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[[Category:Vietnam]]
[[Category:Vietnam]]

Revision as of 17:01, 13 April 2020

Sex trafficking in Vietnam is human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation and slavery that occurs in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Vietnam is a source and, to a lesser extent, destination country for sexually trafficked persons.[1]

Sex trafficking victims in the country are from all ethnic groups in Vietnam and foreigners. Vietnamese citizens, primarily women and girls, have been sex trafficked into other countries in Asia and different continents.[2] [3] They are forced into prostitution, marriages, and or pregnancies.[4][5] Victims are threatened[5][6][7][8] and physically and psychologically harmed.[9] They contract sexually transmitted diseases from rapes, and abuse[10][11][12] and malnutrition are common. Some women and girls are tortured and or murdered.

Sex trafficking and exploitation have pervaded all levels of Vietnamese society. Male and female perpetrators in Vietnam come from a wide range of backgrounds and a number are members of or facilitated by organized crime syndicates and gangs.[4][5] [13][5] [13] Some government officials, troops, and police, as well as foreigners, have been complicit in sex trafficking in Vietnam.

The extent of sex trafficking in Vietnam is unknown because of the lack of data, the underground nature of sex trafficking crimes, inadequate victim identification procedures, and other elements. [14] The enforcement of sex trafficking laws and investigating and prosecuting of cases have been hindered by corruption, apathy, border management problems, lack of cooperation among sectors, ignorance of anti-trafficking law, and more.[15][16] Globalization and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations’(ASEAN) shift towards a formal community with freer movement of trade and capital may lead to an increase sex trafficking.[17][18]

Victims

Vietnamese women and girls are sex trafficked into and out of all provinces of Vietnam.

Vietnamese women and girls are sex trafficked into China, Cambodia,[19] Malaysia,[20][21] the Philippines, Taiwan,[22], South Korea[23] and other nations. They are forced into prostitution or marriages, as well as unfree labour in homes and on farms.[4][5] A number of women are raped so they become pregnant and are forced to be surrogates.[4] Some women and girls have been trafficked to groups of men, who are poor and pool their money together to buy one wife.[24] Forced prostitutes are raped in brothels, massage parlors, karaoke bars, and other establishments.[25] They are kept under strict surveliance and it is not uncommon for them to be guarded and or tied or locked up.[26] A number of victims are drugged.[27][28]

Minorities and people in poverty with little education and awareness of trafficking, as well as children,[29] are vulnerable to sex traffikcing.[4][10][5][30][31]

Victims face social stigma after escaping or being rescued. Some are reluctant to report traffickers to the local authorities because they fear reprisal from the criminals.[32]

Perpetrators

The perpetrators are often members of or collude with organized criminal groups.[4][5] Some perpetrators are government officials, military officers or enlisted men, or police. Loan sharks have been involved in sex trafficking as well and take advantage of debt bondage to control their victims.[32] The traffickers are sometimes the victims' family members or friends. Perpetrators are motivated by monetary incentives.[33] A number of perpetrators are coerced victims of trafficking themselves.[34]

Some sex traffickers pose as police officers to gain victims' trust.[35][36] Traffickers use chat sites and social networks such as Facebook and Zalo, a popular Vietnamese messaging app.[37][38] Traffickers threaten victims' families to ensure submission.

Government response problems

The government had inadequate re-integration services, therapeutic support, legal and financial assistance, and education for victims. Limited protections are available for women and girls returned to their homes.[32]

Non-governmental organizations

Blue Dragon Children's Foundation rescues and restores sex trafficked victims in the country.[39][40] It is supported by the United Nations Trust Fund for Victims of Human Trafficking.[41]

Pacific Links Foundation is an organization working to end sex trafficking in Vietnam through education and economic empowerment.[42]

References

  1. ^ "VIET NAM - UN ACT". UN-ACT.
  2. ^ "Vietnamese Women Fall Prey to Sex Racket". Radio Free Asia. March 8, 2013.
  3. ^ "Precarious journeys of Vietnamese children trafficked to Europe". Anti-slavery International. March 7, 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Women, children and babies: human trafficking to China is on the rise". Asia News. July 11, 2019.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "Vietnam's Human Trafficking Problem Is Too Big to Ignore". The Diplomat. November 8, 2019.
  6. ^ "Raped, beaten and sold in China: Vietnam's kidnapped young brides". Channel News Asia. August 3, 2019.
  7. ^ "Vietnamese teen's escape from the China trafficking trade that sold her mother". ABC News. September 18, 2018.
  8. ^ "Sex trafficking ring busted, Vietnamese women rescued". Focus Taiwan. November 18, 2019.
  9. ^ "Sold, raped, enslaved: Human trafficking victims shared stories in 2019". VnExpress. December 24, 2019.
  10. ^ a b "Vietnam's "modern sex slaves" sold in China as prostitutes or brides". Asia News. February 3, 2015.
  11. ^ "Vietnamese Trafficking Victim Reveals Heartbreaking Ordeal". VOA News. September 24, 2015.
  12. ^ "Vietnamese Women Fall Prey to Sex Racket". Radio Free Asia. March 8, 2013.
  13. ^ a b "Dangerous journeys: tackling Vietnamese trafficking". Anti-slavery International. September 5, 2018.
  14. ^ "Human trafficking remains a headache in Vietnam and Southeast Asia". Hanoi Times. June 22, 2018.
  15. ^ "Human trafficking on rise in Vietnam, says government". Anadolu Agency. July 1, 2017.
  16. ^ "Human trafficking remains a headache in Vietnam and Southeast Asia". Hanoi Times. June 22, 2018.
  17. ^ "Trafficking of Vietnamese women for sex and marriage expands across region: expert". Reuters. May 18, 2016.
  18. ^ "Trafficking of Vietnamese women for sex and marriage expands across region - expert". Thomson Reuters Foundation News. May 18, 2016.
  19. ^ "Trafficking of Vietnamese women for sex and marriage expands across region: expert". Reuters. May 18, 2016.
  20. ^ "Sex trafficking in Vietnam". Doy News.
  21. ^ "136 Vietnamese women rescued from forced prostitution in Kuala Lumpur". Thanhnien News. January 4, 2015.
  22. ^ "Sex trafficking ring busted, Vietnamese women rescued". Focus Taiwan. November 18, 2019.
  23. ^ "6 arrested, including 2 foreigners, for selling 147 Vietnamese women to S.Korea, China". Thanhnien News. October 26, 2014.
  24. ^ "Pacific Links Foundation: The Battle Against Human Trafficking". Vietcetera. August 7, 2017.
  25. ^ "China is main destination for Vietnamese trafficking victims: official". VnExpress. August 24, 2018.
  26. ^ "Vietnamese Trafficking Victim Reveals Heartbreaking Ordeal". VOA News. September 24, 2015.
  27. ^ "Vietnamese woman trafficked to China returns home after 22 years". VnExpress. July 4, 2019.
  28. ^ "Sold, raped, enslaved: Human trafficking victims shared stories in 2019". VnExpress. December 24, 2019.
  29. ^ "Vietnamese girls smuggled into China and sold as child brides". CNN. April 19, 2016.
  30. ^ "China is main destination for Vietnamese trafficking victims: official". VnExpress. August 24, 2018.
  31. ^ "4 arrested for forcing women into sex ring in northern Vietnam". Thanhnien News. May 25, 2016.
  32. ^ a b c "Vietnam's Human Trafficking Problem Is Too Big to Ignore". The Diplomat. November 8, 2019.
  33. ^ "Pacific Links Foundation: The Battle Against Human Trafficking". Vietcetera. August 7, 2017.
  34. ^ "China is main destination for Vietnamese trafficking victims: official". VnExpress. August 24, 2018.
  35. ^ "80 percent of Vietnamese human trafficking victims end up in China". VnExpress International. August 1, 2019.
  36. ^ "China is main destination for Vietnamese trafficking victims: official". VnExpress. August 24, 2018.
  37. ^ "China is main destination for Vietnamese trafficking victims: official". VnExpress. August 24, 2018.
  38. ^ "Vietnam wakes up to its human trafficking problem". The New Humanitarian. September 2, 2016.
  39. ^ "Sold, raped, enslaved: Human trafficking victims shared stories in 2019". VnExpress. December 24, 2019.
  40. ^ "Vietnam wakes up to its human trafficking problem". The New Humanitarian. September 2, 2016.
  41. ^ "Our Funded Projects Around the World". United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  42. ^ "Pacific Links Foundation: The Battle Against Human Trafficking". Vietcetera. August 7, 2017.
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