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This is a '''list of notable mosques in China'''. A [[mosque]] is a place of worship for followers of the religion of [[Islam]]. The first mosque in China was the [[Great Mosque of Xi'an]], built during the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] in the 8th century CE. Today there are over 39,000 mosques in China,<ref>{{cite web|language=zh |url=http://dzb.rmzxb.com/detail.aspx?id=352820 |title=Strengthen and promote the standardization of mosque management |publisher=[[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|CPPCC]] News |date=2014-12-18 |accessdate=2015-02-22 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222163343/http://dzb.rmzxb.com/detail.aspx?id=352820 |archivedate=2015-02-22 }}</ref> 25,000 of these are in [[Xinjiang]], a north-west [[Autonomous regions of China|autonomous region]].<ref>{{cite web|language =zh|url=http://zqb.cyol.com/content/2009-07/17/content_2761116.htm|title=The amount of mosques in Xinjiang is increasing to near 25,000|publisher=Chinese Youth Daily|date=2009-07-17|accessdate=2015-02-22 }}</ref>
This is a '''list of notable mosques in China'''. A [[mosque]] is a place of worship for followers of the religion of [[Islam]]. The first mosque in China was the [[Great Mosque of Xi'an]], built during the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] in the 8th century CE. Today there are over 39,000 mosques in China,<ref>{{cite web|language=zh |url=http://dzb.rmzxb.com/detail.aspx?id=352820 |title=Strengthen and promote the standardization of mosque management |publisher=[[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|CPPCC]] News |date=2014-12-18 |accessdate=2015-02-22 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222163343/http://dzb.rmzxb.com/detail.aspx?id=352820 |archivedate=2015-02-22 }}</ref> 25,000 of these are in [[Xinjiang]], a north-west [[Autonomous regions of China|autonomous region]].<ref>{{cite web|language =zh|url=http://zqb.cyol.com/content/2009-07/17/content_2761116.htm|title=The amount of mosques in Xinjiang is increasing to near 25,000|publisher=Chinese Youth Daily|date=2009-07-17|accessdate=2015-02-22 }}</ref>


In China, mosques are called ''qīngzhēnsì'' ({{lang|zh|清真寺}}, "Pure truth temple"), a name which was also used by [[History of the Jews in China|Chinese Jews]] for [[synagogue]]s. Other names include ''huíhui táng'' ({{lang|zh|回回堂}}, "[[Hui people]]'s hall"), ''huíhui sì'' ({{lang|zh|回回寺}}, "Hui people's temple"), ''lǐbàisì'' ({{lang|zh|礼拜寺}}, "Temple of worship"), ''zhēnjiào sì'' ({{lang|zh|真教寺}}, "True teaching temple") or ''qīngjìng sì'' ({{lang|zh|清净寺}}, "Pure and clean temple").<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=XULERYYEJo0C&pg=PA29&dq=huihui+tang+mosque#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Islam in China|author=Shoujiang Mi, Jia You|year=2004|publisher=五洲传播出版社|location=|page=29|isbn=7-5085-0533-6|accessdate=2011-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6wEMAAAAYAAJ&q=mohammedan#v=onepage&q=mohammedan%20temple%20arabic&f=false|title=The Chinese repository, Volume 13|author=|year=1844|edition=|editor=|publisher=Printed for the proprietors|location=|page=31|isbn=|accessdate=2011-05-08}}</ref>
In China, mosques are called ''Qīng Zhēn Sì'' ({{lang|zh|清真寺}}, "Pure truth temple"), a name which was also used by [[History of the Jews in China|Chinese Jews]] for [[synagogue]]s. Other names include ''Huí Huí Táng'' ({{lang|zh|回回堂}}, "[[Hui people]]'s hall"), ''Huí Huí Sì'' ({{lang|zh|回回寺}}, "Hui people's temple"), ''Lǐ Bài Sì'' ({{lang|zh|礼拜寺}}, "Temple of worship"), ''Zhēn Jiào Sì'' ({{lang|zh|真教寺}}, "True teaching temple") or ''Qīng Jìng Sì'' ({{lang|zh|清净寺}}, "Pure and clean temple").<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=XULERYYEJo0C&pg=PA29&dq=huihui+tang+mosque#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Islam in China|author=Shoujiang Mi, Jia You|year=2004|publisher=五洲传播出版社|location=|page=29|isbn=7-5085-0533-6|accessdate=2011-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6wEMAAAAYAAJ&q=mohammedan#v=onepage&q=mohammedan%20temple%20arabic&f=false|title=The Chinese repository, Volume 13|author=|year=1844|edition=|editor=|publisher=Printed for the proprietors|location=|page=31|isbn=|accessdate=2011-05-08}}</ref>


During the [[Qing Dynasty]], at the Mosque entrance of Hui Mosques, a tablet was placed upon which "''Huángdì wànsuì, wànsuì, wànwànsuì''" ({{lang|zh|皇帝萬歲，萬歲，萬萬歲}}) was inscribed, which means, "The Emperor, may he live forever". Wansui means [[Ten thousand years]], which means forever in Chinese.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_ObcNAAAAIAAJ/page/n269 <!-- pg=290 --> Broomhall 1910], p. 290.</ref> Westerners traveling in China noted the presence of these tablets at mosques in [[Yunnan]] and [[Ningbo]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=xX8jAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA33&dq=happening+to+see+in+the+mosque,+threshold+as+you+enter+a+tablet+temple+inscription+the+emperor+may+he+live+for+ever+the+emperor+the+everliving#v=onepage&q=happening%20to%20see%20in%20the%20mosque%20threshold%20as%20you%20enter%20a%20tablet%20temple%20inscription%20the%20emperor%20may%20he%20live%20for%20ever%20the%20emperor%20the%20everliving&f=false|title=The Chinese repository, Volumes 11-15|author=|year=1842|publisher=Printed for the proprietors.|location=|page=33|isbn=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hUEswLE4SWUC&dq=ma+anliang&q=wooden+tablet#v=onepage&q=mosques%20tablets%20wishing%20the%20emperor%20long%20life%20prominent%20position%20entrance%20mosque&f=false|title=China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement and sects|author=Michael Dillon|year=1999|publisher=Curzon Press|location=Richmond|page=77|isbn=0-7007-1026-4|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hagras|first=Hamada|date=2017|title=AN ANCIENT MOSQUE IN NINGBO, CHINA "HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL STUDY|url=http://103.17.76.13/index.php/JIA/article/view/3851/pdf|journal=Journal of Islamic Architecture|volume=4|issue=3|pages=102–113|via=|doi=10.18860/jia.v4i3.3851|doi-access=free}}</ref>
During the [[Qing Dynasty]], at the Mosque entrance of Hui Mosques, a tablet was placed upon which "''Huáng Dì Wàn Suì, Wàn Suì, Wàn Wàn Suì''" ({{lang|zh|皇帝萬歲，萬歲，萬萬歲}}) was inscribed, which means, "The Emperor, may he live forever". Wansui means [[Ten thousand years]], which means forever in Chinese.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_ObcNAAAAIAAJ/page/n269 <!-- pg=290 --> Broomhall 1910], p. 290.</ref> Westerners traveling in China noted the presence of these tablets at mosques in [[Yunnan]] and [[Ningbo]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=xX8jAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA33&dq=happening+to+see+in+the+mosque,+threshold+as+you+enter+a+tablet+temple+inscription+the+emperor+may+he+live+for+ever+the+emperor+the+everliving#v=onepage&q=happening%20to%20see%20in%20the%20mosque%20threshold%20as%20you%20enter%20a%20tablet%20temple%20inscription%20the%20emperor%20may%20he%20live%20for%20ever%20the%20emperor%20the%20everliving&f=false|title=The Chinese repository, Volumes 11-15|author=|year=1842|publisher=Printed for the proprietors.|location=|page=33|isbn=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hUEswLE4SWUC&dq=ma+anliang&q=wooden+tablet#v=onepage&q=mosques%20tablets%20wishing%20the%20emperor%20long%20life%20prominent%20position%20entrance%20mosque&f=false|title=China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement and sects|author=Michael Dillon|year=1999|publisher=Curzon Press|location=Richmond|page=77|isbn=0-7007-1026-4|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hagras|first=Hamada|date=2017|title=AN ANCIENT MOSQUE IN NINGBO, CHINA "HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL STUDY|url=http://103.17.76.13/index.php/JIA/article/view/3851/pdf|journal=Journal of Islamic Architecture|volume=4|issue=3|pages=102–113|via=|doi=10.18860/jia.v4i3.3851|doi-access=free}}</ref>


Most mosques have certain aspects in common with each other however as with other regions Chinese Islamic architecture reflects the local architecture in its style. China is renowned for its beautiful mosques, which resemble temples. However, in western China the mosques resemble those of Iran and Central Asia, with tall, slender minarets, curvy arches and dome shaped roofs, as well as the unique multi-layered portals. In northwest China where the Chinese [[Hui people|Hui]] have built their mosques, there is a combination of eastern and western styles. The mosques have flared Buddhist style roofs set in walled courtyards entered through archways with miniature domes and [[minaret]]s.<ref>Saudi Aramco World, July/August 1985 , page 3035</ref>
Most mosques have certain aspects in common with each other however as with other regions Chinese Islamic architecture reflects the local architecture in its style. China is renowned for its beautiful mosques, which resemble temples. However, in western China the mosques resemble those of Iran and Central Asia, with tall, slender minarets, curvy arches and dome shaped roofs, as well as the unique multi-layered portals. In northwest China where the Chinese [[Hui people|Hui]] have built their mosques, there is a combination of eastern and western styles. The mosques have flared Buddhist style roofs set in walled courtyards entered through archways with miniature domes and [[minaret]]s.<ref>Saudi Aramco World, July/August 1985 , page 3035</ref>

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This is a list of notable mosques in China. A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the religion of Islam. The first mosque in China was the Great Mosque of Xi'an, built during the Tang Dynasty in the 8th century CE. Today there are over 39,000 mosques in China,[1] 25,000 of these are in Xinjiang, a north-west autonomous region.[2]

In China, mosques are called Qīng Zhēn Sì (清真寺, "Pure truth temple"), a name which was also used by Chinese Jews for synagogues. Other names include Huí Huí Táng (回回堂, "Hui people's hall"), Huí Huí Sì (回回寺, "Hui people's temple"), Lǐ Bài Sì (礼拜寺, "Temple of worship"), Zhēn Jiào Sì (真教寺, "True teaching temple") or Qīng Jìng Sì (清净寺, "Pure and clean temple").[3][4]

During the Qing Dynasty, at the Mosque entrance of Hui Mosques, a tablet was placed upon which "Huáng Dì Wàn Suì, Wàn Suì, Wàn Wàn Suì" (皇帝萬歲，萬歲，萬萬歲) was inscribed, which means, "The Emperor, may he live forever". Wansui means Ten thousand years, which means forever in Chinese.[5] Westerners traveling in China noted the presence of these tablets at mosques in Yunnan and Ningbo.[6][7][8]

Most mosques have certain aspects in common with each other however as with other regions Chinese Islamic architecture reflects the local architecture in its style. China is renowned for its beautiful mosques, which resemble temples. However, in western China the mosques resemble those of Iran and Central Asia, with tall, slender minarets, curvy arches and dome shaped roofs, as well as the unique multi-layered portals. In northwest China where the Chinese Hui have built their mosques, there is a combination of eastern and western styles. The mosques have flared Buddhist style roofs set in walled courtyards entered through archways with miniature domes and minarets.[9]

The style of architecture of Hui Mosques varies according to their sect. The traditionalist Gedimu Hanafi Sunnis, influenced by Chinese culture, build Mosques which look like Chinese temples. The reformist modernist (but originally Wahhabi inspired) Yihewani build their Mosques to look like Middle Eastern Arab style Mosques.

List of mosques

Name Images City or District Province or Municipality Year Remarks
Niujie Mosque Xicheng Beijing 996 [10]
Qingjing Mosque Quanzhou Fujian
Dunhuang Mosque Dunhuang Gansu
Huasi Mosque Linxia Gansu
Huaisheng Mosque Guangzhou Guangdong 627 [11]
Nanning Mosque Nanning Guangxi
Daowai Mosque Harbin
Bukui Mosque Heilongjiang 1684
List of mosques in Hong Kong Hong Kong
Great Mosque of Hohhot Hohhot Inner Mongolia
Macau Mosque Our Lady of Fatima Parish Macau
Tongxin Great Mosque Tongxin Ningxia ca.1400
Dongguan Mosque Xining Qinghai 1380 [12]
Jiezi mosque[13] Xunhua Salar Qinghai
Great Mosque of Xi'an Xi'an Shaanxi 742 [14]
Jinan Great Southern Mosque Jinan Shandong
Fuyou Road Mosque Huangpu Shanghai
Xiaotaoyuan Mosque Huangpu Shanghai
Lhasa Great Mosque Lhasa Tibet
Afaq Khoja Mausoleum Haohan Xinjiang
Khotan Mosque Hotan Xinjiang
Id Kah Mosque Kashgar Xinjiang 1442 [15]
Najiaying Mosque Yuxi Yunnan

See also

References

  •  This article incorporates text from The Chinese repository, Volume 13, a publication from 1844, now in the public domain in the United States.
  •  This article incorporates text from The Chinese repository, Volumes 11-15, a publication from 1842, now in the public domain in the United States.
  1. ^ "Strengthen and promote the standardization of mosque management" (in Chinese). CPPCC News. 2014-12-18. Archived from the original on 2015-02-22. Retrieved 2015-02-22.
  2. ^ "The amount of mosques in Xinjiang is increasing to near 25,000" (in Chinese). Chinese Youth Daily. 2009-07-17. Retrieved 2015-02-22.
  3. ^ Shoujiang Mi, Jia You (2004). Islam in China. 五洲传播出版社. p. 29. ISBN 7-5085-0533-6. Retrieved 2011-05-16.
  4. ^ The Chinese repository, Volume 13. Printed for the proprietors. 1844. p. 31. Retrieved 2011-05-08.
  5. ^ Broomhall 1910, p. 290.
  6. ^ The Chinese repository, Volumes 11-15. Printed for the proprietors. 1842. p. 33. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
  7. ^ Michael Dillon (1999). China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement and sects. Richmond: Curzon Press. p. 77. ISBN 0-7007-1026-4. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
  8. ^ Hagras, Hamada (2017). "AN ANCIENT MOSQUE IN NINGBO, CHINA "HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL STUDY". Journal of Islamic Architecture. 4 (3): 102–113. doi:10.18860/jia.v4i3.3851.
  9. ^ Saudi Aramco World, July/August 1985 , page 3035
  10. ^ "存档副本". Archived from the original on 2007-08-14. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
  11. ^ "存档副本". Archived from the original on 2007-10-04. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
  12. ^ "存档副本". Archived from the original on 2006-09-25. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
  13. ^ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-04/09/content_11159058.htm
  14. ^ "存档副本". Archived from the original on 2006-09-25. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
  15. ^ "存档副本". Archived from the original on 2006-11-11. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
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