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|image_size =
|image_size =
|caption =
|caption =
|Mythology = [[Muisca mythology]]
|Folklore = [[Muisca mythology]]
|Grouping = ''[[Cacique]]''
|Grouping = ''[[cacique]]''
|Sub_Grouping = ''[[Zaque]]''
|Sub_Grouping = ''[[zaque]]''

|Parents =
|Country = [[Muisca Confederation]]
|Country = [[Muisca Confederation]]
|Region = [[Altiplano Cundiboyacense]]<br>{{COL}}
|Region = [[Altiplano Cundiboyacense]]<br>{{COL}}
|Habitat = [[Tunja|Hunza]]
|Habitat = [[Tunja|Hunza]]
|First_Reported =
|First_Attested =
|Last_Reported =
|Similar_creatures = [[Goranchacha]]
|Similar_entities = [[Goranchacha]]<br>Tutazúa (brother)
}}
}}
'''Thomagata''' or '''Fomagata''' was a [[Muisca mythology|mythical]] ''[[cacique]]'' who was said to have been ''[[zaque]]'' of [[Tunja|Hunza]], present-day Tunja, [[Colombia]], then part of the territories of the [[Muisca people]]. He is remembered as one of the most religious in the history of the ''zaques'', after [[Idacansás]].<ref name=p85/>
'''Thomagata''' or '''Fomagata''' was a [[Muisca mythology|mythical]] ''[[cacique]]'' who was said to have been ''[[zaque]]'' of [[Tunja|Hunza]], present-day Tunja, [[Colombia]], then part of the [[Muisca Confederation]]. He is remembered as one of the most [[Muisca religion|religious]] in the history of the ''zaques'', after [[Idacansás]].<ref name=p85/>


== Background ==
== Background ==
In the centuries before the arrival of the [[Spanish conquest of the Chibchan Nations|Spanish]] [[conquistador]]es the central highlands of Colombia were ruled by ''[[zaque]]s'' (northern [[Muisca Confederation]]) and ''[[zipa]]s'' (southern territories). The first confirmed human ''zaque'' and ''zipa'' were respectively [[Hunzahúa]] and [[Meicuchuca]], inaugurated in [[1450]]. The time before those rulers are based on [[mythology]].
In the centuries before the arrival of the [[Spanish conquest of the Muisca|Spanish]] [[conquistador]]s, the central highlands of Colombia were ruled by ''[[zaque]]s'' (northern [[Muisca Confederation]]) and ''[[zipa]]s'' (southern territories of the [[Muisca people|Muisca]]). The first confirmed human ''zaque'' and ''zipa'' were respectively [[Hunzahúa]] and [[Meicuchuca]], inaugurated in 1450. The time before those rulers are based on [[Muisca mythology|Folklore]].


== Mythography ==
== Mythography ==
Thomagata allegedly had a [[tail]], as that of a [[jaguar]] that reached to the ground, hence the name ''Cacique Rabón'' ("Taily Chief"). Tomaghata had four ears and only one eye because he was blind on the other.<ref name=p85/>
Thomagata allegedly had a [[tail]], as that of a [[jaguar]] that reached to the ground, hence the name ''Cacique Rabón'' ("Taily Chief"). Thomagata had four ears and only one eye because he was blind on the other.<ref name=p85/>


Thomagata was a [[saint]], traveling each night between Tunja and the [[Temple of the Sun (Sogamoso)|Temple of the Sun]] in [[Sogamoso|Sugamuxi]] along the [[Iraka Valley]]. His walks were a [[pilgrimage]], ten times back and forth, praying in the sacred sites he encountered on his way. Muisca traditions tell he was so holy that whom he made angry, he converted into a [[snake]], [[lizard]] or other animal. Tomaghata got this ability from Idacansás and the [[Sun]].<ref name=p85/>
Thomagata was a [[saint]], traveling each night between Tunja and the [[Sun Temple (Sogamoso)|Temple of the Sun]] in [[Sogamoso|Sugamuxi]] along the [[Iraka Valley]]. His walks were a [[pilgrimage]], ten times back and forth, praying in the sacred sites he encountered on his way. Muisca traditions tell he was so holy that whom he made angry, he converted into a [[snake]], [[lizard]] or other animal. Thomagata got this ability from Idacansás and the [[Sun]].<ref name=p85/>


Thomagata looked upon his [[vassal]]s with disrespect and turned them into animals, so the Muisca didn't dare look him in the face. ''Zaque'' Tomaghata never married.<ref name=p86>Ocampo López, 2013, Ch.14, p.86</ref>
Thomagata looked upon his [[vassal]]s with disrespect and turned them into animals, so the Muisca didn't dare look him in the face. ''Zaque'' Tomaghata never married.<ref name=p86>Ocampo López, 2013, Ch.14, p.86</ref>


Bishop [[Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita]], chronicler of most of the Muisca mythology and traditions wrote in the 17th century about Tomaghata:<ref name=p86/>
Bishop [[Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita]], chronicler of most of the Muisca mythology and traditions, wrote in the 17th century about Thomagata:<ref name=p86/>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
...habiéndose inclinado en su mocedad al matrimonio y queriéndolo efectuar, reconoció que estaba inhabilitado para ello porque desagradado el Sol de semejante pretensión y empeñado en que le sucediese en el reino Tutazúa, su hermano, lo despojó la noche antes de la potencia germinativa, por lo cual vivió toda la vida en celibato y después de ciento y tantos años murió...</blockquote>
...habiéndose inclinado en su mocedad al matrimonio y queriéndolo efectuar, reconoció que estaba inhabilitado para ello porque desagradado el Sol de semejante pretensión y empeñado en que le sucediese en el reino Tutazúa, su hermano, lo despojó la noche antes de la potencia germinativa, por lo cual vivió toda la vida en celibato y después de ciento y tantos años murió...</blockquote>
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</blockquote>
</blockquote>


Tutazúa succeeded Thomagata as ''cacique'' of Hunza. In the [[Chibcha language]] Tutazúa means "son of the Sun".<ref name=p86/> The first confirmed human ''zaque'' of the northern Muisca, [[Hunzahúa]], is said to have descended from Thomagata.<ref>{{es}} Acosta, Joaquín, 1800-1852 [http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/descol/comp12a.htm Mitología de los Chibchas, sus usos y costumbres; Mythology of the Chibcha-speaking people, their use and customs] - Banco de la República - accessed 22-04-2016</ref>
Tutazúa succeeded Thomagata as ''cacique'' of Hunza. In the [[Chibcha language]] Tutazúa means "son of the Sun".<ref name=p86/> The first confirmed human ''zaque'' of the northern Muisca, [[Hunzahúa]], is said to have descended from Thomagata.<ref>{{in lang|es}} Acosta, Joaquín, 1800-1852 [http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/descol/comp12a.htm Mitología de los Chibchas, sus usos y costumbres; Mythology of the Chibcha-speaking people, their use and customs] - Banco de la República - accessed 22-04-2016</ref>


== Named after Thomagata ==
=== Named after Thomagata ===
[[Thomagata Patera]], a [[volcano]] on [[Jupiter]]'s [[natural satellite|moon]] [[Io (moon)|Io]] has been named after Thomagata.<ref>{{gpn|5975|Thomagata Patera}}</ref>
[[Thomagata Patera]], a [[volcano]] on [[Jupiter]]'s [[natural satellite|moon]] [[Io (moon)|Io]] has been named after Thomagata.<ref>{{gpn|5975|Thomagata Patera}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Muisca people]]
* [[Muisca]]
* [[Muisca religion and mythology]]
* [[Muisca mythology]], [[Idacansás]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


== Bibliography ==
=== Bibliography ===
:{{cite book |author=Ocampo López, Javier |authorlink=Javier Ocampo López |year=2013 |title=Mitos y leyendas indígenas de Colombia |trans_title=Indigenous myths and legends of Colombia |location=Bogotá, Colombia |publisher=Plaza & Janes Editores Colombia S.A. |isbn=978-958-14-1416-1 |language=es}}
* {{citation |last=[[Javier Ocampo López|Ocampo López]] |first=Javier |year=2013 |title=Mitos y leyendas indígenas de Colombia - Indigenous myths and legends of Colombia |location=Bogotá, Colombia |publisher=Plaza & Janes Editores Colombia S.A. |isbn=978-958-14-1416-1 |pages=1–219 |language=es}}

{{Muisca navbox|Folklore and religion|state=expanded}}


[[Category:Muisca]]
[[Category:Muisca mythology and religion]]
[[Category:South American legendary creatures]]
[[Category:Pre-Columbian mythology and religion]]
[[Category:Pre-Columbian mythology and religion]]

Latest revision as of 17:49, 16 July 2024

Thomagata
Groupingcacique
Sub groupingzaque
Similar entitiesGoranchacha
Tutazúa (brother)
FolkloreMuisca mythology
Other name(s)Fomagata or
Cacique Rabón[1]
CountryMuisca Confederation
RegionAltiplano Cundiboyacense
 Colombia
HabitatHunza

Thomagata or Fomagata was a mythical cacique who was said to have been zaque of Hunza, present-day Tunja, Colombia, then part of the Muisca Confederation. He is remembered as one of the most religious in the history of the zaques, after Idacansás.[1]

Background

[edit]

In the centuries before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors, the central highlands of Colombia were ruled by zaques (northern Muisca Confederation) and zipas (southern territories of the Muisca). The first confirmed human zaque and zipa were respectively Hunzahúa and Meicuchuca, inaugurated in 1450. The time before those rulers are based on Folklore.

Mythography

[edit]

Thomagata allegedly had a tail, as that of a jaguar that reached to the ground, hence the name Cacique Rabón ("Taily Chief"). Thomagata had four ears and only one eye because he was blind on the other.[1]

Thomagata was a saint, traveling each night between Tunja and the Temple of the Sun in Sugamuxi along the Iraka Valley. His walks were a pilgrimage, ten times back and forth, praying in the sacred sites he encountered on his way. Muisca traditions tell he was so holy that whom he made angry, he converted into a snake, lizard or other animal. Thomagata got this ability from Idacansás and the Sun.[1]

Thomagata looked upon his vassals with disrespect and turned them into animals, so the Muisca didn't dare look him in the face. Zaque Tomaghata never married.[2]

Bishop Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita, chronicler of most of the Muisca mythology and traditions, wrote in the 17th century about Thomagata:[2]

...habiéndose inclinado en su mocedad al matrimonio y queriéndolo efectuar, reconoció que estaba inhabilitado para ello porque desagradado el Sol de semejante pretensión y empeñado en que le sucediese en el reino Tutazúa, su hermano, lo despojó la noche antes de la potencia germinativa, por lo cual vivió toda la vida en celibato y después de ciento y tantos años murió...

translated as

...having tended towards marriage in his youth and wanting to carry that out, he recognized that he was unable for that because the Sun was too ambitious and determined that Tutazúa, his brother, would succeed the reign of the zacazgo ["kingdom"], [the Sun] deprived him from his genital power so he lived all his life in celibacy and after more than 100 years he died...

Tutazúa succeeded Thomagata as cacique of Hunza. In the Chibcha language Tutazúa means "son of the Sun".[2] The first confirmed human zaque of the northern Muisca, Hunzahúa, is said to have descended from Thomagata.[3]

Named after Thomagata

[edit]

Thomagata Patera, a volcano on Jupiter's moon Io has been named after Thomagata.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Ocampo López, 2013, Ch.14, p.85
  2. ^ a b c Ocampo López, 2013, Ch.14, p.86
  3. ^ (in Spanish) Acosta, Joaquín, 1800-1852 Mitología de los Chibchas, sus usos y costumbres; Mythology of the Chibcha-speaking people, their use and customs - Banco de la República - accessed 22-04-2016
  4. ^ "Thomagata Patera". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Ocampo López, Javier (2013), Mitos y leyendas indígenas de Colombia - Indigenous myths and legends of Colombia (in Spanish), Bogotá, Colombia: Plaza & Janes Editores Colombia S.A., pp. 1–219, ISBN 978-958-14-1416-1
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