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{{short description|American politician (1782–1844)}}
{{Other people|Henry Muhlenberg}}
{{Other people|Henry Muhlenberg}}
{{infobox officeholder
'''Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg''' (13 May 1782– 11 August 1844) was an American political leader and diplomat. He was a member of the [[Muhlenberg Family]] political dynasty.
| name =
| image = Henry A. Muhlenberg (US Congressman from Pennsylvania).jpg
| caption =
| office = [[United States Ambassador to Austria|U.S. Minister to the Austrian Empire]]
| term_start = February 8, 1838
| term_end = September 18, 1840
| president = [[Martin Van Buren]]
| predecessor = ''Office created''
| successor = [[Daniel Jenifer]]
| state1 = Pennsylvania
| district1 = [[Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district|9th]]
| term_start1 = 1833
| term_end1 = 1838
| predecessor1 = [[James Ford (Pennsylvania politician)|James Ford]] <br> [[Philander Stephens]] <br> [[Lewis Dewart]]
| successor1 = [[George M. Keim]]
| state2 = Pennsylvania
| district2 = [[Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district|7th]]
| term2 = 1829–1833
| alongside2 = [[Joseph Fry, Jr.]]
| predecessor2 = [[William Addams]] <br> [[Joseph Fry, Jr.]]
| successor2 = [[David D. Wagener]]
| birth_name = Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg
| birth_date = {{birth date|1782|05|13}}
| birth_place = [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania]], [[British America]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1844|08|11|1782|05|13}}
| death_place = [[Reading, Pennsylvania]], U.S.
| resting_place = [[Charles Evans Cemetery]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Minister|politician}}
| party = [[United States Democratic-Republican Party|Jacksonian Democrat]]<br>[[United States Democratic-Republican Party|Democrat]]
| alma_mater =
| parents = [[Gotthilf Henry Ernest Muhlenberg]]<br>Mary Catherine Hall Muhlenberg
| spouse =
| children = [[Henry Augustus Muhlenberg (1823–1854)|Henry Augustus Muhlenberg]]
| relations = [[Frederick Muhlenberg]] (uncle)<br>[[Peter Muhlenberg]] (uncle)
}}
'''Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg''' (May 13, 1782 – August 11, 1844) was an American political leader and diplomat. He was a member of the [[Muhlenberg family]] political dynasty.


==Early life==
Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg was born in [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania]] on May 13, 1782.<ref>{{cite book|url= http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/moa-cgi?notisid=AGD1642-0016-11|title= Biographical Memoir of the Late Henry A. Muhlenberg|page= 73|work= The United States Democratic review. / Volume 16, Issue 79|publisher= J.& H.G. Langley, etc.|date= January 1845|accessdate= 2009-01-28}}</ref> Henry was the son of [[Gotthilf Henry Ernest Muhlenberg]] and Mary Catherine Hall Muhlenberg. Henry's uncles [[Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg]] and [[John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg]] were [[Revolutionary War]] leaders.
Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg was born in [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania]], on May 13, 1782.<ref>{{cite book|url= http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/moa-cgi?notisid=AGD1642-0016-11|title= Biographical Memoir of the Late Henry A. Muhlenberg|page= 73|work= The United States Democratic review. / Volume 16, Issue 79|publisher= J.& H.G. Langley, etc.|date= January 1845|access-date= 2009-01-28}}</ref> Henry was the son of Mary Catherine ([[née]] Hall) Muhlenberg and [[Gotthilf Henry Ernest Muhlenberg]], a prominent clergyman and botanist.<ref name="PGS1907"/>


His paternal grandfather was [[Henry Muhlenberg]], a German born [[Lutheran]] pastor who was sent to North America as a missionary. His paternal grandmother, Anna Maria (née Weiser) Muhlenberg was the daughter of Colonial leader, [[Conrad Weiser]].<ref name="Weiser1960"/> Among Henry's uncles were [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]] leaders, [[Frederick Muhlenberg]], later the 1st [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives]], and [[Peter Muhlenberg]], who served as the 8th [[Vice-President of Pennsylvania]] under [[Benjamin Franklin]] before his election as a U.S. Representative and [[U.S. Senator]] from Pennsylvania.<ref name="HAPMbioguide"/>
Henry studied theology and was ordained a [[Lutheran]] minister in 1802. He served as pastor of Trinity Lutheran Church in [[Reading, Pennsylvania]] from 1803 to 1829.


==Career==
Muhlenberg was elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]] in 1828 as a [[United States Democratic-Republican Party|Jacksonian Democrat]]. He remained in Congress from 1829 until his appointment as the first United States Minister to the [[Austrian Empire]] on February 8, 1838. He served in [[Vienna]] from 1838 to September 18, 1840.
Muhlenberg studied theology and was ordained a [[Lutheran]] minister in 1802. He served as pastor of Trinity Lutheran Church in [[Reading, Pennsylvania]], from April 1803 to June 1829.<ref name="HAPMbioguide"/>


He was elected a member of the [[American Antiquarian Society]] in 1814.<ref>[http://www.americanantiquarian.org/memberlistm American Antiquarian Society Members Directory]</ref>
He ran unsuccessfully for [[Governor of Pennsylvania]] twice in 1835 and 1837. He was nominated by the [[United States Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic Party]] a third time in 1844, but died before the election took place.


===Political career===
Muhlenberg died in Reading, Pennsylvania on August 11, 1844. Henry's son, [[Henry Augustus Muhlenberg]] would later be elected to Congress.
In 1828, Muhlenberg was elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]] to serve in the [[21st United States Congress]] as a [[United States Democratic-Republican Party|Jacksonian Democrat]].<ref name="Cheathem2007">{{cite book |last1=Cheathem |first1=Mark R. |title=Old Hickory's Nephew: The Political and Private Struggles of Andrew Jackson Donelson |date=2007 |publisher=[[LSU Press]] |isbn=9780807135655 |page=166 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GDpUa3eZcIMC&pg=PA166 |access-date=30 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> He was reelected, as a Jacksonian, to the [[22nd United States Congress|22nd]] through [[24th United States Congress]]es. On December 9, 1834, he wrote to [[John M. Read]], later the [[Attorney General of Pennsylvania]], about [[James Buchanan]]'s election to the [[United States Senate]], stating: "I rejoice in the election of our friend Buchanan" and that "he will be an honor to the State and of much service to our friends."<ref name="dickinson">{{cite web |title=Letter from Henry A. P. Muhlenberg to John M. Read |url=http://archives.dickinson.edu/document-descriptions/letter-henry-p-muhlenberg-john-m-read |website=archives.dickinson.edu |publisher=[[Dickinson College]] |access-date=30 April 2019}}</ref>


Muhlenberg was again reelected to the [[25th United States Congress|25th Congress]], this time as a [[United States Democratic-Republican Party|Democrat]], and served from March 4, 1829, until his resignation on February 9, 1838, when he was appointed the first United States Minister to the [[Austrian Empire]] on February 8, 1838.<ref name="Louden2016">{{cite book |last1=Louden |first1=Mark L. |title=Pennsylvania Dutch: The Story of an American Language |date=2016 |publisher=[[JHU Press]] |isbn=9781421418285 |page=238 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4TtqCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA238 |access-date=30 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> He presented his credentials in [[Vienna]] on November 7, 1838, and served until September 18, 1840, when he left his post and was succeeded by [[Daniel Jenifer]].<ref name="HAPMstate">{{cite web |title=Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg - People - Department History - Office of the Historian |url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/muhlenberg-henry-augustus-philip |website=history.state.gov |publisher=[[United States Department of State|Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs United States Department of State]] |access-date=30 April 2019}}</ref>
== Notes and references ==

{{reflist}}
He ran unsuccessfully for [[Governor of Pennsylvania]] twice in [[Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 1835|1835]] and [[Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 1838|1838]]. He was nominated by the Democratic Party a third time in [[Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 1844|1844]], but died before the election took place.<ref name="HAPMbioguide"/>

==Personal life==
Muhlenberg was twice married. His first marriage was in 1805 to Mary Elizabeth Muhlenberg (1784–1806). Mary died on March 21, 1806, giving birth to a daughter:<ref name="Weiser1960"/>

* Mary Elizabeth Muhlenberg (1806–1838), who married the Rev. Ehrgott Jonathan Deininger (1801–1881).<ref name="Weiser1960">{{cite book |last1=Association |first1=John Conrad Weiser Family |title=The Weiser Family: A Genealogy of the family of John Conrad Weiser, the elder (d. 1746); prepared on the two hundred fiftieth anniversary of his arrival in America, 1710-1760 |date=1960 |publisher=John Conrad Weiser Family Assoc. |page=214 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P5JYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA214 |access-date=30 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

After her death, he remarried to Rebecca Hiester (1781–1841) on June 7, 1808.<ref name="Weiser1960"/> Rebecca was the daughter of Elizabeth (née Witman) Hiester and [[Joseph Hiester]], the 5th governor of Pennsylvania.<ref name="PGS1907">{{cite book |title=The Pennsylvania German Society Proceedings and Addresses at Reading, Oct. 27, 1905, Vol. XVI |date=1907 |publisher=[[Pennsylvania German Society]] |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9KY6AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA16 |access-date=30 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Together, they were the parents of:<ref name="Weiser1960"/>

* Emma Elizabeth Muhlenberg, who died in infancy.<ref name="Weiser1960"/>
* Hiester Henry Muhlenberg (1812–1886), who married Amelia Howard (1817–1852). After her death, he married Katharine Spang Hunter (1835–1913).
* Emma Elizabeth Muhlenberg (1817–1833), who died unmarried.<ref name="Weiser1960"/>
* Rosa Catharine Muhlenberg (1821–1867), who married Gustavus Anthony Nicolls (1817–1886).<ref name="Weiser1960"/>
* [[Henry Augustus Muhlenberg (1823–1854)|Henry Augustus Muhlenberg]] (1823–1854), who was elected to Congress and married his cousin, Ann Hall Muhlenberg.<ref name="Weiser1960"/>

Muhlenberg died in Reading, Pennsylvania, on August 11, 1844, and is interred at the [[Charles Evans Cemetery]].<ref name="HAPMbioguide">{{cite web |title=MUHLENBERG, Henry Augustus Philip - Biographical Information |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001065 |website=bioguide.congress.gov |publisher=[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]] |access-date=30 April 2019}}</ref>

===Descendants===
Through his son Henry, he was the grandfather of [[Henry Augustus Muhlenberg (1848–1906)|Henry Augustus Muhlenberg III]], who unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1892.<ref name="Weiser1960"/>

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{CongBio|M001065}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel |short=x}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel |short=x}}
* {{find a Grave|12478914}}


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{{s-bef|before=[[George Wolf]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee for [[Governor of Pennsylvania]]|years=[[1835 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election|1835]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[David R. Porter]]}}
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{{US House succession box
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| state=Pennsylvania
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{{s-ttl |title= [[United States Ambassador to Austria|U.S. Minister to the Austrian Empire]]
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{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus Philip
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American politician
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1782
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 1844
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus Philip}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus Philip}}
[[Category:1782 births]]
[[Category:1782 births]]
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[[Category:Ambassadors of the United States to Austria]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of the United States to Austria]]
[[Category:American Lutherans]]
[[Category:American Lutherans]]
[[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:American people of German descent]]
[[Category:Burials at Charles Evans Cemetery]]
[[Category:Muhlenberg family]]
[[Category:Muhlenberg family]]
[[Category:People from Lancaster, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:People from Reading, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania Jacksonians]]
[[Category:Politicians from Lancaster, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania Democrats]]
[[Category:19th-century American diplomats]]
[[Category:19th-century American diplomats]]
[[Category:Jacksonian members of the United States House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Jacksonian members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:19th-century Pennsylvania politicians]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Members of the American Antiquarian Society]]
[[Category:19th-century American legislators]]

Latest revision as of 19:27, 24 July 2024

For other people named Henry Muhlenberg, see Henry Muhlenberg (disambiguation).
Henry A. P. Muhlenberg
U.S. Minister to the Austrian Empire
In office
February 8, 1838 – September 18, 1840
PresidentMartin Van Buren
Preceded byOffice created
Succeeded byDaniel Jenifer
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Pennsylvania's 9th district
In office
1833–1838
Preceded byJames Ford
Philander Stephens
Lewis Dewart
Succeeded byGeorge M. Keim
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Pennsylvania's 7th district
In office
1829–1833
Preceded byWilliam Addams
Joseph Fry, Jr.
Succeeded byDavid D. Wagener
Personal details
Born
Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg

(1782-05-13)May 13, 1782
Lancaster, Pennsylvania, British America
DiedAugust 11, 1844(1844-08-11) (aged 62)
Reading, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Resting placeCharles Evans Cemetery
Political partyJacksonian Democrat
Democrat
RelationsFrederick Muhlenberg (uncle)
Peter Muhlenberg (uncle)
ChildrenHenry Augustus Muhlenberg
Parent(s)Gotthilf Henry Ernest Muhlenberg
Mary Catherine Hall Muhlenberg
Occupation
  • Minister
  • politician

Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg (May 13, 1782 – August 11, 1844) was an American political leader and diplomat. He was a member of the Muhlenberg family political dynasty.

Early life

[edit]

Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, on May 13, 1782.[1] Henry was the son of Mary Catherine (née Hall) Muhlenberg and Gotthilf Henry Ernest Muhlenberg, a prominent clergyman and botanist.[2]

His paternal grandfather was Henry Muhlenberg, a German born Lutheran pastor who was sent to North America as a missionary. His paternal grandmother, Anna Maria (née Weiser) Muhlenberg was the daughter of Colonial leader, Conrad Weiser.[3] Among Henry's uncles were Revolutionary War leaders, Frederick Muhlenberg, later the 1st Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, and Peter Muhlenberg, who served as the 8th Vice-President of Pennsylvania under Benjamin Franklin before his election as a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania.[4]

Career

[edit]

Muhlenberg studied theology and was ordained a Lutheran minister in 1802. He served as pastor of Trinity Lutheran Church in Reading, Pennsylvania, from April 1803 to June 1829.[4]

He was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1814.[5]

Political career

[edit]

In 1828, Muhlenberg was elected to the United States House of Representatives to serve in the 21st United States Congress as a Jacksonian Democrat.[6] He was reelected, as a Jacksonian, to the 22nd through 24th United States Congresses. On December 9, 1834, he wrote to John M. Read, later the Attorney General of Pennsylvania, about James Buchanan's election to the United States Senate, stating: "I rejoice in the election of our friend Buchanan" and that "he will be an honor to the State and of much service to our friends."[7]

Muhlenberg was again reelected to the 25th Congress, this time as a Democrat, and served from March 4, 1829, until his resignation on February 9, 1838, when he was appointed the first United States Minister to the Austrian Empire on February 8, 1838.[8] He presented his credentials in Vienna on November 7, 1838, and served until September 18, 1840, when he left his post and was succeeded by Daniel Jenifer.[9]

He ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Pennsylvania twice in 1835 and 1838. He was nominated by the Democratic Party a third time in 1844, but died before the election took place.[4]

Personal life

[edit]

Muhlenberg was twice married. His first marriage was in 1805 to Mary Elizabeth Muhlenberg (1784–1806). Mary died on March 21, 1806, giving birth to a daughter:[3]

  • Mary Elizabeth Muhlenberg (1806–1838), who married the Rev. Ehrgott Jonathan Deininger (1801–1881).[3]

After her death, he remarried to Rebecca Hiester (1781–1841) on June 7, 1808.[3] Rebecca was the daughter of Elizabeth (née Witman) Hiester and Joseph Hiester, the 5th governor of Pennsylvania.[2] Together, they were the parents of:[3]

  • Emma Elizabeth Muhlenberg, who died in infancy.[3]
  • Hiester Henry Muhlenberg (1812–1886), who married Amelia Howard (1817–1852). After her death, he married Katharine Spang Hunter (1835–1913).
  • Emma Elizabeth Muhlenberg (1817–1833), who died unmarried.[3]
  • Rosa Catharine Muhlenberg (1821–1867), who married Gustavus Anthony Nicolls (1817–1886).[3]
  • Henry Augustus Muhlenberg (1823–1854), who was elected to Congress and married his cousin, Ann Hall Muhlenberg.[3]

Muhlenberg died in Reading, Pennsylvania, on August 11, 1844, and is interred at the Charles Evans Cemetery.[4]

Descendants

[edit]

Through his son Henry, he was the grandfather of Henry Augustus Muhlenberg III, who unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1892.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Biographical Memoir of the Late Henry A. Muhlenberg. J.& H.G. Langley, etc. January 1845. p. 73. Retrieved 2009-01-28. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  2. ^ a b The Pennsylvania German Society Proceedings and Addresses at Reading, Oct. 27, 1905, Vol. XVI. Pennsylvania German Society. 1907. p. 16. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Association, John Conrad Weiser Family (1960). The Weiser Family: A Genealogy of the family of John Conrad Weiser, the elder (d. 1746); prepared on the two hundred fiftieth anniversary of his arrival in America, 1710-1760. John Conrad Weiser Family Assoc. p. 214. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d "MUHLENBERG, Henry Augustus Philip - Biographical Information". bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  5. ^ American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
  6. ^ Cheathem, Mark R. (2007). Old Hickory's Nephew: The Political and Private Struggles of Andrew Jackson Donelson. LSU Press. p. 166. ISBN 9780807135655. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  7. ^ "Letter from Henry A. P. Muhlenberg to John M. Read". archives.dickinson.edu. Dickinson College. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  8. ^ Louden, Mark L. (2016). Pennsylvania Dutch: The Story of an American Language. JHU Press. p. 238. ISBN 9781421418285. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  9. ^ "Henry Augustus Philip Muhlenberg - People - Department History - Office of the Historian". history.state.gov. Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs United States Department of State. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
[edit]
Party political offices
Preceded by Democratic nominee for Governor of Pennsylvania
1835 		Succeeded by
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district
1829–1833
1829–1831 alongside: Joseph Fry, Jr. 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district
1833–1838 		Succeeded by
Diplomatic posts
New title U.S. Minister to the Austrian Empire
1838–1840 		Succeeded by
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