Primary sector of the economy: Difference between revisions
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The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in [[developing countries]] than it does in [[developed countries]]. For example, in 2018, agriculture, forestry, and fishing comprised more than 15% of GDP in [[sub-Saharan Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web| title = Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) {{!}} Sub-Saharan Africa| work = World Bank Open Data| access-date = 2019-07-14| date = 2018| url = https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZG}}</ref> but less than 1% of GDP in [[North America]].<ref>{{Cite web| title = Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) {{!}} North America| work = World Bank Open Data| access-date = 2019-07-14| date = 2018| url = https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS?locations=XU}}</ref> |
The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in [[developing countries]] than it does in [[developed countries]]. For example, in 2018, agriculture, forestry, and fishing comprised more than 15% of GDP in [[sub-Saharan Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web| title = Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) {{!}} Sub-Saharan Africa| work = World Bank Open Data| access-date = 2019-07-14| date = 2018| url = https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZG}}</ref> but less than 1% of GDP in [[North America]].<ref>{{Cite web| title = Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) {{!}} North America| work = World Bank Open Data| access-date = 2019-07-14| date = 2018| url = https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS?locations=XU}}</ref> |
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In developed countries the primary sector has become more technologically advanced, enabling for example the mechanization of farming, as compared with lower-tech{{Efn|Often using non-powered equipment, sometimes even hand-picking and hand-planting}} in poorer countries.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS/countries/1W-US-C5?display=graph|title= Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) - Data|website= data.worldbank.org}}</ref> More developed economies may invest additional capital in primary means of production: for example, in the United States [[corn belt]], [[combine harvester]]s pick the corn, and sprayers spray large amounts of [[insecticide]]s, [[herbicide]]s and [[fungicide]]s, producing a higher yield than is possible using less capital-intensive techniques. These technological advances and investment allow the primary sector to employ a smaller workforce, so developed countries tend to have a smaller percentage of their workforce involved in primary activities, instead having a higher percentage involved in the [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary]] and [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary]] sectors.<ref>H Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (March 1973)</ref> |
In developed countries the primary sector has become more technologically advanced, enabling for example the mechanization of farming, as compared with lower-tech methods{{Efn|Often using non-powered equipment, sometimes even hand-picking and hand-planting}} in poorer countries.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS/countries/1W-US-C5?display=graph|title= Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) - Data|website= data.worldbank.org}}</ref> More developed economies may invest additional capital in primary means of production: for example, in the United States [[corn belt]], [[combine harvester]]s pick the corn, and sprayers spray large amounts of [[insecticide]]s, [[herbicide]]s and [[fungicide]]s, producing a higher yield than is possible using less capital-intensive techniques. These technological advances and investment allow the primary sector to employ a smaller workforce, so developed countries tend to have a smaller percentage of their workforce involved in primary activities, instead having a higher percentage involved in the [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary]] and [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary]] sectors.<ref>H Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (March 1973)</ref> |
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==List of countries by agricultural output== |
==List of countries by agricultural output== |
Revision as of 11:41, 28 June 2022
Economic sectors |
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Three-sector model |
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Additional sectors |
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Theorists |
Sectors by ownership |
The primary sector of the economy includes any industry involved in the extraction and production of raw materials, such as farming, logging, fishing, forestry and mining.[1][2][3]
The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in developing countries than it does in developed countries. For example, in 2018, agriculture, forestry, and fishing comprised more than 15% of GDP in sub-Saharan Africa[4] but less than 1% of GDP in North America.[5]
In developed countries the primary sector has become more technologically advanced, enabling for example the mechanization of farming, as compared with lower-tech methods[a] in poorer countries.[6] More developed economies may invest additional capital in primary means of production: for example, in the United States corn belt, combine harvesters pick the corn, and sprayers spray large amounts of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, producing a higher yield than is possible using less capital-intensive techniques. These technological advances and investment allow the primary sector to employ a smaller workforce, so developed countries tend to have a smaller percentage of their workforce involved in primary activities, instead having a higher percentage involved in the secondary and tertiary sectors.[7]
List of countries by agricultural output
Economy | Countries by agricultural output (in PPP terms) at peak level as of 2018 (billions in USD)
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(01) China | |||||||||
(02) India | |||||||||
(03) Indonesia | |||||||||
(—) European Union | |||||||||
(04) Pakistan | |||||||||
(05) Nigeria | |||||||||
(06) Brazil | |||||||||
(07) Russia | |||||||||
(08) United States | |||||||||
(09) Iran | |||||||||
(10) Turkey | |||||||||
(11) Egypt | |||||||||
(12) Thailand | |||||||||
(13) Vietnam | |||||||||
(14) Bangladesh | |||||||||
(15) Argentina | |||||||||
(16) Mexico | |||||||||
(17) Philippines | |||||||||
(18) Myanmar | |||||||||
(19) Algeria | |||||||||
(20) Malaysia | |||||||||
The twenty largest countries by agricultural output (in PPP terms) at peak level as of 2018, according to the IMF and CIA World Factbook. |
See also
References
- ^ Chand, S. N. (2006). Dictionary of economics. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 268. ISBN 81-269-0535-2. OCLC 297507928.
- ^ "primary producer". CollinsDictionary.com. HarperCollins. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
- ^ Kjeldsen-Kragh, Søren (2007). The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development: The Lessons of History. Copenhagen Business School Press DK. p. 73. ISBN 978-87-630-0194-6.
- ^ "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | Sub-Saharan Africa". World Bank Open Data. 2018. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
- ^ "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | North America". World Bank Open Data. 2018. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
- ^ "Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) - Data". data.worldbank.org.
- ^ H Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (March 1973)
- ^ Often using non-powered equipment, sometimes even hand-picking and hand-planting
Further reading
- Dwight H. Perkins: Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, China's Developmental Experience (Mar., 1973)
- Cameron: General Economic and Social History
- Historia Económica y Social General, by Maria Inés Barbero, Rubén L. Berenblum, Fernando R. García Molina, Jorge Saborido
External links
- Media related to Primary sector of the economy at Wikimedia Commons
- Economy101.net: The Nature of Wealth