Jersey (fabric): Difference between revisions
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| location = [[Jersey]] |
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| ⚫ | }}'''Jersey (Fabric)''' is a type of [[Knitting|knit]] used predominantly for [[clothing]] manufacture. It was originally made of [[wool]], but is now made of [[wool]], [[cotton]] and [[synthetic fiber]]s. The fabric is seen to be of a softer variety, as well as the fabric being stretchy, and having a draping attributes. |
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[[Image:Gestrick links-rechts rechte Seite.jpeg|thumb|Single jersey front side under microscope]] |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The material was first produced in [[Jersey]], [[Channel Islands]], which had been an important exporter of knitted goods since [[Middle ages|medieval]] times.<ref>''Portrait of the Channel Islands'', Lemprière, London, 1970, {{ISBN|0-7091-1541-5}}</ref> |
The material was first produced in [[Jersey]], [[Channel Islands]], which had been an important exporter of knitted goods since [[Middle ages|medieval]] times.<ref>''Portrait of the Channel Islands'', Lemprière, London, 1970, {{ISBN|0-7091-1541-5}}</ref> Historically, with the location of the fabric's origin, [[English Channel]]--the islands were known for its wool trade, and believed that the island's association with the textile industry is where the fabric's name is sourced from. |
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In 1916, [[Coco Chanel|Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel]] upset the fashion industry by using jersey at a time when it was strictly associated with underwear. "This designer made jersey what it is today—we hope she's satisfied," said ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' in 1999. "It's almost as much part of our lives as blue [[serge (fabric)|serge]] is."<ref name="Linda Watson">{{cite book|last1=Watson|first1=Linda|title=Vogue Twentieth Century Fashion|publisher=Carlton Books|year=1999|isbn=1-85868-517-6|page=112}}</ref> |
In 1916, [[Coco Chanel|Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel]] upset the fashion industry by using jersey at a time when it was strictly associated with underwear. "This designer made jersey what it is today—we hope she's satisfied," said ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' in 1999. "It's almost as much part of our lives as blue [[serge (fabric)|serge]] is."<ref name="Linda Watson">{{cite book|last1=Watson|first1=Linda|title=Vogue Twentieth Century Fashion|publisher=Carlton Books|year=1999|isbn=1-85868-517-6|page=112}}</ref> |
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In the late [[19th century]], the fabric began to become the favor of many consumers, due to the advancing [[textile manufacturing]] technology. Originating from wool fabric, jersey fabric had a specific knitting technique called the "knit stitch,' producing a smoother, a more stretchy fabric ideal for making a wider variety of comfortable garments. However, until the induction of the cotton jersey is really when the fabric truly took off, and became a crowd pleaser. |
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== Evolution and Adaptation == |
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The introduction of the cotton jersey revolutionized the textile industry in the 20th century. The jersey offered a lighter, breathable alternative to the wool jersey--where if applied with water would shrink to a smaller size from its original version. The cotton jersey was more suitable for a wider-range of clothing items, where its stretchiness and durability made the fabric popular among many athletes, as well as people that like the outdoors. |
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Throughout the early to mid-20th century, jersey fabric became analogues with sportswear and casual clothing. The added ease of care, and comfort made it the fabric of choice for t-shirts, sweatshirts, and athletic wear. [[Adidas]], and [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]]--both popular and multi-billion dollar companies, incorporated the jersey fabric into the respective brand's designs, forever solidifying its place in the world of sportswear. |
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== Structure == |
== Structure == |
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Jersey is a weft knit fabric that is knitted on a single set of needles with all loops meshing in the same direction.<ref name=":0" /> By and large, it is knitted in plain stitch.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Ladbury|first=Ann|url=http://archive.org/details/fabrics0000ladb|title=Fabrics|date=1985|publisher=London : Sidgwick & Jackson|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-283-99196-7|pages=60}}</ref> It is also called plain.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Anstey|first=H. (Helen)|url=http://archive.org/details/ansteywestonguid0000anst|title=The Anstey Weston guide to textile terms|date=1997|publisher=[Great Britain] : Weston|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-9530130-0-5|pages=95}}</ref> On the other hand, the double jersey is knit using two sets of needles, does not curl at the edges (when cut) and has a more stable structure.<ref name=":1" /> |
Jersey is a weft knit fabric that is knitted on a single set of needles with all loops meshing in the same direction.<ref name=":0" /> By and large, it is knitted in plain stitch.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Ladbury|first=Ann|url=http://archive.org/details/fabrics0000ladb|title=Fabrics|date=1985|publisher=London : Sidgwick & Jackson|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-283-99196-7|pages=60}}</ref> It is also called plain.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Anstey|first=H. (Helen)|url=http://archive.org/details/ansteywestonguid0000anst|title=The Anstey Weston guide to textile terms|date=1997|publisher=[Great Britain] : Weston|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-9530130-0-5|pages=95}}</ref> On the other hand, the double jersey is knit using two sets of needles, does not curl at the edges (when cut) and has a more stable structure.<ref name=":1" /> |
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== Fashion and High-end Applications == |
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With initially gaining popularity among the athletic, jersey fabric eventually found its way into high-end fashion. Many designers wanted to take a change and experiment with the jersey fabric, using its unique design to create elegant dresses, skirts, as well as tops. The way the fabric would drape over the body, as well as its versatility in terms of the design, made it a big favorite among designers--[[Coco Chanel]], and [[Diane von Fürstenberg|Diane von Furstenberg.]] Both are large fashion icons that have created a wide-variety of designer clothing, fashion shows, as well as fashioning new ideas for the world of fashion. |
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== Contemporary Usage == |
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For the modernistic era, jersey fabric remains a staple in casual and high-end fashion. The use of the versatility and comfort of the fabric, make it a popular choice for everyday wear, while its ability to be dressed up or down lends itself well to a variety of occasions. From the beautiful sophisticated evening gowns, lounging leggings, all the way to basic t-shirts--further solidifying its favorable use in the world of fashion. |
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Jersey fabric has found its way into various niche markets, including maternity wear and activewear. Its stretchiness and ability to adapt to changing body shapes make it ideal for maternity clothing, while its moisture-wicking properties make it perfect for workout attire. |
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== Types == |
== Types == |
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* Clocqué jersey |
* Clocqué jersey |
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* Stretch jersey |
* Stretch jersey |
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== Final Notes == |
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Jersey fabric has a lush and rich history, with its lasting impact on the world of clothing and fashion. From humble beginnings on the Jersey Channel Islands, to the widespread use in modern fashion, jersey fabric throughout history has adapted and evolved to meet the changing needs and pallets of the consumers. The soft, stretchy, and versatile fabric has made it a beloved textile for decades of generations, ensuring that its continued relevance to the world of clothing, is extended for years to come. |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Imrith |first=Manoj Kumar |last2=Rosunee |first2=Satyadev |last3=Unmar |first3=Roshan |date=2023-09-08 |title=Structural modelling of 100% cotton single jersey fabrics for optimum UV protection |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RJTA-02-2022-0016/full/html |journal=Research Journal of Textile and Apparel |language=en |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=343–365 |doi=10.1108/RJTA-02-2022-0016 |issn=1560-6074}}</ref> |
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{{reflist}} |
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<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoque |first=Md. Saiful |last2=Hossain |first2=Md. Jakir |last3=Rahman |first3=Md. Mahbubur |last4=Rashid |first4=Md. Mizanur |date=2022-06-09 |title=Fiber types and fabric structures influence on weft knitted fabrics |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9204663/ |journal=Heliyon |volume=8 |issue=6 |pages=e09605 |doi=10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09605 |issn=2405-8440 |pmc=9204663 |pmid=35721674}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mishra |first=Rajesh |last2=Jamshaid |first2=Hafsa |last3=Yosfani |first3=Sheraz Hussain Siddique |last4=Hussain |first4=Uzair |last5=Nadeem |first5=Muhammad |last6=Petru |first6=Michal |last7=Tichy |first7=Martin |last8=Muller |first8=Miroslav |date=2021-11-15 |title=Thermo physiological comfort of single jersey knitted fabric derivatives |url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-021-00266-5 |journal=Fashion and Textiles |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=40 |doi=10.1186/s40691-021-00266-5 |issn=2198-0802}}</ref>{{fabric}} |
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{{fabric}} |
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[[Category:Jersey]] |
[[Category:Jersey]] |
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Revision as of 19:05, 13 March 2024
 Interlock jersey fabric | |
| Type | Fabric |
|---|---|
| Material | Wool, cotton or synthetic fibers |
| Production method | Knitting |
| Production process | Mechanized |
| Place of origin | Jersey |
Jersey (Fabric) is a type of knit used predominantly for clothing manufacture. It was originally made of wool, but is now made of wool, cotton and synthetic fibers. The fabric is seen to be of a softer variety, as well as the fabric being stretchy, and having a draping attributes.
History
The material was first produced in Jersey, Channel Islands, which had been an important exporter of knitted goods since medieval times.[1] Historically, with the location of the fabric's origin, English Channel--the islands were known for its wool trade, and believed that the island's association with the textile industry is where the fabric's name is sourced from.
In 1916, Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel upset the fashion industry by using jersey at a time when it was strictly associated with underwear. "This designer made jersey what it is today—we hope she's satisfied," said Vogue in 1999. "It's almost as much part of our lives as blue serge is."[2]
In the late 19th century, the fabric began to become the favor of many consumers, due to the advancing textile manufacturing technology. Originating from wool fabric, jersey fabric had a specific knitting technique called the "knit stitch,' producing a smoother, a more stretchy fabric ideal for making a wider variety of comfortable garments. However, until the induction of the cotton jersey is really when the fabric truly took off, and became a crowd pleaser.
Evolution and Adaptation
The introduction of the cotton jersey revolutionized the textile industry in the 20th century. The jersey offered a lighter, breathable alternative to the wool jersey--where if applied with water would shrink to a smaller size from its original version. The cotton jersey was more suitable for a wider-range of clothing items, where its stretchiness and durability made the fabric popular among many athletes, as well as people that like the outdoors.
Throughout the early to mid-20th century, jersey fabric became analogues with sportswear and casual clothing. The added ease of care, and comfort made it the fabric of choice for t-shirts, sweatshirts, and athletic wear. Adidas, and Nike--both popular and multi-billion dollar companies, incorporated the jersey fabric into the respective brand's designs, forever solidifying its place in the world of sportswear.
Structure
Jersey is a weft knit fabric that is knitted on a single set of needles with all loops meshing in the same direction.[3] By and large, it is knitted in plain stitch.[4] It is also called plain.[3] On the other hand, the double jersey is knit using two sets of needles, does not curl at the edges (when cut) and has a more stable structure.[4]
Fashion and High-end Applications
With initially gaining popularity among the athletic, jersey fabric eventually found its way into high-end fashion. Many designers wanted to take a change and experiment with the jersey fabric, using its unique design to create elegant dresses, skirts, as well as tops. The way the fabric would drape over the body, as well as its versatility in terms of the design, made it a big favorite among designers--Coco Chanel, and Diane von Furstenberg. Both are large fashion icons that have created a wide-variety of designer clothing, fashion shows, as well as fashioning new ideas for the world of fashion.
Contemporary Usage
For the modernistic era, jersey fabric remains a staple in casual and high-end fashion. The use of the versatility and comfort of the fabric, make it a popular choice for everyday wear, while its ability to be dressed up or down lends itself well to a variety of occasions. From the beautiful sophisticated evening gowns, lounging leggings, all the way to basic t-shirts--further solidifying its favorable use in the world of fashion.
Jersey fabric has found its way into various niche markets, including maternity wear and activewear. Its stretchiness and ability to adapt to changing body shapes make it ideal for maternity clothing, while its moisture-wicking properties make it perfect for workout attire.
Types
The fabric can be a very stretchy single knitting, usually light-weight, jersey with one flat side and one piled side.[5] When made with a lightweight yarn, this is the fabric most often used to make T-shirts.[5]
Or it can be a double knitted jersey (interlock jersey), with less stretch, that creates a heavier fabric of two single jerseys knitted together to leave the two flat sides on the outsides of the fabric, with the piles in the middle.[5] Interlock jersey is sometimes used as a more formal alternative knit to the traditional piqué knit for polo shirts and is generally the preferred knit for those made from pima cotton.
Jersey is considered to be an excellent fabric for draped garments, such as dresses and women's tops.
The following types of jersey can be distinguished:
- Single jersey
- Double jersey
- Interlock jersey
- Jacquard jersey
- Clocqué jersey
- Stretch jersey
Final Notes
Jersey fabric has a lush and rich history, with its lasting impact on the world of clothing and fashion. From humble beginnings on the Jersey Channel Islands, to the widespread use in modern fashion, jersey fabric throughout history has adapted and evolved to meet the changing needs and pallets of the consumers. The soft, stretchy, and versatile fabric has made it a beloved textile for decades of generations, ensuring that its continued relevance to the world of clothing, is extended for years to come.
See also
References
- ^ Portrait of the Channel Islands, Lemprière, London, 1970, ISBN 0-7091-1541-5
- ^ Watson, Linda (1999). Vogue Twentieth Century Fashion. Carlton Books. p. 112. ISBN 1-85868-517-6.
- ^ a b Anstey, H. (Helen) (1997). The Anstey Weston guide to textile terms. Internet Archive. [Great Britain] : Weston. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-9530130-0-5.
- ^ a b Ladbury, Ann (1985). Fabrics. Internet Archive. London : Sidgwick & Jackson. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-283-99196-7.
- ^ a b c Cresswell, Lesley; Watkins, Susanna (2002). Textiles Technology Student Book. GCSE Design & Technology for Edexcel. Heinemann Educational Publishers. pp. 161. ISBN 978-0-435-41786-4.
 | This clothing-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- ^ Imrith, Manoj Kumar; Rosunee, Satyadev; Unmar, Roshan (2023-09-08). "Structural modelling of 100% cotton single jersey fabrics for optimum UV protection". Research Journal of Textile and Apparel. 27 (3): 343–365. doi:10.1108/RJTA-02-2022-0016. ISSN 1560-6074.
- ^ Hoque, Md. Saiful; Hossain, Md. Jakir; Rahman, Md. Mahbubur; Rashid, Md. Mizanur (2022-06-09). "Fiber types and fabric structures influence on weft knitted fabrics". Heliyon. 8 (6): e09605. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09605. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 9204663. PMID 35721674.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Mishra, Rajesh; Jamshaid, Hafsa; Yosfani, Sheraz Hussain Siddique; Hussain, Uzair; Nadeem, Muhammad; Petru, Michal; Tichy, Martin; Muller, Miroslav (2021-11-15). "Thermo physiological comfort of single jersey knitted fabric derivatives". Fashion and Textiles. 8 (1): 40. doi:10.1186/s40691-021-00266-5. ISSN 2198-0802.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)