About the Authors

Patrick Baylis

Contributed equally to this work with: Patrick Baylis, Nick Obradovich

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vancouver School of Economics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Nick Obradovich

Contributed equally to this work with: Patrick Baylis, Nick Obradovich

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

[email protected]

Affiliation Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Yury Kryvasheyeu

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Data61, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia

Haohui Chen

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Data61, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia

Lorenzo Coviello

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, NY, United States of America

Esteban Moro

Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America, Department of Mathematics and GISC, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain

Manuel Cebrian

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

James H. Fowler

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Departments of Political Science and Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.