Zé Povinho: Difference between revisions
removed Category:Portuguese culture using HotCat |
|||
| (38 intermediate revisions by 28 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}} |
|||
[[ |
[[File:Zepovinho.jpg|thumb|Zé Povinho in [[Caldas da Rainha]] [[porcelain]].]] |
||
'''Zé Povinho''' is a [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[everyman]] created in 1875 by [[Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro]]. He became first a symbol of the Portuguese working-class people, and eventually into the unofficial [[national personification|personification]] of [[Portugal]]. |
|||
'''Zé Povinho''' is the cartoon character of a [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[everyman]]<ref>https://www.compulsivecontents.com/detail-event/ze-povinho-portugaland39s-everyman/</ref> created by [[Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro]]. After an extended break (due to the creator traveling to [[Rio de Janeiro]], Zé Povinho returned to the printed page in the O ''António Maria'' newspaper, and appeared in 2 more newspapers before the last drawing by the original creator in November 1904.<ref>https://museubordalopinheiro.pt/o-ze-povinho-sempre-o-mesmo/</ref> Zé Povinho became first a symbol of the Portuguese working-class people, and eventually into the unofficial [[national personification|personification]] of [[Portugal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/o-ze-povinho-de-rafael-bordalo-pinheiro/|title = O "Zé Povinho" de Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro|date = 2011|access-date = 3 August 2015|website = Ensina RTP}}</ref> The character is often used to criticize politics and political figures.<ref>https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/o-ze-povinho-de-rafael-bordalo-pinheiro/</ref> |
|||
== History == |
|||
"Zé", in [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], is a common short form of the name "José" - as "Joe" is for "Joseph", in [[English language|English]] - and "Povinho" is a diminutive for "Povo", which means "[[people]]". |
|||
It made its first appearance in the 5th edition of the ''A Lanterna Mágica'' newspaper, in June 12, 1875, in a [[caricature]] called titled "Portugueze Calendar", alluding to [[Tax|taxes]], where the Minister of Finance, [[António de Serpa Pimentel|Serpa Pimentel]], appears withdrawing a three-cent [[alms]] from Zé Povinho for [[Anthony of Padua]] (represented by [[Fontes Pereira de Melo]]) with the "kid" ([[Luís I of Portugal|D. Luís I]]) in his lap, having by his side the commander of the [[National Republican Guard (Portugal)|National Republican Guard]], with a [[whip]] in his hand, there to prevent an eventual resistance. |
|||
In the next editions of the newspaper, the Zé Povinho [[caricature]] continued to appear with the character with his mouth open and not intervening, resigned when faced with the corruption and injustice, kneeled by the tax load and unaware of the big issues of the country. |
|||
The first appearance of ''Zé Povinho'' was in 22 May 1875, in ''A Lanterna Mágica'' magazine, although that appearance did not attribute him with a name. He was named in the 6 December 1875 issue of the same magazine. Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro kept drawing this character throughout his lifetime (nearly another 30 years); the drawings were published in many of the more popular magazines and newspapers such as ''O António Maria'', ''A Paródia'', ''O Commércio do Porto Illustrado'' and ''Pontos nos iis''. |
|||
He took a tridimensional form, becoming popular in the [[ceramic]] form made by the Faianças Factory in Caldas da Rainha, starting in the last quarter of the [[19th century|19th Century]]. |
|||
Povinho is a well-regarded, kindly man who lives simply, and is regularly depicted as mocking the powerful. He is not a figure of authority but rather a simple man of the people, acting as a tool of criticism against the powerful, the political and elitist fringes of the society, injustice and tyranny. |
|||
A prominent figure of the Bordalo Pinheiro caricature,<ref>In the 10 thousand pages of caricatures and scenes, made between 1870 and the beginning of 1905, Zé Povinho is portrayed in around 300 different drawings, in different poses. D'ANUNCIAÇÃO, Pedro. "Um Zé Povinho Apalermado e Subserviente". in: 100 Anos de Bordalices. Suplemento da ''Gazeta das Caldas'', March 24, 2006. p. 18.</ref> it became an identifying figure of the Portuguese people, critiquing in a humoristic way the main social, political and economical problems of the country during its history, caricaturing the Portuguese people in their characteristic eternal revolt before the abandonment and forgetfulness of the political class, even though they do little to nothing to change the situation. |
|||
''Zé Povinho'' became, and still is, a popular character in Portugal. Being drawn as a country laborer led to some aversion and denial from the Portuguese people to be represented as such. Yet his kindness, his will to help others and, most of all, his utter contempt and disrespect for the powerful ones that try to dominate him, made him popular. He ridicules the powerful, laughs at them, and then carries on with his simple life but has the same attitude towards the people's own weaknesses and prejudices. |
|||
The character was cited by E. F. Piloni in messages to J.M.D. Marçal Jr., when comparing him to a dramatic hotshot that, now it's worth something, then it loses its value. Affectionately coined by the author of the joke, leaving a certain look of confusion when saying that it he was a common, simple man; Zé. A popular expression that means simple people, an individual from the people. It's used to identify a socially disqualified person. Zé, is a popular way to express the people's man.{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}} |
|||
== Characteristics == |
|||
Bordalo Pinheiro himself defined the character: "''Zé Povinho looks to a side then to another and... he stays like always... the same''". |
|||
Although, despite being relatively simple, he's a figure full of contradiction:<blockquote>"''But if he is patient, gullible, submissive, humble, tame, apathetic, indifferent, abulic, skeptic, suspicious, disbeliever and lonely, he doesn't stop showing up, in a constant contradiction with himself, simultaneously capable of appearing in disbelief, revolted, grumpy, insolent, furious, sensitive, compassionate, skittish, active, supportive, outgoing...''".<ref>Medina, João. "O Zé Povinho, caricatura do «Homo Lusitanus»" in ''Estudos em Homenagem a Jorge Borges de Macedo''. Lisboa: INIC, 1992.</ref></blockquote>The character has as its main characteristic the middle finger gesture, representing his revolt and insolence facet. |
|||
== Gallery == |
|||
<gallery> |
|||
File:Lanterna Mágica - Zé Povinho.jpg|First apparition of ''Zé Povinho'' in ''A Lanterna Mágica'' magazine, 12 June 1875 |
|||
File:Ze povinho lanterna magica 1875.jpg|''Zé Povinho'' in ''A Lanterna Mágica'', 1875 |
|||
File:O Zé Povinho - Depois das eleições, à vontade do seu dono, O Antonio Maria, 1880.jpg|''Zé Povinho'' in the ''O António Maria'' magazine, 1880 |
|||
File:Zé Povinho, Álbum das Glórias (cropped).png|Colour drawing of ''Zé Povinho'', 1882 |
|||
File:Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro at Aeroporto metro station (8176850811).jpg|''Zé Povinho'' and his creator caricatured in the Airport Station of the [[Lisbon Metro]], 2012 |
|||
</gallery> |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
*''Estudos em Homenagem a Jorge Borges de Macedo'', Lisbon, INIC, 1992 |
*''Estudos em Homenagem a Jorge Borges de Macedo'', Lisbon, INIC, 1992 |
||
==External links== |
|||
{{commons category-inline}} |
|||
{{National personifications}} |
{{National personifications}} |
||
| Line 18: | Line 40: | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ze Povinho}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ze Povinho}} |
||
[[Category:National personifications]] |
[[Category:National personifications]] |
||
[[Category:Portuguese folklore]] |
[[Category:Portuguese folklore|Povinho, Ze]] |
||
[[Category:Portuguese comics]] |
[[Category:Portuguese comics|Povinho, Ze]] |
||
[[Category:National symbols of Portugal]] |
[[Category:National symbols of Portugal]] |
||
[[Category:Portugal in fiction]] |
[[Category:Portugal in fiction]] |
||
[[Category:Fictional |
[[Category:Fictional Portuguese people|Povinho, Ze]] |
||
[[Category:Comics characters introduced in 1875|Povinho, Ze]] |
|||
[[Category:1875 establishments in Portugal]] |
[[Category:1875 establishments in Portugal]] |
||
[[Category:Comics before 1900]] |
|||
{{Portugal-stub}} |
{{Portugal-stub}} |
||
{{ |
{{Europe-culture-stub}} |
||
Revision as of 22:40, 5 August 2024
Zé Povinho is the cartoon character of a Portuguese everyman[1] created by Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro. After an extended break (due to the creator traveling to Rio de Janeiro, Zé Povinho returned to the printed page in the O António Maria newspaper, and appeared in 2 more newspapers before the last drawing by the original creator in November 1904.[2] Zé Povinho became first a symbol of the Portuguese working-class people, and eventually into the unofficial personification of Portugal.[3] The character is often used to criticize politics and political figures.[4]
History
It made its first appearance in the 5th edition of the A Lanterna Mágica newspaper, in June 12, 1875, in a caricature called titled "Portugueze Calendar", alluding to taxes, where the Minister of Finance, Serpa Pimentel, appears withdrawing a three-cent alms from Zé Povinho for Anthony of Padua (represented by Fontes Pereira de Melo) with the "kid" (D. Luís I) in his lap, having by his side the commander of the National Republican Guard, with a whip in his hand, there to prevent an eventual resistance.
In the next editions of the newspaper, the Zé Povinho caricature continued to appear with the character with his mouth open and not intervening, resigned when faced with the corruption and injustice, kneeled by the tax load and unaware of the big issues of the country.
He took a tridimensional form, becoming popular in the ceramic form made by the Faianças Factory in Caldas da Rainha, starting in the last quarter of the 19th Century.
A prominent figure of the Bordalo Pinheiro caricature,[5] it became an identifying figure of the Portuguese people, critiquing in a humoristic way the main social, political and economical problems of the country during its history, caricaturing the Portuguese people in their characteristic eternal revolt before the abandonment and forgetfulness of the political class, even though they do little to nothing to change the situation.
The character was cited by E. F. Piloni in messages to J.M.D. Marçal Jr., when comparing him to a dramatic hotshot that, now it's worth something, then it loses its value. Affectionately coined by the author of the joke, leaving a certain look of confusion when saying that it he was a common, simple man; Zé. A popular expression that means simple people, an individual from the people. It's used to identify a socially disqualified person. Zé, is a popular way to express the people's man.[citation needed]
Characteristics
Bordalo Pinheiro himself defined the character: "Zé Povinho looks to a side then to another and... he stays like always... the same".
Although, despite being relatively simple, he's a figure full of contradiction:
"But if he is patient, gullible, submissive, humble, tame, apathetic, indifferent, abulic, skeptic, suspicious, disbeliever and lonely, he doesn't stop showing up, in a constant contradiction with himself, simultaneously capable of appearing in disbelief, revolted, grumpy, insolent, furious, sensitive, compassionate, skittish, active, supportive, outgoing...".[6]
The character has as its main characteristic the middle finger gesture, representing his revolt and insolence facet.
Gallery
-
First apparition of Zé Povinho in A Lanterna Mágica magazine, 12 June 1875 -
Zé Povinho in A Lanterna Mágica, 1875 -
Zé Povinho in the O António Maria magazine, 1880 -
Colour drawing of Zé Povinho, 1882 -
Zé Povinho and his creator caricatured in the Airport Station of the Lisbon Metro, 2012
.png)
.jpg)
References
- ^ https://www.compulsivecontents.com/detail-event/ze-povinho-portugaland39s-everyman/
- ^ https://museubordalopinheiro.pt/o-ze-povinho-sempre-o-mesmo/
- ^ "O "Zé Povinho" de Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro". Ensina RTP. 2011. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/o-ze-povinho-de-rafael-bordalo-pinheiro/
- ^ In the 10 thousand pages of caricatures and scenes, made between 1870 and the beginning of 1905, Zé Povinho is portrayed in around 300 different drawings, in different poses. D'ANUNCIAÇÃO, Pedro. "Um Zé Povinho Apalermado e Subserviente". in: 100 Anos de Bordalices. Suplemento da Gazeta das Caldas, March 24, 2006. p. 18.
- ^ Medina, João. "O Zé Povinho, caricatura do «Homo Lusitanus»" in Estudos em Homenagem a Jorge Borges de Macedo. Lisboa: INIC, 1992.
- Estudos em Homenagem a Jorge Borges de Macedo, Lisbon, INIC, 1992
External links
Media related to Zé Povinho at Wikimedia Commons
 | This Portugal-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |