Advancing Research on Chronic Conditions in Women (2024) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 1-15
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These experiences ultimately affect diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and management of chronic conditions in women across the life course. Data on female-specific and gynecologic conditions are limited and have wide prevalence ranges, which represent the challenges in measuring the impact of certain chronic conditions in women.
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The SOT also tasked the committee with describing how social determinants of health such as gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, gender identity, and rurality influence chronic conditions in women. Last, the SOT tasked the committee with describing gaps in evidence and providing a research agenda for the future.
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However, further investigation is warranted to deepen that understanding. Furthermore, women's multiple social identities intersect with experiences that are shaped by structural and social determinants of health and 3 For the purposes of this report, the committee chose to refer to female-specific and gynecologic conditions.
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The disenfranchisement women feel when clinicians dismiss or minimize symptoms can lead to misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, and poorer health outcomes when women defer care or are denied appropriate care. Data inclusion and reporting in national surveillance and other population-based studies are inconsistent on the impact of conditions that significantly affect women.
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Current data systems fail to collect data on a number of female-specific and gynecologic conditions or publish disaggregated data on chronic conditions that predominantly impact or affect women differently. Recommendation 1.2: To improve data collection on female-specific and gynecologic chronic conditions and those that predominantly impact or affect women differently, NIH and other relevant research agencies should support national surveillance and population-based studies to expand data collection activities to include female-specific and gynecologic conditions and female-predominant conditions not currently included.
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Recommendation 2.1: To further elucidate the pathophysiology and biologic mechanisms underlying chronic conditions that predominantly affect or impact women differently, NIH and other relevant research agencies should support research to understand the independent and interacting roles of gonadal hormones and sex chromosome genes causing sex differences and chronic conditions affecting women more than men. The understanding of the etiology of several female-specific and gynecologic conditions and conditions that predominantly affect or impact women differently is incomplete.
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Recommendation 2.4: To address the lack of suitable animal models and other preclinical systems for exploring the biological mechanisms underlying chronic conditions in women, NIH and other relevant research agencies should support research to: 2.4a. Develop or improve experimental animal models to gain better insights into biological and physiological processes that lead to female-specific and gynecologic conditions such as disruptions in menstruation, endometriosis, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility.
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impose dramatic changes in a women's body and functioning and can influence the risk of developing certain chronic conditions across the life course. Recommendation 3.1: To better understand the exact mechanisms hormonal fluctuations play in the development of chronic conditions in women, NIH and other relevant research agencies should support research to: 3.1a.
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Conclusion 4: Structural and social determinants of health influence the development, progression, and management of chronic conditions in women. Recommendation 4: To better understand how the structural and social determinants of health affect outcomes in women from various social identities, NIH and other relevant research agencies should support research to understand how multiple social identities (race and ethnicity, cultural norms, gender identity, sexual PREPUBLICATION COPY: UNCORRECTED PROOFS
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Recommendation 5: Data regarding the link between life experiences and chronic conditions in women are not robust, and thus NIH and other relevant research agencies should support research to explore the role of traumatic experiences as risk factors in the development of chronic conditions throughout the life course. Health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, such as physical activity, dietary behaviors, and other factors, are associated with a decreased risk of chronic conditions.
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Recommendation 8.1: To understand the cellular processes that have been postulated to be possible targets that could play a role in preventing or ameliorating multiple chronic conditions in women, NIH and other relevant research agencies should support research to: 8.1a. Understand the biological mechanisms involved in the development of multiple chronic conditions in women, including aging-related mechanisms and inflammation.
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Recommendation 8.2 To improve the diagnosis of multiple chronic conditions in women, NIH and other relevant research agencies should support research to: 8.2a. Develop new measurement tools for multiple chronic conditions that include female-specific and gynecologic conditions to more fully understand the impact in women.
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Conclusion 9: A health equity lens is important for improving health care access, care, and outcomes including patient-centered outcomes in women. Recommendation 9: To address inequities that continue to exist for women in the health care setting, NIH and other relevant research agencies should provide research support to: 9a.
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10b. Involve women with multiple chronic conditions, including their communities, in the design, implementation, and dissemination of research findings.
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