer" individuals, such as young [[Trans man|trans men]] or [[Butch (lesbian slang)|butch lesbians]].<ref name="dictionary.com" /> Originally, the term was used as a [[pejorative]] against non-masculine men but has since been [[Reappropriation|reappropriated]],<ref name="Patston2022">{{Cite web |last=Patston |first=Manning |date=2022-07-29 |title=Femboy is the TikTok trend shaking up gender norms |url=https://happymag.tv/femboy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324121815/https://happymag.tv/femboy/ |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Happy Mag |language=en-US}}</ref> although it may still be used as a slur against [[Trans woman|trans women]].<ref name="Cristalli2021" /> ''Femboy'' is a term of [[gender expression]] and does not define the [[sexual orientation]] or [[gender identity]] of an individual.<ref name="Cristalli2021" />
''Femboy'' refers to a [[Male gender|male]] or [[Non-binary gender|non-binary]] person using aesthetically and culturally female elements to express a more feminine side of the traditional male appearance;<ref name="Patston2022" /><ref name="Cristalli2021">{{Cite web |last=Cristalli |first=Beatrice |date=2021-01-07 |title=Parlare della fluidità di genere |trans-title=Talking about gender fluidity |url=https://www.treccani.it/magazine/lingua_italiana/articoli/scritto_e_parlato/Parlare_della_fluidita_di_genere.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330001116/https://www.treccani.it/magazine/lingua_italiana/articoli/scritto_e_parlato/Parlare_della_fluidita_di_genere.html |archive-date=30 March 2023 |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Treccani |language=it}}</ref> ''[[Collins English Dictionary]]'' defines ''femboy'' as "a male whose appearance and behavioural traits are regarded as conventionally feminine".<ref name=":1">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Femboy |encyclopedia=Collins English Dictionary |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/femboy |access-date=2023-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213100108/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/femboy |archive-date=13 February 2023}}</ref> According to ''[[Dictionary.com]]'', the variant ''femboi'' may refer to "softer" individuals, such as young [[Trans man|trans men]] or [[Butch (lesbian slang)|butch lesbians]].<ref name="dictionary.com" /> Originally, the term was used as a [[pejorative]] against non-masculine men but has since been [[Reappropriation|reappropriated]],<ref name="Patston2022">{{Cite web |last=Patston |first=Manning |date=2022-07-29 |title=Femboy is the TikTok trend shaking up gender norms |url=https://happymag.tv/femboy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324121815/https://happymag.tv/femboy/ |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Happy Mag |language=en-US}}</ref> although it may still be used as a slur against [[Trans woman|trans women]].<ref name="Cristalli2021" /> ''Femboy'' is a term of [[gender expression]] and does not define the [[sexual orientation]] or [[gender identity]] of an individual.<ref name="Cristalli2021" />


Along with terms like [[sissy|''sissy'']], ''femboy'' is not used in a purely [[Pornography|pornographic]] sense—it may be used to refer to a male involved in non-sexual [[cross-dressing]] or [[transvestic fetishism]].<ref name="Vaught2023">{{Cite journal |last=Vaught |first=Emerald |date=6 July 2023 |title=Saturated femininities: trans women in porn beyond the shemale |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23268743.2023.2267603 |journal=Taylor & Francis Online |language=en |publication-date=2023-12-12 |page=11 |doi=10.1080/23268743.2023.2267603 |issn=2326-8743 |s2cid=266298941 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The label ''femboy'' is used on platforms such as [[Tumblr]] to signify a [[gay sex roles|gay sex role]] similar to that of a female in Western culture; it is related to terms such as [[wikt:boywife|''boywife'']] and [[pussyboy|''pussyboy'']] in its usage to denote "self-identified [[effeminate]] [[androphilic]] males who exclusively seek to be [[Sexual penetration|penetrated]] by [[Dominance and submission|dominant]], masculine men". Richard Vytniorgu argues that this sort of label "enables these bloggers to join together their sex-object choice and sex role in a form of subjectivity that others can identify with" and sees individuals using these labels as sharing a "bottom identity" with non-Western homosexuals.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vytniorgu |first=Richard |date=2023-08-24 |title=Effeminate Gay Bottoms in the West: Narratives of Pussyboys and Boiwives on Tumblr |journal=Journal of Homosexuality |language=en |volume=70 |issue=10 |page=2124 |doi=10.1080/00918369.2022.2048167 |issn=0091-8369|doi-access=free |pmid=35285776 |hdl=10871/129588 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Femboys have been [[Fetishism|fetishised]], and femboy groups have been seen to be exclusionary in who they allow to participate, forming [[In-group and out-group|in-groups and out-groups]].<ref name=":11" />
Along with terms like ''[[sissy]]'', ''femboy'' is not used in a purely [[Pornography|pornographic]] sense—it may be used to refer to a male involved in non-sexual [[cross-dressing]] or [[transvestic fetishism]].<ref name="Vaught2023">{{Cite journal |last=Vaught |first=Emerald |date=6 July 2023 |title=Saturated femininities: trans women in porn beyond the shemale |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23268743.2023.2267603 |journal= Porn Studies|language=en |publication-date=2023-12-12 |page=11 |doi=10.1080/23268743.2023.2267603 |issn=2326-8743 |s2cid=266298941 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The label ''femboy'' is used on platforms such as [[Tumblr]] to signify a [[gay sex roles|gay sex role]] similar to that of a female in Western culture; it is related to terms such as [[wikt:boywife|''boywife'']] and ''[[pussyboy]]'' in its usage to denote "self-identified [[effeminate]] [[androphilic]] males who exclusively seek to be [[Sexual penetration|penetrated]] by [[Dominance and submission|dominant]], masculine men". Richard Vytniorgu argues that this sort of label "enables these bloggers to join together their sex-object choice and sex role in a form of subjectivity that others can identify with" and sees individuals using these labels as sharing a "bottom identity" with non-Western homosexuals.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vytniorgu |first=Richard |date=2023-08-24 |title=Effeminate Gay Bottoms in the West: Narratives of Pussyboys and Boiwives on Tumblr |journal=Journal of Homosexuality |language=en |volume=70 |issue=10 |page=2124 |doi=10.1080/00918369.2022.2048167 |issn=0091-8369|doi-access=free |pmid=35285776 |hdl=10871/129588 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Femboys have been [[Fetishism|fetishised]], and femboy groups have been seen to be exclusionary in who they allow to participate, forming [[In-group and out-group|in-groups and out-groups]].<ref name=":11" />


== Attributes ==
== Attributes ==
[[File:F1NN5TER blue dress.jpg|thumb|left|Gender-fluid self-proclaimed femboy [[F1NN5TER]]]]
A 2022 analysis of the most followed male creators on [[TikTok]] identified the presence of typically feminine attributes, such as the use of [[hair dye]] and jewellery, as popular. The paper found that the platform's top creators were "quite homogeneous; [...] almost exclusively white, toned, and young, with perfect or near perfect [[facial symmetry]] and considerable bodily [[adornment]]", stating that the male creators saw the divergence as a way to differentiate them from the labels of ''effeminate'' or ''gay''.<ref name="FosterBaker2022">{{cite journal |last1=Foster |first1=Jordan |last2=Baker |first2=Jayne |date=July 2022 |title=Muscles, Makeup, and Femboys: Analyzing TikTok's "Radical" Masculinities |journal=Social Media + Society |volume=8 |language=en |issue=3 |doi=10.1177/20563051221126040 |issn=2056-3051 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
A 2022 analysis of the most followed male creators on [[TikTok]] identified the presence of effeminate attributes, such as the use of [[hair dye]] and jewellery. The paper found that the platform's top creators were "quite homogeneous; [...] almost exclusively white, toned, and young, with perfect or near perfect [[facial symmetry]] and considerable bodily [[adornment]]", stating that the male creators used the term as a replacement to the adjectives of ''effeminate'' and ''gay''.<ref name="FosterBaker2022">{{cite journal |last1=Foster |first1=Jordan |last2=Baker |first2=Jayne |date=July 2022 |title=Muscles, Makeup, and Femboys: Analyzing TikTok's "Radical" Masculinities |journal=Social Media + Society |volume=8 |language=en |issue=3 |doi=10.1177/20563051221126040 |issn=2056-3051 |doi-access=free}}</ref>


A femboy may engage in cross-dressing<ref name="Vaught2023" />—garments associated with the femboy aesthetic include [[skirt]]s, [[dress]]es, and [[Knee highs|knee-high socks]].<ref name="Patston2022" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cidral |first=Mariáh |date=2020-09-15 |title=Femboys: o Movimento Que Vai das Semanas de Moda ao TikTok |trans-title=Femboys: the Movement That Goes From Fashion Weeks to TikTok |url=https://ffw.uol.com.br/noticias/comportamento/femboys-o-movimento-que-vai-das-semanas-de-moda-ao-tiktok/ |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=FFW |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Jules Joanne Gleeson identifies [[4chan]] femboys as "Often but not always assisted by [[Transgender hormone therapy|HRT]]"; the idealisation of a feminine form with a [[flat chest]] leads to some attempting [[gender transition]] with treatments such as [[bicalutamide]]. The element of youth associated with femboys has raised questions over the longevity of femboy status; in relation to male-to-female transgender people identifying as femboys, being a femboy can be a way to avoid the medical difficulties of transition. Gleeson also proposes the existence of the femboy as a method to escape both internal and external [[transphobia]], alongside "the unique stigma" experienced by transgender women. She sees the femboy as a "self-made effeminate phenomenon" opposing traditional medical practice surrounding gender transition and as an example of "the erratic state of contemporary gender relations".<ref name="NewSocialist">{{Cite web |last=Gleeson |first=Jules Joannne |date=2018-02-03 |title=An Anatomy of the Soy Boy |url=https://newsocialist.org.uk/an-anatomy-of-the-soy-boy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317051515/https://newsocialist.org.uk/an-anatomy-of-the-soy-boy/ |archive-date=17 March 2024 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=New Socialist |language=en}}</ref>
A femboy may engage in cross-dressing<ref name="Vaught2023" />—garments associated with the femboy aesthetic include [[skirt]]s, [[dress]]es, and [[knee highs]].<ref name="Patston2022" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cidral |first=Mariáh |date=2020-09-15 |title=Femboys: o Movimento Que Vai das Semanas de Moda ao TikTok |trans-title=Femboys: the Movement That Goes From Fashion Weeks to TikTok |url=https://ffw.uol.com.br/noticias/comportamento/femboys-o-movimento-que-vai-das-semanas-de-moda-ao-tiktok/ |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=FFW |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Jules Joanne Gleeson claims [[4chan]] femboys are "Often but not always assisted by [[Transgender hormone therapy|HRT]]." Many femboys idealise a feminine form with a [[flat chest]]; leading some to attempting [[gender transition]] with treatments such as [[bicalutamide]]. Due to femboy culture being popular among the youth. This has raised speculation over the longevity of femboy status; in relation to male-to-female transgender people identifying as femboys, identifying as a femboy can be a way of avoiding the medical difficulties of transitioning. Gleeson also proposes the existence of the femboy as a method to escape both internal and external [[transphobia]], alongside "the unique stigma" experienced by transgender women. She sees the femboy as a "self-made effeminate phenomenon" opposing traditional medical practice surrounding gender transition and as an example of "the erratic state of contemporary gender relations".<ref name="NewSocialist">{{Cite web |last=Gleeson |first=Jules Joannne |date=2018-02-03 |title=An Anatomy of the Soy Boy |url=https://newsocialist.org.uk/an-anatomy-of-the-soy-boy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317051515/https://newsocialist.org.uk/an-anatomy-of-the-soy-boy/ |archive-date=17 March 2024 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=New Socialist |language=en}}</ref>


''Femboy'' is similar to the term ''[[shemale|shemale]]'' in that they both refer to individuals exhibiting [[masculinity]] and [[femininity]] [[Androgyny|simultaneously]]; they express femininity in a dainty manner without the presence of elements of the [[Sexualization|sexualised]] female body, such as large [[breast]]s. Emerald Vaught sees femboys as encompassing both effeminate [[cisgender]] men and, despite this lack of corporeal femininity, bottoming [[transgender]] women. In pornography, she sees the femboy as sharing the idea of a "youthful appearance" with [[Twink (gay slang)|twinks]] and as "represent[ing] an element of sexual fantasy" of transgender femininity.<ref name="Vaught2023" />
''Femboy'' is similar to the term ''[[shemale]]'' in that they both refer to individuals exhibiting [[masculinity|masculine]] and [[Femininity|feminine]] behaviors [[Androgyny|simultaneously]]; they express femininity in a manner without the presence of the [[Sexualization|sexualised]] female body, such as large [[breast]]s. Emerald Vaught sees the term "femboy" as a word used as a distinct iteration, used to describe a type of pornographic transfeminine body.


== Presence ==
== Presence ==
[[File:Femboy flag.svg|thumb|A proposed femboy [[pride flag]]]]
[[File:Femboy flag.svg|thumb|A proposed femboy [[pride flag]]]]


Femboy culture began to take shape in the United States in the 1990s. After the term was appropriated on the Internet, femboy communities began to form. Around 2018, the term ''femboy'' was found almost exclusively on [[4chan]], especially on the /lgbt/ forum. It later became popular on platforms such as [[Reddit]] and TikTok.<ref name="NewSocialist"/><ref name="Patston2022"/> Reddit has hosted both sexual and non-sexual femboy content. r/feminineboys was started in 2012 and had 258,000 members by April 2024; the site also contains the pornographic community r/FemBoys.<ref name=":11">{{Cite journal |last1=En |first1=Boka |last2=En |first2=Michael |last3=Griffiths |first3=David |date=2013-08-08 |title=Gay Stuff and Guy Stuff: The Construction of Sexual Identities in Sidebars on Reddit |url=http://ojs.meccsa.org.uk/index.php/netknow/article/view/293 |journal=Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network |volume=6 |issue=1 |page=11 |doi=10.31165/nk.2013.61.293 |issn=1755-9944|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Hills |first=Megan C. |date=2020-09-14 |title=Why #FemboyFriday is more than just a trend |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/living/femboyfriday-tiktok-femboys-femme-men-a4533051.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123183228/https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/living/femboyfriday-tiktok-femboys-femme-men-a4533051.html |archive-date=23 January 2024 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}</ref> TikTok has been said to be a [[safe space]] in allowing freedom of gender expression.<ref name="Ran2020">{{cite web |last=Ran |first=Dani |date=2020-08-13 |title=Introducing the 'Femboys' Taking TikTok By Storm |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/3az4nn/femboys-tiktok-fashion-gen-z |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430081000/https://www.vice.com/en/article/3az4nn/femboys-tiktok-fashion-gen-z |archive-date=30 April 2024 |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]] |language=en}}</ref> The femboy aesthetic has been compared with figures in [[popular culture]] such as [[Harry Styles]];<ref name="FosterBaker2022"/> [[Viral phenomenon|viral trends]] such as "#FemboyFriday" and memes such as "Femboy [[Hooters]]" have helped to popularise the aesthetic.<ref name="Patston2022"/><ref name=":10"/> An unofficial femboy [[pride flag]] exists, which uses seven horizontal stripes with the colours pink, light pink, white, and light blue. These represent the feminine aesthetic, feminine behaviour, non-binary identities, and masculinity, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |last=(anonymous) |date=2022-06-25 |title=All about the Femboy Pride Flag |url=https://www.queerty.com/femboy-pride-flag-20220625 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404001727/https://www.queerty.com/femboy-pride-flag-20220625 |archive-date=4 April 2024 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=[[Queerty]]}}</ref>
Femboy culture began to take shape in the United States in the 1990s. After the term was appropriated on the Internet, femboy communities began to form. Around 2018, the term ''femboy'' was found almost exclusively on [[4chan]], especially on the /lgbt/ forum. It later became popular on platforms such as [[Reddit]] and TikTok.<ref name="NewSocialist"/><ref name="Patston2022"/> Reddit has hosted both sexual and non-sexual femboy content. r/feminineboys was started in 2012 and had 264,000 members by July 2024; the site also contains pornographic communities like r/FemBoys.<ref name=":11">{{Cite journal |last1=En |first1=Boka |last2=En |first2=Michael |last3=Griffiths |first3=David |date=2013-08-08 |title=Gay Stuff and Guy Stuff: The Construction of Sexual Identities in Sidebars on Reddit |url=http://ojs.meccsa.org.uk/index.php/netknow/article/view/293 |journal=Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network |volume=6 |issue=1 |page=11 |doi=10.31165/nk.2013.61.293 |issn=1755-9944|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Hills |first=Megan C. |date=2020-09-14 |title=Why #FemboyFriday is more than just a trend |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/living/femboyfriday-tiktok-femboys-femme-men-a4533051.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123183228/https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/living/femboyfriday-tiktok-femboys-femme-men-a4533051.html |archive-date=23 January 2024 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}</ref> TikTok has been called a [[safe space]] in allowing freedom of gender expression.<ref name="Ran2020">{{cite web |last=Ran |first=Dani |date=2020-08-13 |title=Introducing the 'Femboys' Taking TikTok By Storm |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/3az4nn/femboys-tiktok-fashion-gen-z |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430081000/https://www.vice.com/en/article/3az4nn/femboys-tiktok-fashion-gen-z |archive-date=30 April 2024 |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]] |language=en}}</ref> The femboy aesthetic has been compared with figures in [[popular culture]] such as [[Harry Styles]];<ref name="FosterBaker2022"/> [[Viral phenomenon|viral trends]] such as "#FemboyFriday" and memes such as "Femboy [[Hooters]]" have helped to popularise the aesthetic.<ref name="Patston2022"/><ref name=":10"/> An unofficial femboy [[pride flag]] exists, which uses seven horizontal stripes with the colours pink, light pink, white, and light blue. These lines and colors represent the feminine aesthetic, feminine behaviour, non-binary identities, and masculinity.<ref>{{Cite web |last=(anonymous) |date=2022-06-25 |title=All about the Femboy Pride Flag |url=https://www.queerty.com/femboy-pride-flag-20220625 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404001727/https://www.queerty.com/femboy-pride-flag-20220625 |archive-date=4 April 2024 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=[[Queerty]]}}</ref>


According to Aye Lei Tun, femboy culture was present in Myanmar's [[Myanmar protests (2021–present)|Spring Revolution]], protesting against the ruling [[military junta]] imposed after the [[2021 Myanmar coup d'état|2021 coup d'état]]. In the protests, femboy outfits were used to gain exposure, with gender-nonconforming outfits being worn by non-femboy protestors. Tun sees the introduction of femboy culture, which was previously unfamiliar to Myanmar, as a tactic to lead towards a "social and cultural ideological revolution".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tun |first=Aye Lei |date=June 2023 |title=Deconstructing and Reinforcing Gender Norms and Cultural Taboos in Myanmar's Spring Revolution |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/889922 |journal=Journal of Burma Studies |language=en |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=39, 48–49 |doi=10.1353/jbs.2023.0001 |s2cid=258307859 |issn=2010-314X}}</ref> A 2021 publication by the [[ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute]] described femboy activity against the junta as causing "subversion of its assertion of rule", drawing comparison to [[opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War]] and the [[Anti-war movement|anti-war]] "[[make love, not war]]" slogan.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Jordt |first1=Ingrid |url=https://www.iseas.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TRS7_21.pdf |title=How Generation Z Galvanized a Revolutionary Movement Against Myanmar's 2021 Military Coup |last2=Than |first2=Tharaphi |last3=Ye Lin |first3=Sue |publisher=[[ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute]] |year=2021 |series=Trends in Southeast Asia |pages=14–15 |issue=7}}</ref>
According to Aye Lei Tun, femboy culture was present in Myanmar's [[Myanmar protests (2021–present)|Spring Revolution]], protesting against the ruling [[military junta]] imposed after the [[2021 Myanmar coup d'état|2021 coup d'état]]. In protest, femboy outfits were used to gain exposure, with gender-nonconforming outfits being worn by non-femboy protestors. Tun sees the introduction of femboy culture, which was previously unfamiliar to Myanmar, as a tactic to lead towards a "social and cultural ideological revolution".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tun |first=Aye Lei |date=June 2023 |title=Deconstructing and Reinforcing Gender Norms and Cultural Taboos in Myanmar's Spring Revolution |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/889922 |journal=Journal of Burma Studies |language=en |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=39, 48–49 |doi=10.1353/jbs.2023.0001 |s2cid=258307859 |issn=2010-314X}}</ref> A 2021 publication by the [[ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute]] described femboy activity against the junta as causing "subversion of its assertion of rule", drawing comparison to [[opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War]] and the [[Anti-war movement|anti-war]] "[[make love, not war]]" slogan.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Jordt |first1=Ingrid |url=https://www.iseas.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TRS7_21.pdf |title=How Generation Z Galvanized a Revolutionary Movement Against Myanmar's 2021 Military Coup |last2=Than |first2=Tharaphi |last3=Ye Lin |first3=Sue |publisher=[[ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute]] |year=2021 |series=Trends in Southeast Asia |pages=14–15 |issue=7}}</ref>


== Reception ==
== Reception ==
{{See also|Queer heterosexuality}}
{{See also|Queer heterosexuality}}
The femboy aesthetic has been praised for "breaking traditional norms of masculinity" and seen as demonstrating that "oppressive gender norms are slowly breaking down"<ref name="Patston2022"/><ref name="Ran2020"/>—on TikTok, the aesthetic has enjoyed popularity, although creators of femboy-style posts may receive [[Homophobia|homophobic]] comments and violent threats.<ref name="Ran2020" />
The femboy aesthetic has been described by [[Vice News]] as a tool which is "breaking traditional norms of masculinity" and seen as demonstrating that "oppressive gender norms are slowly breaking down"<ref name="Patston2022"/><ref name="Ran2020"/>—on TikTok, the aesthetic has enjoyed popularity, although creators of femboy-style posts have received [[Homophobia|homophobic]] comments and violent threats.<ref name="Ran2020" />


Critics have seen femboys as perpetuating male dominance and disregarding existing discourse on gender identity.<ref name="FosterBaker2022"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite magazine |last=Lee |first=Marissa |date=<!--not stated--> |title=The Gender-Fluid Femboy Phenomenon: What it All Means |url=https://www.missionmag.org/femboy-liberation-or-oppression/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016155639/https://missionmag.org/femboy-liberation-or-oppression/ |archive-date=16 October 2021 |access-date=2023-12-18 |magazine=Mission}}</ref> An article by Marissa Lee in ''Mission'' criticised straight femboys for "claim[ing] responsibility for breaking such boundaries" and "do[ing] next to nothing for the conversation surrounding gender fluidity. If anything, [the existence of femboys] emphasises the all-encompassing maleness."<ref name=":0" /> The "femboy aesthetic" of the most popular content creators on TikTok has been called "reenforc[ing] extant patterns of [[gender inequality]]" due to its masculine 'boundary breaks' relying on the sexualisation of women:<ref name="FosterBaker2022"/>
Critics have seen femboys as perpetuating male dominance and disregarding existing discourse on gender identity.<ref name="FosterBaker2022"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite magazine |last=Lee |first=Marissa |date=<!--not stated--> |title=The Gender-Fluid Femboy Phenomenon: What it All Means |url=https://www.missionmag.org/femboy-liberation-or-oppression/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016155639/https://missionmag.org/femboy-liberation-or-oppression/ |archive-date=16 October 2021 |access-date=2023-12-18 |magazine=Mission}}</ref> An article by Marissa Lee in ''Mission'' criticised straight femboys for "claim[ing] responsibility for breaking such boundaries" and "do[ing] next to nothing for the conversation surrounding gender fluidity. If anything, [the existence of femboys] emphasises the all-encompassing maleness."<ref name=":0" /> The "femboy aesthetic" on TikTok has been said to "map onto and reinforce extant patterns of [[gender inequality]]" due to its masculine 'boundary breaks' <ref name="FosterBaker2022"/>
<blockquote>When and if men cross gender boundaries [...], they do so while alluding to masculinities' [[Hegemonic masculinity|hegemonic]] qualities, pairing their behaviours with lyrics and physical gestures that sexualize women and re-assert men's virility, bravado, and strength as a form of heterosexual recuperation.</blockquote>
<blockquote>When and if men cross gender boundaries [...], they do so while alluding to masculinities' [[Hegemonic masculinity|hegemonic]] qualities, pairing their behaviours with lyrics and physical gestures that sexualize women and re-assert men's virility, bravado, and strength as a form of heterosexual recuperation.</blockquote>
The [[alt-right]] have deemed the emergence of the femboy a result of the [[LGBT chemicals conspiracy theory]], alongside "the existence of gender-morphing frogs"; figures such as [[Guillaume Faye]] have called the "effeminisation" of society an example of European [[societal decay]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=del Campo |first=Felix |date=July 2023 |title=New Culture Wars: Tradwives, Bodybuilders and the Neoliberalism of the Far-Right |journal=Critical Sociology |language=en |volume=49 |issue=4–5 |pages=689–706 |doi=10.1177/08969205221109169 |issn=0896-9205|doi-access=free }}</ref>
Figures such as [[Guillaume Faye]] have called the "effeminisation" of society an example of European [[societal decay]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=del Campo |first=Felix |date=July 2023 |title=New Culture Wars: Tradwives, Bodybuilders and the Neoliberalism of the Far-Right |journal=Critical Sociology |language=en |volume=49 |issue=4–5 |pages=689–706 |doi=10.1177/08969205221109169 |issn=0896-9205|doi-access=free }}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
{{Portal|LGBT|Transgender}}
{{Portal|LGBT|Transgender}}
* {{annotated link|Bishōnen|link_lang=ja}}
* ''[[Bishōnen]]'' – a term for men embodying androgyny
* {{annotated link|Otokonoko|link_lang=ja}}
* ''[[Otokonoko]]'' – a term for men with a culturally female gender expression
* {{annotated link|Soy boy|link_lang_italic=yes}}
* [[Soy boy|''Soy boy'']] – Pejorative term for non-masculine men
* {{annotated link|Tomboy|link_lang_italic=yes|link_lang=}}
* [[Tomboy]] – Females with masculine traits


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 01:06, 9 July 2024

Not to be confused with Fembot.

A femboy

Femboy (/ˈfɛmbɔɪ/ ⓘ), also spelt femboi, is a slang term for males who express themselves with traditionally feminine behaviours. As an internet aesthetic, this may be through the use of jewellery, wearing feminine clothing and makeup, or expressing feminine behavioural qualities. Femboy can be used as both a sexual and non-sexual term; it does not denote a specific sexual orientation or gender role.

The term originated in the 1990s. It has since been popularised through internet forums and social media like TikTok, where trends such as "#femboyfriday" have received attention in the media. In gender studies, the term has also been used as an identifier for transgender individuals; in porn studies, the term has been seen as an identifier for a submissive role in intercourse and as exhibiting elements of sexual fantasy.

Usage

Etymology

The term femboy originated in the 1990s and is a compound from the words fem (an abbreviation of feminine and femme) and boy.[1][2] The variant femboi uses the LGBT term boi.[1] By 2000, the term boi[3] had come to denote "a young, attractive gay man. The term "boi" has also been used, independently of any meaning related to sexuality, as an alternate spelling for boy".[4]

Definitions

Femboy refers to a male or non-binary person using aesthetically and culturally female elements to express a more feminine side of the traditional male appearance;[5][6] Collins English Dictionary defines femboy as "a male whose appearance and behavioural traits are regarded as conventionally feminine".[7] According to Dictionary.com, the variant femboi may refer to "softer" individuals, such as young trans men or butch lesbians.[1] Originally, the term was used as a pejorative against non-masculine men but has since been reappropriated,[5] although it may still be used as a slur against trans women.[6] Femboy is a term of gender expression and does not define the sexual orientation or gender identity of an individual.[6]

Along with terms like sissy, femboy is not used in a purely pornographic sense—it may be used to refer to a male involved in non-sexual cross-dressing or transvestic fetishism.[8] The label femboy is used on platforms such as Tumblr to signify a gay sex role similar to that of a female in Western culture; it is related to terms such as boywife and pussyboy in its usage to denote "self-identified effeminate androphilic males who exclusively seek to be penetrated by dominant, masculine men". Richard Vytniorgu argues that this sort of label "enables these bloggers to join together their sex-object choice and sex role in a form of subjectivity that others can identify with" and sees individuals using these labels as sharing a "bottom identity" with non-Western homosexuals.[9] Femboys have been fetishised, and femboy groups have been seen to be exclusionary in who they allow to participate, forming in-groups and out-groups.[10]

Attributes

Gender-fluid self-proclaimed femboy F1NN5TER

A 2022 analysis of the most followed male creators on TikTok identified the presence of effeminate attributes, such as the use of hair dye and jewellery. The paper found that the platform's top creators were "quite homogeneous; [...] almost exclusively white, toned, and young, with perfect or near perfect facial symmetry and considerable bodily adornment", stating that the male creators used the term as a replacement to the adjectives of effeminate and gay.[11]

A femboy may engage in cross-dressing[8]—garments associated with the femboy aesthetic include skirts, dresses, and knee highs.[5][12] Jules Joanne Gleeson claims 4chan femboys are "Often but not always assisted by HRT." Many femboys idealise a feminine form with a flat chest; leading some to attempting gender transition with treatments such as bicalutamide. Due to femboy culture being popular among the youth. This has raised speculation over the longevity of femboy status; in relation to male-to-female transgender people identifying as femboys, identifying as a femboy can be a way of avoiding the medical difficulties of transitioning. Gleeson also proposes the existence of the femboy as a method to escape both internal and external transphobia, alongside "the unique stigma" experienced by transgender women. She sees the femboy as a "self-made effeminate phenomenon" opposing traditional medical practice surrounding gender transition and as an example of "the erratic state of contemporary gender relations".[13]

Femboy is similar to the term shemale in that they both refer to individuals exhibiting masculine and feminine behaviors simultaneously; they express femininity in a manner without the presence of the sexualised female body, such as large breasts. Emerald Vaught sees the term "femboy" as a word used as a distinct iteration, used to describe a type of pornographic transfeminine body.

Presence

A proposed femboy pride flag

Femboy culture began to take shape in the United States in the 1990s. After the term was appropriated on the Internet, femboy communities began to form. Around 2018, the term femboy was found almost exclusively on 4chan, especially on the /lgbt/ forum. It later became popular on platforms such as Reddit and TikTok.[13][5] Reddit has hosted both sexual and non-sexual femboy content. r/feminineboys was started in 2012 and had 264,000 members by July 2024; the site also contains pornographic communities like r/FemBoys.[10][14] TikTok has been called a safe space in allowing freedom of gender expression.[15] The femboy aesthetic has been compared with figures in popular culture such as Harry Styles;[11] viral trends such as "#FemboyFriday" and memes such as "Femboy Hooters" have helped to popularise the aesthetic.[5][14] An unofficial femboy pride flag exists, which uses seven horizontal stripes with the colours pink, light pink, white, and light blue. These lines and colors represent the feminine aesthetic, feminine behaviour, non-binary identities, and masculinity.[16]

According to Aye Lei Tun, femboy culture was present in Myanmar's Spring Revolution, protesting against the ruling military junta imposed after the 2021 coup d'état. In protest, femboy outfits were used to gain exposure, with gender-nonconforming outfits being worn by non-femboy protestors. Tun sees the introduction of femboy culture, which was previously unfamiliar to Myanmar, as a tactic to lead towards a "social and cultural ideological revolution".[17] A 2021 publication by the ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute described femboy activity against the junta as causing "subversion of its assertion of rule", drawing comparison to opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War and the anti-war "make love, not war" slogan.[18]

Reception

See also: Queer heterosexuality

The femboy aesthetic has been described by Vice News as a tool which is "breaking traditional norms of masculinity" and seen as demonstrating that "oppressive gender norms are slowly breaking down"[5][15]—on TikTok, the aesthetic has enjoyed popularity, although creators of femboy-style posts have received homophobic comments and violent threats.[15]

Critics have seen femboys as perpetuating male dominance and disregarding existing discourse on gender identity.[11][19] An article by Marissa Lee in Mission criticised straight femboys for "claim[ing] responsibility for breaking such boundaries" and "do[ing] next to nothing for the conversation surrounding gender fluidity. If anything, [the existence of femboys] emphasises the all-encompassing maleness."[19] The "femboy aesthetic" on TikTok has been said to "map onto and reinforce extant patterns of gender inequality" due to its masculine 'boundary breaks' [11]

When and if men cross gender boundaries [...], they do so while alluding to masculinities' hegemonic qualities, pairing their behaviours with lyrics and physical gestures that sexualize women and re-assert men's virility, bravado, and strength as a form of heterosexual recuperation.

Figures such as Guillaume Faye have called the "effeminisation" of society an example of European societal decay.[20]

See also

  • Bishōnen – Japanese term for an attractive young man
  • Otokonoko – Japanese men who cross-dress as women
  • Soy boy – Pejorative term for men perceived as non-masculine
  • Tomboy – A girl who behaves in a manner considered typical of boys

References

  1. ^ a b c "What Is A "Femboy"?". Dictionary.com. 26 January 2021. Archived from the original on 7 April 2024. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  2. ^ "Fem". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  3. ^ "boi Meaning & Origin | Slang by Dictionary.com". Dictionary.com. 25 October 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  4. ^ Urquhart, Evan (21 October 2020). "Mad About the Boi". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on 8 January 2024. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Patston, Manning (29 July 2022). "Femboy is the TikTok trend shaking up gender norms". Happy Mag. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  6. ^ a b c Cristalli, Beatrice (7 January 2021). "Parlare della fluidità di genere" [Talking about gender fluidity]. Treccani (in Italian). Archived from the original on 30 March 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  7. ^ "Femboy". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 13 February 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  8. ^ a b Vaught, Emerald (6 July 2023). "Saturated femininities: trans women in porn beyond the shemale". Porn Studies (published 12 December 2023): 11. doi:10.1080/23268743.2023.2267603. ISSN 2326-8743. S2CID 266298941.
  9. ^ Vytniorgu, Richard (24 August 2023). "Effeminate Gay Bottoms in the West: Narratives of Pussyboys and Boiwives on Tumblr". Journal of Homosexuality. 70 (10): 2124. doi:10.1080/00918369.2022.2048167. hdl:10871/129588. ISSN 0091-8369. PMID 35285776.
  10. ^ a b En, Boka; En, Michael; Griffiths, David (8 August 2013). "Gay Stuff and Guy Stuff: The Construction of Sexual Identities in Sidebars on Reddit". Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network. 6 (1): 11. doi:10.31165/nk.2013.61.293. ISSN 1755-9944.
  11. ^ a b c d Foster, Jordan; Baker, Jayne (July 2022). "Muscles, Makeup, and Femboys: Analyzing TikTok's "Radical" Masculinities". Social Media + Society. 8 (3). doi:10.1177/20563051221126040. ISSN 2056-3051.
  12. ^ Cidral, Mariáh (15 September 2020). "Femboys: o Movimento Que Vai das Semanas de Moda ao TikTok" [Femboys: the Movement That Goes From Fashion Weeks to TikTok]. FFW (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  13. ^ a b Gleeson, Jules Joannne (3 February 2018). "An Anatomy of the Soy Boy". New Socialist. Archived from the original on 17 March 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  14. ^ a b Hills, Megan C. (14 September 2020). "Why #FemboyFriday is more than just a trend". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  15. ^ a b c Ran, Dani (13 August 2020). "Introducing the 'Femboys' Taking TikTok By Storm". Vice. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  16. ^ (anonymous) (25 June 2022). "All about the Femboy Pride Flag". Queerty. Archived from the original on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  17. ^ Tun, Aye Lei (June 2023). "Deconstructing and Reinforcing Gender Norms and Cultural Taboos in Myanmar's Spring Revolution". Journal of Burma Studies. 27 (1): 39, 48–49. doi:10.1353/jbs.2023.0001. ISSN 2010-314X. S2CID 258307859.
  18. ^ Jordt, Ingrid; Than, Tharaphi; Ye Lin, Sue (2021). How Generation Z Galvanized a Revolutionary Movement Against Myanmar's 2021 Military Coup (PDF). Trends in Southeast Asia. ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute. pp. 14–15.
  19. ^ a b Lee, Marissa. "The Gender-Fluid Femboy Phenomenon: What it All Means". Mission. Archived from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  20. ^ del Campo, Felix (July 2023). "New Culture Wars: Tradwives, Bodybuilders and the Neoliberalism of the Far-Right". Critical Sociology. 49 (4–5): 689–706. doi:10.1177/08969205221109169. ISSN 0896-9205.
Look up femboy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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