hydrogen

English

Chemical element
H	Next: helium (He)

Etymology

From French hydrogène, coined by Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau, from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + γεννάω (gennáō, “I bring forth”). Corresponding to hydro- +‎ -gen.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈhaɪdɹədʒ(ə)n/
• (General American) enPR: hī'drəjən, IPA^(key): /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒən/, [ˈhaɪd͡ʒɹəd͡ʒən]

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: hy‧dro‧gen

Noun

hydrogen (countable and uncountable, plural hydrogens)

2. The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.00794.
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:hydrogen.
   1. An atom of the element.
3. Molecular hydrogen (H₂), a colourless, odourless and flammable gas at room temperature.
   1. A molecule of this molecular species
4. The isotope hydrogen-1 (also symbol H), contrasting with deuterium and tritium

   Synonym: protium

   • Hydrogen is generally considered to be electronically the same as deuterium. […] In both PdH_x and PdD_x […] a resistivity maximum is found near 50 K.
5. A sample of the element/molecule.

Synonyms

• E949 (when used as a packaging agent)
• waterstuff

 

element

• element 1

 

molecule

• dihydrogen
• hydrogen hydride

 

Hyponyms

isotopes

• deuterium
• protium
• tritium

 

molecule

• deuterium deuteride
• deuterium hydride
• deuterium protide
• deuterium tritide
• dihydrogen
• hydrogen deuteride
• hydrogen hydride
• hydrogen protide
• hydrogen tritide
• orthohydrogen
• parahydrogen
• protium deuteride
• protium hydride
• protium protide
• protium tritide
• tritium deuteride
• tritium hydride
• tritium protide
• tritium tritride

 

Derived terms

• antihydrogen
• antimoniated hydrogen
• antimoniureted hydrogen, antimoniuretted hydrogen
• arseniureted hydrogen, arseniuretted hydrogen
• biohydrogen
• black hydrogen
• blue hydrogen
• brown hydrogen
• carbureted hydrogen, carburetted hydrogen
• dark hydrogen
• dihydrogen
• disodium hydrogen phosphate
• gray hydrogen
• green hydrogen
• grey hydrogen
• heavy hydrogen
• hycean
• hydricity
• hydrogen-0
• hydrogen-1
• hydrogen-2
• hydrogen-3
• hydrogen acetate
• hydrogen acid
• hydrogen air
• hydrogen arsenate
• hydrogen arsenide
• hydrogenate
• hydrogenation
• hydrogen balloon
• hydrogen bomb
• hydrogen bond
• hydrogen-bonded
• hydrogen-bonding
• hydrogen bromide
• hydrogen burning
• hydrogen car
• hydrogen carbonate
• hydrogen chlorate
• hydrogen chloride
• hydrogen chlorite
• hydrogen cyanide
• hydrogen cycle
• hydrogen dioxide
• hydrogen disulfide, hydrogen disulphide
• hydrogen economy
• hydrogen electrode
• hydrogen embrittlement
• hydrogeneted, hydrogenetted
• hydrogen fluoride
• hydrogen gas
• hydrogen gas electrode
• hydrogen halide
• hydrogen harmonicon
• hydrogen hydroxide
• hydrogenian
• hydrogenic
• hydrogenide
• hydrogeniferous
• hydrogen iodate
• hydrogen iodide
• hydrogen ion
• hydrogenise, hydrogenize
• hydrogenium
• hydrogen lamp
• hydrogenless
• hydrogen-like
• hydrogen line
• hydrogenlyase
• hydrogen maser atomic clock
• hydrogen monoxide
• hydrogen nitrate
• hydrogenolysis
• hydrogenonium
• hydrogenosome
• hydrogenotrophic
• hydrogenous
• hydrogenoxalate
• hydrogen oxide
• hydrogen peroxide
• hydrogen phosphate
• hydrogen potassium carbonate
• hydrogen protoxide
• hydrogenselenate
• hydrogen selenide
• hydrogen sodium arsenate
• hydrogen spectral series
• hydrogen spectrum
• hydrogen station
• hydrogensulfate
• hydrogen sulfate, hydrogen sulphate
• hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen sulphide
• hydrogensulfite
• hydrogen sulfite, hydrogen sulphite
• hydrogen telluride
• hydrogen vehicle
• hydrogen warhead
• hydrolley
• hydroquinone
• hydrosulfide, hydrosulphide
• hydrosulphureted, hydrosulphuretted
• hydroxy-
• hydroxyl
• hyperhydrogen
• kaonic hydrogen
• lead hydrogen arsenate
• metallic hydrogen
• monohydrogen
• nascent hydrogen
• non-hydrogen
• nonhydrogen
• normal hydrogen
• normal hydrogen electrode
• nuclear hydrogen detection meter
• organohydrogen
• orthohydrogen
• oxy-hydrogen
• oxyhydrogen
• parahydrogen
• phosphorated hydrogen
• phosphoretted hydrogen
• phosphureted hydrogen, phosphuretted hydrogen
• photohydrogen
• potassium hydrogen carbonate
• radiohydrogen
• red hydrogen
• seleniureted hydrogen, seleniuretted hydrogen
• sodium hydrogen arsenate
• sodium hydrogen carbonate
• sodium hydrogen phosphate
• sodium hydrogen sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulphite
• solid hydrogen
• standard hydrogen electrode
• sulfide of hydrogen, sulphide of hydrogen
• sulfureted hydrogen, sulphuretted hydrogen
• tellureted hydrogen, telluretted hydrogen
• telluride of hydrogen
• trihydrogen

 

Related terms

• hydrate
• hydr-, hydro-
• hydric
• hydride
• hydriodic
• hydrion
• hydrogenase
• hydrogenite
• hydronium

 

Descendants

• → Burmese: ဟိုက်ဒရိုဂျင် (huikda.ruigyang)

Translations

chemical element

• Abkhaz: аӡри (adzri)
• Afrikaans: waterstof (af)
• Albanian: hidrogjen (sq)
• Amharic: ሃይድሮጅን (haydəroǧn)
• Arabic: هِيدْرُوجِين (ar) m (hidrožēn), هَيْدْرُوجِين (ar) m (haydrojīn)
• Aragonese: hidrochén m
• Armenian: ջրածին (hy) (ǰracin)
• Asturian: hidróxenu (ast) m
• Azerbaijani:

  Abjad: مولدالماء (muvallidulma'a)

  Roman: hidrogen (az), müvəllidülma

• Basque: hidrogeno (eu)
• Bavarian: Wassastoff m
• Belarusian: вадаро́д (be) m (vadaród)
• Bengali: উদজান (bn) (udojan), হাইড্রোজেন (bn) (haiḍrōjen)
• Bhojpuri: उदजन (udᵊjan)
• Breton: hidrogen m
• Bulgarian: водоро́д m (vodoród)
• Burmese: ဟိုက်ဒရိုဂျင် (my) (huikda.ruigyang)
• Buryat: уһантүрэгшэ (uhantüregše)
• Carpathian Rusyn: гідроґе́н m (hidrogén), во́день m (vódenʹ)
• Catalan: hidrogen (ca) m
• Cebuano: idroheno, hidroheno
• Cherokee: ᏭᏓᏌᎧᎯᏴ ᎤᏃᎴ (wudasakahiyv unole)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 氫／氢 (yue) (hing¹)

  Eastern Min: 氫／氢 (kĭng)

  Hakka: 氫／氢 (khîn)

  Hokkien: 水素 (zh-min-nan) (chúi-sò͘), 氫／氢 (kheng, khin)

  Mandarin: 氫／氢 (zh) (qīng)

  Wu: 氫／氢 (¹chin)

• Chuvash: водород (vodorod)
• Cornish: hidrojen m
• Corsican: idrogenu m
• Czech: vodík (cs) m
• Danish: brint (da), hydrogen (da)
• Dogri: उदजन (udjan)
• Dutch: waterstof (nl) n
• Dutch Low Saxon: waeterstof
• Erzya: ведь чачтый (veď čačtij)
• Esperanto: hidrogeno (eo)
• Estonian: vesinik (et)
• Farefare: ko'om-walʋm
• Faroese: vetni n, loftevni n, vatnevni n, brint n, hydrogen n
• Finnish: vety (fi)
• French: hydrogène (fr) m
• Friulian: idrogjen m
• Galician: hidróxeno (gl) m
• Garhwali: उदजन (udjan)
• Georgian: წყალბადი (c̣q̇albadi)
• German: Wasserstoff (de) m, Hydrogen n, Hydrogenium (de) n

  Central Franconian: Wasserstoff

  Rhine Franconian: Wassaschdoff (Palatine)

• Greek: υδρογόνο (el) n (ydrogóno)
• Greenlandic: brinti
• Guaraní: tatavevýi
• Gujarati: ઉદજન (udajan)
• Haitian Creole: idwojèn
• Hawaiian: haikokene
• Hebrew: מֵימָן (he) m (meiman)
• Hindi: उदजन f (udjan), हाइड्रोजन (hi) f (hāiḍrojan)
• Hungarian: hidrogén (hu), köneny, gyulany
• Icelandic: vetni (is) n
• Ido: hidrogeno (io)
• Indonesian: hidrogen (id), zat air (id)
• Ingrian: vodoroda
• Interlingua: hydrogeno
• Inuktitut: ᐳᓪᓚᕐᓂᐅᕿᓐᓂᖅᐹᖅ (pollarnioqinniqpaaq)
• Irish: hidrigin (ga)
• Italian: idrogeno (it) m
• Japanese: 水素 (ja) (すいそ, suiso)
• Javanese: hidrogen
• Jumli: उदजन (udjan)
• Kachchi: ઉદજન (udajan)
• Kalmyk: үстөр (üstör)
• Kannada: ಜಲಜನಕ (kn) (jalajanaka)
• Kashubian: wòdzyk m
• Kazakh: сутегі (sutegı), сутек (sutek)
• Khmer: អ៊ីដ្រូសែន (idrusaen)
• Komi-Permyak: ваувтыр (vauvtyr)
• Komi-Zyrian: вачужысь (vaćužyś)
• Korean: 수소(水素) (ko) (suso)
• Kumaoni: उदजन (udjan)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: hîdrojen (ku)

• Kyrgyz: суутек (ky) (suutek)
• Lao: ອິດໂລເຊນ (ʼit lō sēn), ອິດໂຣເຊນ (ʼit rō sēn)
• Latgalian: iudineklis
• Latin: hydrogenium (la) n
• Latvian: ūdeņradis (lv) m
• Limburgish: waterstof
• Lingala: idrojɛ́ní class 9a
• Lithuanian: vandenilis (lt)
• Lombard: idrògen m
• Low German:

  German Low German: Waterstoff m, Woterstoff m

• Luxembourgish: Waasserstoff (lb)
• Macedonian: водород (mk) m (vodorod)
• Malay: hidrogen (ms), zat air
• Malayalam: ജലവായു (jalavāyu), ഹൈഡ്രജൻ (ml) (haiḍrajaṉ)
• Maltese: idroġenu (mt) m
• Manx: hiddragien
• Maori: hauwai (mi)
• Marathi: उदजन (udjan)
• Mingrelian: წყარბადიშ (c̣q̇arbadiš)
• Moksha: ведьшачфты (veďšačfti)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: устөрөгч (mn) (ustörögč)

  Mongolian: ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭᠴᠢ (usutöröɣči)

• Nahuatl: āyōcoxqui
• Navajo: háájiʼjin
• Nepali: उदजन (ne) (udajan)
• North Frisian: wååderstuf
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hydrogen (no) n, vanntoff n, vass-stoff n, vasstoff n

  Nynorsk: hydrogen (nn) n, vass-stoff n, vasstoff n, brenne n

• Occitan: idrogèn (oc) m
• Odia: ଉଦ୍ଜାନ (udjāna)
• Ossetian: донгуыр (dong°yr)
• Ottoman Turkish: مولدالما (müvellidü'l-mâ')
• Papiamentu: hidrogeno
• Pashto: هايډروجن m (hayḍroǰán)
• Persian: هیدروژن (fa) (hidrožen)
• Pitcairn-Norfolk: hiidrojen
• Polish: wodór (pl) m
• Pontic Greek: υδρογόνον (ydrogónon)
• Portuguese:

  Brazilian: hidrogênio (pt) m

  European: hidrogénio (pt) m

• Punjabi: ਉਦਜਨ (udajan)
• Quechua: yakuchaq, idruhinu
• Romanian: hidrogen (ro) n
• Russian: водоро́д (ru) m (vodoród)
• Samogitian: ondėnilis
• Sanskrit: उदजन (udajana)
• Santali: ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱚᱡᱮᱱ (hayḍrôjen)
• Saterland Frisian: Woaterstof
• Scottish Gaelic: haidreagain
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: водоник m, во̀дӣк m

  Roman: vodonik (sh) m, vòdīk (sh) m

• Sicilian: idrògginu (scn) m
• Sindhi: उदजन (udjan)
• Sinhalese: ජලකර (si) (jalakara)
• Slovak: vodík (sk) m
• Slovene: vodik (sl) m
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: wóźik m

  Upper Sorbian: wodźik m

• Sotho: sehlolametsi
• Spanish: hidrógeno (es) m
• Sranan Tongo: watraskotriki
• Sundanese: hidrogén
• Swahili: hidrojeni (sw) class 9
• Swedish: väte (sv) n
• Tagalog: idroheno (tl)
• Tajik: гидроген (tg) (gidrogen), ҳидроген (hidrogen)
• Tamil: நீரகம் (ta) (nīrakam), ஹைட்ரஜன் (haiṭrajaṉ)
• Telugu: ఉదజని (udajani), హైడ్రోజన్ (te) (haiḍrōjan)
• Thai: ไฮโดรเจน (th) (hai-droo-jeen)
• Tibetan: ཡང་རླུང (yang rlung) Literally, “light air”
• Tongan: ʻeavai
• Turkish: hidrojen (tr), müvellidülmâ (tr)
• Turkmen: wodorod
• Ukrainian: во́день (uk) (vódenʹ)
• Urdu: ہائیڈروجن f (hāiḍrojan)
• Uyghur: ھىدروگېن (hidrogën)
• Uzbek: vodorod (uz)

  Cyrillic: водород (uz) (vodorod)

• Veps: vezinik
• Vietnamese: hiđrô (vi), hyđrô (vi), hi-đrô (vi), hy-đrô (vi), khinh khí (vi) (obsolete; usually refers to the gas), hiđrô (vi)
• Volapük: hidrin (vo)
• Võro: vesinik
• Walloon: idrodjinne (wa)
• Welsh: hydrogen (cy), (obsolete) ulai
• West Flemish: woaterstof
• West Frisian: wetterstof n
• Xhosa: umngxengamoya
• Yiddish: הידראָגען (hidrogen), וואַסערשטאָף (vasershtof)

molecular hydrogen

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 氫氣／氢气 (hing¹ hei³) (gas)

  Hakka: 氫氣／氢气 (khîn-hi) (gas)

  Hokkien: 氫氣／氢气 (kheng-khì) (gas)

  Mandarin: 氫氣／氢气 (zh) (qīngqì) (gas)

• Finnish: vety (fi)
• French: hydrogène (fr) m
• German: Wasserstoff (de) m
• Hindi: उदजन (udjan)
• Japanese: 水素 (ja) (すいそ, suiso)
• Korean: 수소(水素) (ko) (suso)
• Latin: hydrogenium (la) n

atom of hydrogen

• Afrikaans: waterstof-atoom
• Finnish: vetyatomi
• German: Wasserstoffatom (de) n
• Korean: 수소원자(水素原子) (susowonja)
• Portuguese:

  Brazilian: hidrogênio (pt) m

  European: hidrogénio (pt) m

See also

Periodic table of elements in English · periodic table of elements (layout · text)
Period Group	1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1	1   H hydrogen		Color of the number (state of matter at STP): liquid, gas, solid, synthetic, not yet been discovered																2   He helium
2	3   Li lithium	4   Be beryllium	Blocks: d-block f-block p-block s-block											5   B boron	6   C carbon	7   N nitrogen	8   O oxygen	9   F fluorine	10   Ne neon
3	11   Na sodium	12   Mg magnesium												13   Al aluminum	14   Si silicon	15   P phosphorus	16   S sulfur	17   Cl chlorine	18   Ar argon
4	19   K potassium	20   Ca calcium		21   Sc scandium	22   Ti titanium	23   V vanadium	24   Cr chromium	25   Mn manganese	26   Fe iron	27   Co cobalt	28   Ni nickel	29   Cu copper	30   Zn zinc	31   Ga gallium	32   Ge germanium	33   As arsenic	34   Se selenium	35   Br bromine	36   Kr krypton
5	37   Rb rubidium	38   Sr strontium		39   Y yttrium	40   Zr zirconium	41   Nb niobium	42   Mo molybdenum	43   Tc technetium	44   Ru ruthenium	45   Rh rhodium	46   Pd palladium	47   Ag silver	48   Cd cadmium	49   In indium	50   Sn tin	51   Sb antimony	52   Te tellurium	53   I iodine	54   Xe xenon
6	55   Cs cesium	56   Ba barium	*	71   Lu lutetium	72   Hf hafnium	73   Ta tantalum	74   W tungsten	75   Re rhenium	76   Os osmium	77   Ir iridium	78   Pt platinum	79   Au gold	80   Hg mercury	81   Tl thallium	82   Pb lead	83   Bi bismuth	84   Po polonium	85   At astatine	86   Rn radon
7	87   Fr francium	88   Ra radium	**	103   Lr lawrencium	104   Rf rutherfordium	105   Db dubnium	106   Sg seaborgium	107   Bh bohrium	108   Hs hassium	109   Mt meitnerium	110   Ds darmstadtium	111   Rg roentgenium	112   Cn copernicium	113   Nh nihonium	114   Fl flerovium	115   Mc moscovium	116   Lv livermorium	117   Ts tennessine	118   Og oganesson
* lanthanides				57   La lanthanum	58   Ce cerium	59   Pr praseodymium	60   Nd neodymium	61   Pm promethium	62   Sm samarium	63   Eu europium	64   Gd gadolinium	65   Tb terbium	66   Dy dysprosium	67   Ho holmium	68   Er erbium	69   Tm thulium	70   Yb ytterbium
** actinides				89   Ac actinium	90   Th thorium	91   Pa protactinium	92   U uranium	93   Np neptunium	94   Pu plutonium	95   Am americium	96   Cm curium	97   Bk berkelium	98   Cf californium	99   Es einsteinium	100   Fm fermium	101   Md mendelevium	102   No nobelium

References

• Hydrogen on the British Royal Society of Chemistry's online periodic table

Further reading

• hydrogen on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Danish

Noun

hydrogen n (singular definite hydrogenet, not used in plural form)

1. hydrogen

   Synonym: brint

Norwegian Bokmål

Chemical element
H	Next: helium (He)

Noun

hydrogen n (definite singular hydrogenet) (uncountable)

1. hydrogen (chemical element, symbol H)

Derived terms

• hydrogencyanid
• hydrogenkarbonat
• hydrogenklorid
• hydrogensulfid
• hydroksid

 

Norwegian Nynorsk

Chemical element
H	Next: helium (He)

Noun

hydrogen n (definite singular hydrogenet) (uncountable)

1. hydrogen (chemical element, symbol H)

Derived terms

• hydrogencyanid
• hydrogenkarbonat
• hydrogenklorid
• hydrogensulfid
• hydroksid

 

Welsh

Chemical element
H	Next: heliwm (He)

Etymology

Borrowed from English hydrogen, from French hydrogène, from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + γεννάω (gennáō, “I bring forth”).

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈhədrɔˌɡɛn/, /ˈhɨ̞drɔˌɡɛn/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈhədrɔˌɡɛn/, /ˈhɪdrɔˌɡɛn/
• Rhymes: -ədrɔɡɛn, -ɨ̞drɔɡɛn

Noun

hydrogen m (uncountable, not mutable)

1. hydrogen

   Synonyms: ulai, ulnwy

Derived terms

• adnewyddu hydrogen (“hydrogen renewability”)
• alcyleiddio hydrogen fflworid (“hydrogen fluoride alkylation”)
• bond hydrogen (“hydrogen bond”)
• derbynnydd hydrogen (“hydrogen acceptor”)
• halid hydrogen (“hydrogen halide”)
• hydrogen bromid (“hydrogen bromide”)
• hydrogen clorid (“hydrogen chloride”)
• hydrogen fflworid (“hydrogen fluoride”)
• hydrogen ïodid (“hydrogen iodide”)
• hydrogen perocsid (“hydrogen peroxide”)
• hydrogen sylffid (“hydrogen sulphide”)
• hydrogenaidd (“hydrogenous”)
• hydrogeneiddio (“hydrogenise, hydrogenate”)
• ïon hydrogen (“hydrogen ion”)

 

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hydrogen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies