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|flag_s1 = Flag of Syria French mandate.svg
|flag_s1 = Flag of Syria French mandate.svg
|image_flag = Flag of the State of Damascus.svg
|image_flag = Flag of the State of Damascus.svg
|image_map = French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon map en.svg
|image_map = Mandate of Syria.png
|image_map_caption = Location of the State of Damascus (yellow)<br/>within the [[French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon|Mandate for Syria]].
|image_map_caption = Location of the State of Damascus (dark pink)<br/>within the [[French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon|Mandate for Syria]].
|capital = Damascus
|capital = Damascus
|common_languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]]<br/>[[French language|French]]
|common_languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]]<br/>[[French language|French]]

Revision as of 20:23, 27 January 2013

State of Damascus
دولة دمشق
État de Damas
1920–1924
Flag of Damascus
Flag
Location of the State of Damascus (dark pink) within the Mandate for Syria.
Location of the State of Damascus (dark pink)
within the Mandate for Syria.
StatusMandate of France
CapitalDamascus
Common languagesArabic
French
Historical eraInterwar period
• Mandate granted
3 September 1920
• Federation established
22 June 1922
• Unification of Aleppo and Damascus
1 December 1924
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of Syria
State of Syria (1924–1930)

The State of Damascus (1920–1924; French: État de Damas; Arabic: دولة دمشق Dawlat Dimashq ) was one of the six states established by the French General Henri Gouraud in the French Mandate of Syria which followed the San Remo conference and the defeat of King Faisal's short-lived monarchy in Syria.

The other states were the State of Aleppo (1920), the State of Alawites (1920), the State of Jabal Druze (1921), and The Sanjak of Alexandretta (1921). The State of Greater Lebanon (1920) became later the modern country of Lebanon.

Establishment

The State of Damascus was declared by the French General Henri Gouraud on 3 September 1920,[1] with Damascus as its capital. The first president of the new state was Haqqi Al-Azm. The state of Damascus included Damascus and its surrounding region, in addition to the cities of Homs, Hama and the Orontes river valley.

The new Damascus state lost four Qada's (sub-districts) that had been part of the Vilayet (district) of Damascus during Ottoman times to the mainly Christian Mount Lebanon to create the new State of Greater Lebanon. The territory separated from Damascus corresponds today to the Biqa' valley plus south Lebanon. Damascus, and later Syria, continuously protested the separation of these lands and kept demanding them back throughout the mandate period. The population of these regions, which was mainly Muslim, also protested the separation from Damascus.

Syrian Federation and the State of Syria

In 22 June 1922, general Gouraud announced the Syrian Federation (la Fédération Syrienne) which included the states of Damascus, Aleppo, and the Alawite state. In 1924, the Alawite State was separated again. The Syrian Federation became the State of Syria in 1 December 1924.

See also

References