Edit count of the user (user_editcount) | 15832 |
Name of the user account (user_name) | 'AlejandroFC' |
Age of the user account (user_age) | 135809987 |
Groups (including implicit) the user is in (user_groups) | [
0 => 'extendedconfirmed',
1 => '*',
2 => 'user',
3 => 'autoconfirmed'
] |
Rights that the user has (user_rights) | [
0 => 'extendedconfirmed',
1 => 'createaccount',
2 => 'read',
3 => 'edit',
4 => 'createtalk',
5 => 'writeapi',
6 => 'viewmyprivateinfo',
7 => 'editmyprivateinfo',
8 => 'editmyoptions',
9 => 'abusefilter-log-detail',
10 => 'urlshortener-create-url',
11 => 'centralauth-merge',
12 => 'abusefilter-view',
13 => 'abusefilter-log',
14 => 'vipsscaler-test',
15 => 'collectionsaveasuserpage',
16 => 'reupload-own',
17 => 'move-rootuserpages',
18 => 'createpage',
19 => 'minoredit',
20 => 'editmyusercss',
21 => 'editmyuserjson',
22 => 'editmyuserjs',
23 => 'sendemail',
24 => 'applychangetags',
25 => 'viewmywatchlist',
26 => 'editmywatchlist',
27 => 'spamblacklistlog',
28 => 'mwoauthmanagemygrants',
29 => 'reupload',
30 => 'upload',
31 => 'move',
32 => 'autoconfirmed',
33 => 'editsemiprotected',
34 => 'skipcaptcha',
35 => 'ipinfo',
36 => 'ipinfo-view-basic',
37 => 'transcode-reset',
38 => 'transcode-status',
39 => 'createpagemainns',
40 => 'movestable',
41 => 'autoreview',
42 => 'enrollasmentor'
] |
Whether or not a user is editing through the mobile interface (user_mobile) | false |
Whether the user is editing from mobile app (user_app) | false |
Page ID (page_id) | 71852154 |
Page namespace (page_namespace) | 0 |
Page title without namespace (page_title) | 'Expropriation of La Brea y Pariñas' |
Full page title (page_prefixedtitle) | 'Expropriation of La Brea y Pariñas' |
Edit protection level of the page (page_restrictions_edit) | [] |
Page age in seconds (page_age) | 53498157 |
Action (action) | 'edit' |
Edit summary/reason (summary) | '' |
Time since last page edit in seconds (page_last_edit_age) | 38637035 |
Old content model (old_content_model) | 'wikitext' |
New content model (new_content_model) | 'wikitext' |
Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '#REDIRECT [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru#First phase]]
[[Category:Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Infobox event
| image = Toma de La Brea y Pariñas, 9 de octubre de 1968.jpg
| caption =
| native_name = Toma de La Brea y Pariñas
| native_name_lang = es
| english_name =
| time =
| timezone =
| duration = <!-- {{duration|h=x|m=x|s=x}} or {{time interval|date1|date2|options}} -->
| date = {{start date|1968|10|09}}
| location = [[La Brea and Pariñas]], Peru
| type =
| theme =
| cause =
| motive =
| target =
| perpetrator = [[Peruvian Army]]
| outcome =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| casualties3 =
| reported deaths =
| reported injuries =
| reported missing =
| reported property damage =
}}
On October 9, 1968, the [[Peruvian Army]] seized control of [[La Brea and Pariñas]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=¿Por qué se celebra el 9 de octubre el Día de la Dignidad Nacional en Perú? |url=https://www.notimerica.com/sociedad/noticia-celebra-octubre-dia-dignidad-nacional-peru-20181009021432.html |date=2018-10-09 |work=[[Notimérica]]}}</ref> an oil refinery in northern [[Peru]], under the orders of [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]]'s so-called [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru|Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces]].<ref name="ep">{{Cite news|title=A 50 años de la nacionalización de la Brea y Pariñas, Talara sigue olvidada|url=https://larepublica.pe/economia/1334214-50-anos-nacionalizacion-brea-parinas-talara-sigue-olvidada/|date=2018-10-08|work=[[La República (Peru)|La República]]}}</ref> The events took place in response to the controversy surrounding the oil field, which led to a long-standing dispute between its owner, the [[International Oil Company]], and the [[Peruvian government]].
==Background==
A long-standing controversy regarding the oil field began in 1911, as an administrative error had seriously understated the number of deposits (organised as event lots called ''pertenencias'') in the oil field: the total number had been recorded as 10, but a survey carried out by engineers [[Héctor Boza]] and Alberto Jochamowitz found that the site had not 10 but no less than 41,614 ''pertenencias''.<ref name="ETdP">{{cite book |last= Tauro del Pino |first= Alberto |author-link= Alberto Tauro del Pino |editor= |title= Enciclopedia Ilustrada del Perú |chapter=La Brea y Pariñas |lang=es |edition= 3 |year= 2001 |publisher=[[PEISA]] |volume=9 |location=Lima |isbn=9972-40-149-9 |page=1361}}</ref> The disagreement between the IPC and the Government regarding a newfound debt continued until 1968, when the Act of Talara was signed on August 13. Soon after it was signed, on September 10, Carlos Loret de Mola (resigning president of the {{ill|Empresa Petrolera Fiscal|es}}) reported that the eleventh and final page was missing from the contract, allegedly containing valuable information about costs.<ref name=Obando>{{Cite news |title=Esto fue lo que realmente pasó con la famosa Página 11 del gobierno de Fernando Belaunde Terry y Pedro Pablo Kuczynski |url=https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/08/06/esto-fue-lo-que-realmente-paso-con-la-famosa-pagina-11-del-gobierno-de-fernando-belaunde-terry-y-pedro-pablo-kuczynski/ |last=Obando |first=Manoel |date=2023-08-06 |work=[[Infobae]]}}</ref>{{sfn|Chirinos|1985|p=297}} The crisis served as a pretext for a group of army officers, led by General [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]], to carry out a [[1968 Peruvian coup d'état|coup d'état]] less than a month later.<ref name=Obando/>
==Takeover==
On October 9, 1968, the [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru|Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces]] ordered the seizure of the IPC facilities in [[Talara]], which was carried out by the forces of the [[1st Army Division (Peru)|First Military Region]] based in [[Piura]], under the command of General Fermín Málaga. This event had a great impact on the country and helped the government to consolidate power. The date of October 9 was celebrated throughout the military government as the [[Day of National Dignity]].
==Aftermath==
[[Petroperú]] was created the following year by law decree issued by General [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]] on July 24, 1969. The newly created company was chaired by another General, Marco Fernández-Baca Carrasco and had to face the challenges of operating and maintaining the recently nationalised oil industry with local personnel. It had to do this without resources or technical support from global oil players, who had been alienated by the forced [[nationalisation]] of the military government.
The company and the government nevertheless had the assistance of Soviet technicians and were able to retain middle managers, surviving and even thriving despite reduced production capacity. Extraction and refining progressively increased owing to oilfield discoveries in the northern jungle (Loreto Department), association agreements that followed after Velasco's deposition by [[Tacnazo|another coup in 1975]], and the construction of the {{ill|North Peruvian Pipeline|es|Oleoducto Norperuano}}.<ref>[http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/261729-petroperu-la-modernizacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-se-justifica-economicamente/ Petroperú: "La modernización del Oleoducto no se justifica económicamente"]. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://gestion.pe/economia/petroperu-busca-socia-extender-oleoducto-1-000-kilometros-mas-225673 Petroperú busca socia para extender el Oleoducto en 1,000 kilómetros más]. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.americaeconomia.com/negocios-industrias/petroperu-evalua-extension-del-oleoducto-norperuano-como-parte-de-su Petroperú evalúa extensión del Oleoducto Norperuano como parte de su modernización]. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref name="larepublica.pe">[https://larepublica.pe/politica/1232663-petroperu-denuncia-toma-de-estacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-en-loreto Petroperú denuncia toma de estación del Oleoducto Norperuano en Loreto]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://gestion.pe/economia/empresas/petroperu-confirma-fisura-oleoducto-norperuano-crecida-rio-pastaza-235297 Petroperú confirma fisura en Oleoducto Norperuano por crecida de río Pastaza]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[http://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-evalua-extender-oleoducto-norperuano-en-1000-kilometros-noticia-1101691 Petroperú evalúa extender Oleoducto Norperuano en 1,000 kilómetros]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www2.petroperu.com.pe/museo/la-refinacion/ La refinacíon del Petroleo] Consultado el 6 de agosto de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-inicia-modernizacion-de-oleoducto-norperuano-noticia-1140309 Petroperú inicia modernización de Oleoducto Norperuano]. Consultado el 7 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/303376-petroperu-la-ampliacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-seria-financiada-con-recursos-propios/ Petroperú: "La ampliación del Oleoducto no sería financiada con recursos propios"]. Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://peru21.pe/peru/petroperu-reparar-oleoducto-norperuano-447972 Petroperú aún no puede reparar Oleoducto Norperuano]. Consultado el 20 de diciembre de 2018.</ref>
==See also==
*[[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru]]
[[Category:1968 in Peru]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -1,3 +1,46 @@
-#REDIRECT [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru#First phase]]
+{{Infobox event
+| image = Toma de La Brea y Pariñas, 9 de octubre de 1968.jpg
+| caption =
+| native_name = Toma de La Brea y Pariñas
+| native_name_lang = es
+| english_name =
+| time =
+| timezone =
+| duration = <!-- {{duration|h=x|m=x|s=x}} or {{time interval|date1|date2|options}} -->
+| date = {{start date|1968|10|09}}
+| location = [[La Brea and Pariñas]], Peru
+| type =
+| theme =
+| cause =
+| motive =
+| target =
+| perpetrator = [[Peruvian Army]]
+| outcome =
+| casualties1 =
+| casualties2 =
+| casualties3 =
+| reported deaths =
+| reported injuries =
+| reported missing =
+| reported property damage =
+}}
+On October 9, 1968, the [[Peruvian Army]] seized control of [[La Brea and Pariñas]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=¿Por qué se celebra el 9 de octubre el Día de la Dignidad Nacional en Perú? |url=https://www.notimerica.com/sociedad/noticia-celebra-octubre-dia-dignidad-nacional-peru-20181009021432.html |date=2018-10-09 |work=[[Notimérica]]}}</ref> an oil refinery in northern [[Peru]], under the orders of [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]]'s so-called [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru|Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces]].<ref name="ep">{{Cite news|title=A 50 años de la nacionalización de la Brea y Pariñas, Talara sigue olvidada|url=https://larepublica.pe/economia/1334214-50-anos-nacionalizacion-brea-parinas-talara-sigue-olvidada/|date=2018-10-08|work=[[La República (Peru)|La República]]}}</ref> The events took place in response to the controversy surrounding the oil field, which led to a long-standing dispute between its owner, the [[International Oil Company]], and the [[Peruvian government]].
+==Background==
+A long-standing controversy regarding the oil field began in 1911, as an administrative error had seriously understated the number of deposits (organised as event lots called ''pertenencias'') in the oil field: the total number had been recorded as 10, but a survey carried out by engineers [[Héctor Boza]] and Alberto Jochamowitz found that the site had not 10 but no less than 41,614 ''pertenencias''.<ref name="ETdP">{{cite book |last= Tauro del Pino |first= Alberto |author-link= Alberto Tauro del Pino |editor= |title= Enciclopedia Ilustrada del Perú |chapter=La Brea y Pariñas |lang=es |edition= 3 |year= 2001 |publisher=[[PEISA]] |volume=9 |location=Lima |isbn=9972-40-149-9 |page=1361}}</ref> The disagreement between the IPC and the Government regarding a newfound debt continued until 1968, when the Act of Talara was signed on August 13. Soon after it was signed, on September 10, Carlos Loret de Mola (resigning president of the {{ill|Empresa Petrolera Fiscal|es}}) reported that the eleventh and final page was missing from the contract, allegedly containing valuable information about costs.<ref name=Obando>{{Cite news |title=Esto fue lo que realmente pasó con la famosa Página 11 del gobierno de Fernando Belaunde Terry y Pedro Pablo Kuczynski |url=https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/08/06/esto-fue-lo-que-realmente-paso-con-la-famosa-pagina-11-del-gobierno-de-fernando-belaunde-terry-y-pedro-pablo-kuczynski/ |last=Obando |first=Manoel |date=2023-08-06 |work=[[Infobae]]}}</ref>{{sfn|Chirinos|1985|p=297}} The crisis served as a pretext for a group of army officers, led by General [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]], to carry out a [[1968 Peruvian coup d'état|coup d'état]] less than a month later.<ref name=Obando/>
+
+==Takeover==
+On October 9, 1968, the [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru|Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces]] ordered the seizure of the IPC facilities in [[Talara]], which was carried out by the forces of the [[1st Army Division (Peru)|First Military Region]] based in [[Piura]], under the command of General Fermín Málaga. This event had a great impact on the country and helped the government to consolidate power. The date of October 9 was celebrated throughout the military government as the [[Day of National Dignity]].
+
+==Aftermath==
+[[Petroperú]] was created the following year by law decree issued by General [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]] on July 24, 1969. The newly created company was chaired by another General, Marco Fernández-Baca Carrasco and had to face the challenges of operating and maintaining the recently nationalised oil industry with local personnel. It had to do this without resources or technical support from global oil players, who had been alienated by the forced [[nationalisation]] of the military government.
+
+The company and the government nevertheless had the assistance of Soviet technicians and were able to retain middle managers, surviving and even thriving despite reduced production capacity. Extraction and refining progressively increased owing to oilfield discoveries in the northern jungle (Loreto Department), association agreements that followed after Velasco's deposition by [[Tacnazo|another coup in 1975]], and the construction of the {{ill|North Peruvian Pipeline|es|Oleoducto Norperuano}}.<ref>[http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/261729-petroperu-la-modernizacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-se-justifica-economicamente/ Petroperú: "La modernización del Oleoducto no se justifica económicamente"]. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://gestion.pe/economia/petroperu-busca-socia-extender-oleoducto-1-000-kilometros-mas-225673 Petroperú busca socia para extender el Oleoducto en 1,000 kilómetros más]. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.americaeconomia.com/negocios-industrias/petroperu-evalua-extension-del-oleoducto-norperuano-como-parte-de-su Petroperú evalúa extensión del Oleoducto Norperuano como parte de su modernización]. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref name="larepublica.pe">[https://larepublica.pe/politica/1232663-petroperu-denuncia-toma-de-estacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-en-loreto Petroperú denuncia toma de estación del Oleoducto Norperuano en Loreto]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://gestion.pe/economia/empresas/petroperu-confirma-fisura-oleoducto-norperuano-crecida-rio-pastaza-235297 Petroperú confirma fisura en Oleoducto Norperuano por crecida de río Pastaza]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[http://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-evalua-extender-oleoducto-norperuano-en-1000-kilometros-noticia-1101691 Petroperú evalúa extender Oleoducto Norperuano en 1,000 kilómetros]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www2.petroperu.com.pe/museo/la-refinacion/ La refinacíon del Petroleo] Consultado el 6 de agosto de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-inicia-modernizacion-de-oleoducto-norperuano-noticia-1140309 Petroperú inicia modernización de Oleoducto Norperuano]. Consultado el 7 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/303376-petroperu-la-ampliacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-seria-financiada-con-recursos-propios/ Petroperú: "La ampliación del Oleoducto no sería financiada con recursos propios"]. Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://peru21.pe/peru/petroperu-reparar-oleoducto-norperuano-447972 Petroperú aún no puede reparar Oleoducto Norperuano]. Consultado el 20 de diciembre de 2018.</ref>
+
+==See also==
+*[[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru]]
+
+==References==
+{{reflist}}
[[Category:Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru]]
+[[Category:1968 in Peru]]
' |
New page size (new_size) | 7795 |
Old page size (old_size) | 145 |
Size change in edit (edit_delta) | 7650 |
Lines added in edit (added_lines) | [
0 => '{{Infobox event',
1 => '| image = Toma de La Brea y Pariñas, 9 de octubre de 1968.jpg',
2 => '| caption = ',
3 => '| native_name = Toma de La Brea y Pariñas',
4 => '| native_name_lang = es',
5 => '| english_name = ',
6 => '| time = ',
7 => '| timezone = ',
8 => '| duration = <!-- {{duration|h=x|m=x|s=x}} or {{time interval|date1|date2|options}} -->',
9 => '| date = {{start date|1968|10|09}}',
10 => '| location = [[La Brea and Pariñas]], Peru',
11 => '| type = ',
12 => '| theme = ',
13 => '| cause = ',
14 => '| motive = ',
15 => '| target = ',
16 => '| perpetrator = [[Peruvian Army]]',
17 => '| outcome = ',
18 => '| casualties1 = ',
19 => '| casualties2 = ',
20 => '| casualties3 = ',
21 => '| reported deaths = ',
22 => '| reported injuries = ',
23 => '| reported missing = ',
24 => '| reported property damage = ',
25 => '}}',
26 => 'On October 9, 1968, the [[Peruvian Army]] seized control of [[La Brea and Pariñas]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=¿Por qué se celebra el 9 de octubre el Día de la Dignidad Nacional en Perú? |url=https://www.notimerica.com/sociedad/noticia-celebra-octubre-dia-dignidad-nacional-peru-20181009021432.html |date=2018-10-09 |work=[[Notimérica]]}}</ref> an oil refinery in northern [[Peru]], under the orders of [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]]'s so-called [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru|Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces]].<ref name="ep">{{Cite news|title=A 50 años de la nacionalización de la Brea y Pariñas, Talara sigue olvidada|url=https://larepublica.pe/economia/1334214-50-anos-nacionalizacion-brea-parinas-talara-sigue-olvidada/|date=2018-10-08|work=[[La República (Peru)|La República]]}}</ref> The events took place in response to the controversy surrounding the oil field, which led to a long-standing dispute between its owner, the [[International Oil Company]], and the [[Peruvian government]].',
27 => '==Background==',
28 => 'A long-standing controversy regarding the oil field began in 1911, as an administrative error had seriously understated the number of deposits (organised as event lots called ''pertenencias'') in the oil field: the total number had been recorded as 10, but a survey carried out by engineers [[Héctor Boza]] and Alberto Jochamowitz found that the site had not 10 but no less than 41,614 ''pertenencias''.<ref name="ETdP">{{cite book |last= Tauro del Pino |first= Alberto |author-link= Alberto Tauro del Pino |editor= |title= Enciclopedia Ilustrada del Perú |chapter=La Brea y Pariñas |lang=es |edition= 3 |year= 2001 |publisher=[[PEISA]] |volume=9 |location=Lima |isbn=9972-40-149-9 |page=1361}}</ref> The disagreement between the IPC and the Government regarding a newfound debt continued until 1968, when the Act of Talara was signed on August 13. Soon after it was signed, on September 10, Carlos Loret de Mola (resigning president of the {{ill|Empresa Petrolera Fiscal|es}}) reported that the eleventh and final page was missing from the contract, allegedly containing valuable information about costs.<ref name=Obando>{{Cite news |title=Esto fue lo que realmente pasó con la famosa Página 11 del gobierno de Fernando Belaunde Terry y Pedro Pablo Kuczynski |url=https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/08/06/esto-fue-lo-que-realmente-paso-con-la-famosa-pagina-11-del-gobierno-de-fernando-belaunde-terry-y-pedro-pablo-kuczynski/ |last=Obando |first=Manoel |date=2023-08-06 |work=[[Infobae]]}}</ref>{{sfn|Chirinos|1985|p=297}} The crisis served as a pretext for a group of army officers, led by General [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]], to carry out a [[1968 Peruvian coup d'état|coup d'état]] less than a month later.<ref name=Obando/>',
29 => '',
30 => '==Takeover==',
31 => 'On October 9, 1968, the [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru|Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces]] ordered the seizure of the IPC facilities in [[Talara]], which was carried out by the forces of the [[1st Army Division (Peru)|First Military Region]] based in [[Piura]], under the command of General Fermín Málaga. This event had a great impact on the country and helped the government to consolidate power. The date of October 9 was celebrated throughout the military government as the [[Day of National Dignity]].',
32 => '',
33 => '==Aftermath==',
34 => '[[Petroperú]] was created the following year by law decree issued by General [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]] on July 24, 1969. The newly created company was chaired by another General, Marco Fernández-Baca Carrasco and had to face the challenges of operating and maintaining the recently nationalised oil industry with local personnel. It had to do this without resources or technical support from global oil players, who had been alienated by the forced [[nationalisation]] of the military government.',
35 => '',
36 => 'The company and the government nevertheless had the assistance of Soviet technicians and were able to retain middle managers, surviving and even thriving despite reduced production capacity. Extraction and refining progressively increased owing to oilfield discoveries in the northern jungle (Loreto Department), association agreements that followed after Velasco's deposition by [[Tacnazo|another coup in 1975]], and the construction of the {{ill|North Peruvian Pipeline|es|Oleoducto Norperuano}}.<ref>[http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/261729-petroperu-la-modernizacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-se-justifica-economicamente/ Petroperú: "La modernización del Oleoducto no se justifica económicamente"]. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://gestion.pe/economia/petroperu-busca-socia-extender-oleoducto-1-000-kilometros-mas-225673 Petroperú busca socia para extender el Oleoducto en 1,000 kilómetros más]. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.americaeconomia.com/negocios-industrias/petroperu-evalua-extension-del-oleoducto-norperuano-como-parte-de-su Petroperú evalúa extensión del Oleoducto Norperuano como parte de su modernización]. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref name="larepublica.pe">[https://larepublica.pe/politica/1232663-petroperu-denuncia-toma-de-estacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-en-loreto Petroperú denuncia toma de estación del Oleoducto Norperuano en Loreto]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://gestion.pe/economia/empresas/petroperu-confirma-fisura-oleoducto-norperuano-crecida-rio-pastaza-235297 Petroperú confirma fisura en Oleoducto Norperuano por crecida de río Pastaza]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[http://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-evalua-extender-oleoducto-norperuano-en-1000-kilometros-noticia-1101691 Petroperú evalúa extender Oleoducto Norperuano en 1,000 kilómetros]. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www2.petroperu.com.pe/museo/la-refinacion/ La refinacíon del Petroleo] Consultado el 6 de agosto de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-inicia-modernizacion-de-oleoducto-norperuano-noticia-1140309 Petroperú inicia modernización de Oleoducto Norperuano]. Consultado el 7 de julio de 2018.</ref><ref>[http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/303376-petroperu-la-ampliacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-seria-financiada-con-recursos-propios/ Petroperú: "La ampliación del Oleoducto no sería financiada con recursos propios"]. Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2018.</ref><ref>[https://peru21.pe/peru/petroperu-reparar-oleoducto-norperuano-447972 Petroperú aún no puede reparar Oleoducto Norperuano]. Consultado el 20 de diciembre de 2018.</ref>',
37 => '',
38 => '==See also==',
39 => '*[[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru]]',
40 => '',
41 => '==References==',
42 => '{{reflist}}',
43 => '[[Category:1968 in Peru]]'
] |
Lines removed in edit (removed_lines) | [
0 => '#REDIRECT [[Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru#First phase]]'
] |
Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1218072481">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Expropriation of La Brea y Pariñas</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Toma_de_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as,_9_de_octubre_de_1968.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Toma_de_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as%2C_9_de_octubre_de_1968.jpg/240px-Toma_de_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as%2C_9_de_octubre_de_1968.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Toma_de_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as%2C_9_de_octubre_de_1968.jpg/360px-Toma_de_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as%2C_9_de_octubre_de_1968.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Toma_de_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as%2C_9_de_octubre_de_1968.jpg/480px-Toma_de_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as%2C_9_de_octubre_de_1968.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="es"> Toma de La Brea y Pariñas</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">October 9, 1968<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1968-10-09</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Brea_and_Pari%C3%B1as" class="mw-redirect" title="La Brea and Pariñas">La Brea and Pariñas</a>, Peru</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Perpetrator</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_Army" title="Peruvian Army">Peruvian Army</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>On October 9, 1968, the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_Army" title="Peruvian Army">Peruvian Army</a> seized control of <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Brea_and_Pari%C3%B1as" class="mw-redirect" title="La Brea and Pariñas">La Brea and Pariñas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> an oil refinery in northern <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>, under the orders of <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Velasco_Alvarado" title="Juan Velasco Alvarado">Juan Velasco Alvarado</a>'s so-called <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Peru" title="Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru">Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ep_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ep-2">[2]</a></sup> The events took place in response to the controversy surrounding the oil field, which led to a long-standing dispute between its owner, the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Oil_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="International Oil Company">International Oil Company</a>, and the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian government">Peruvian government</a>.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en-GB" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Background"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Takeover"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Takeover</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Aftermath"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Aftermath</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Background"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<p>A long-standing controversy regarding the oil field began in 1911, as an administrative error had seriously understated the number of deposits (organised as event lots called <i>pertenencias</i>) in the oil field: the total number had been recorded as 10, but a survey carried out by engineers <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Boza" title="Héctor Boza">Héctor Boza</a> and Alberto Jochamowitz found that the site had not 10 but no less than 41,614 <i>pertenencias</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ETdP_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ETdP-3">[3]</a></sup> The disagreement between the IPC and the Government regarding a newfound debt continued until 1968, when the Act of Talara was signed on August 13. Soon after it was signed, on September 10, Carlos Loret de Mola (resigning president of the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empresa_Petrolera_Fiscal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Empresa Petrolera Fiscal (page does not exist)">Empresa Petrolera Fiscal</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_Petrolera_Fiscal" class="extiw" title="es:Empresa Petrolera Fiscal">es</a>]</span>) reported that the eleventh and final page was missing from the contract, allegedly containing valuable information about costs.<sup id="cite_ref-Obando_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obando-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChirinos1985297_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChirinos1985297-5">[5]</a></sup> The crisis served as a pretext for a group of army officers, led by General <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Velasco_Alvarado" title="Juan Velasco Alvarado">Juan Velasco Alvarado</a>, to carry out a <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968_Peruvian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1968 Peruvian coup d'état">coup d'état</a> less than a month later.<sup id="cite_ref-Obando_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obando-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Takeover">Takeover</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Takeover"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<p>On October 9, 1968, the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Peru" title="Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru">Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces</a> ordered the seizure of the IPC facilities in <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talara" title="Talara">Talara</a>, which was carried out by the forces of the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_Army_Division_(Peru)" title="1st Army Division (Peru)">First Military Region</a> based in <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piura" title="Piura">Piura</a>, under the command of General Fermín Málaga. This event had a great impact on the country and helped the government to consolidate power. The date of October 9 was celebrated throughout the military government as the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_of_National_Dignity" title="Day of National Dignity">Day of National Dignity</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Aftermath"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<p><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroper%C3%BA" title="Petroperú">Petroperú</a> was created the following year by law decree issued by General <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Velasco_Alvarado" title="Juan Velasco Alvarado">Juan Velasco Alvarado</a> on July 24, 1969. The newly created company was chaired by another General, Marco Fernández-Baca Carrasco and had to face the challenges of operating and maintaining the recently nationalised oil industry with local personnel. It had to do this without resources or technical support from global oil players, who had been alienated by the forced <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalisation">nationalisation</a> of the military government.
</p><p>The company and the government nevertheless had the assistance of Soviet technicians and were able to retain middle managers, surviving and even thriving despite reduced production capacity. Extraction and refining progressively increased owing to oilfield discoveries in the northern jungle (Loreto Department), association agreements that followed after Velasco's deposition by <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacnazo" title="Tacnazo">another coup in 1975</a>, and the construction of the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_Peruvian_Pipeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Peruvian Pipeline (page does not exist)">North Peruvian Pipeline</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleoducto_Norperuano" class="extiw" title="es:Oleoducto Norperuano">es</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-larepublica.pe_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-larepublica.pe-9">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: See also"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<ul><li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Peru" title="Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru">Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_La_Brea_y_Pari%C3%B1as&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1217336898">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1215172403">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.notimerica.com/sociedad/noticia-celebra-octubre-dia-dignidad-nacional-peru-20181009021432.html">"¿Por qué se celebra el 9 de octubre el Día de la Dignidad Nacional en Perú?"</a>. <i><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notim%C3%A9rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Notimérica">Notimérica</a></i>. 2018-10-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Notim%C3%A9rica&rft.atitle=%C2%BFPor+qu%C3%A9+se+celebra+el+9+de+octubre+el+D%C3%ADa+de+la+Dignidad+Nacional+en+Per%C3%BA%3F&rft.date=2018-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F1.800.gay%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.notimerica.com%2Fsociedad%2Fnoticia-celebra-octubre-dia-dignidad-nacional-peru-20181009021432.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExpropriation+of+La+Brea+y+Pari%C3%B1as" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ep-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ep_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://larepublica.pe/economia/1334214-50-anos-nacionalizacion-brea-parinas-talara-sigue-olvidada/">"A 50 años de la nacionalización de la Brea y Pariñas, Talara sigue olvidada"</a>. <i><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Rep%C3%BAblica_(Peru)" class="mw-redirect" title="La República (Peru)">La República</a></i>. 2018-10-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=A+50+a%C3%B1os+de+la+nacionalizaci%C3%B3n+de+la+Brea+y+Pari%C3%B1as%2C+Talara+sigue+olvidada&rft.date=2018-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F1.800.gay%3A443%2Fhttps%2Flarepublica.pe%2Feconomia%2F1334214-50-anos-nacionalizacion-brea-parinas-talara-sigue-olvidada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExpropriation+of+La+Brea+y+Pari%C3%B1as" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ETdP-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ETdP_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFTauro_del_Pino2001" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Tauro_del_Pino" title="Alberto Tauro del Pino">Tauro del Pino, Alberto</a> (2001). "La Brea y Pariñas". <i>Enciclopedia Ilustrada del Perú</i> (in Spanish). Vol. 9 (3 ed.). Lima: <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEISA" class="mw-redirect" title="PEISA">PEISA</a>. p. 1361. <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9972-40-149-9" title="Special:BookSources/9972-40-149-9"><bdi>9972-40-149-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=La+Brea+y+Pari%C3%B1as&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+Ilustrada+del+Per%C3%BA&rft.place=Lima&rft.pages=1361&rft.edition=3&rft.pub=PEISA&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9972-40-149-9&rft.aulast=Tauro+del+Pino&rft.aufirst=Alberto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExpropriation+of+La+Brea+y+Pari%C3%B1as" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Obando-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Obando_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Obando_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFObando2023" class="citation news cs1">Obando, Manoel (2023-08-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/08/06/esto-fue-lo-que-realmente-paso-con-la-famosa-pagina-11-del-gobierno-de-fernando-belaunde-terry-y-pedro-pablo-kuczynski/">"Esto fue lo que realmente pasó con la famosa Página 11 del gobierno de Fernando Belaunde Terry y Pedro Pablo Kuczynski"</a>. <i><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infobae" title="Infobae">Infobae</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infobae&rft.atitle=Esto+fue+lo+que+realmente+pas%C3%B3+con+la+famosa+P%C3%A1gina+11+del+gobierno+de+Fernando+Belaunde+Terry+y+Pedro+Pablo+Kuczynski&rft.date=2023-08-06&rft.aulast=Obando&rft.aufirst=Manoel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F1.800.gay%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.infobae.com%2Fperu%2F2023%2F08%2F06%2Festo-fue-lo-que-realmente-paso-con-la-famosa-pagina-11-del-gobierno-de-fernando-belaunde-terry-y-pedro-pablo-kuczynski%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExpropriation+of+La+Brea+y+Pari%C3%B1as" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChirinos1985297-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChirinos1985297_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChirinos1985">Chirinos 1985</a>, p. 297.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFChirinos1985 (<a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/261729-petroperu-la-modernizacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-se-justifica-economicamente/">Petroperú: "La modernización del Oleoducto no se justifica económicamente"</a>. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gestion.pe/economia/petroperu-busca-socia-extender-oleoducto-1-000-kilometros-mas-225673">Petroperú busca socia para extender el Oleoducto en 1,000 kilómetros más</a>. Consultado el 11 de julio de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americaeconomia.com/negocios-industrias/petroperu-evalua-extension-del-oleoducto-norperuano-como-parte-de-su">Petroperú evalúa extensión del Oleoducto Norperuano como parte de su modernización</a>. Consultado el 12 de julio de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-larepublica.pe-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-larepublica.pe_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://larepublica.pe/politica/1232663-petroperu-denuncia-toma-de-estacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-en-loreto">Petroperú denuncia toma de estación del Oleoducto Norperuano en Loreto</a>. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gestion.pe/economia/empresas/petroperu-confirma-fisura-oleoducto-norperuano-crecida-rio-pastaza-235297">Petroperú confirma fisura en Oleoducto Norperuano por crecida de río Pastaza</a>. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-evalua-extender-oleoducto-norperuano-en-1000-kilometros-noticia-1101691">Petroperú evalúa extender Oleoducto Norperuano en 1,000 kilómetros</a>. Consultado el 16 de julio de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.petroperu.com.pe/museo/la-refinacion/">La refinacíon del Petroleo</a> Consultado el 6 de agosto de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rpp.pe/economia/economia/petroperu-inicia-modernizacion-de-oleoducto-norperuano-noticia-1140309">Petroperú inicia modernización de Oleoducto Norperuano</a>. Consultado el 7 de julio de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://semanaeconomica.com/article/sectores-y-empresas/energia/303376-petroperu-la-ampliacion-del-oleoducto-norperuano-no-seria-financiada-con-recursos-propios/">Petroperú: "La ampliación del Oleoducto no sería financiada con recursos propios"</a>. Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peru21.pe/peru/petroperu-reparar-oleoducto-norperuano-447972">Petroperú aún no puede reparar Oleoducto Norperuano</a>. Consultado el 20 de diciembre de 2018.</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1717729177' |
