01906840

Component

https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231224739

On-ramp merging zones have long been accident-prone spots as well as major triggers of traffic congestion in freeway networks. This paper proposes a collision-free merging control for connected and autonomous vehicles based on trajectory optimization to facilitate traffic safety and efficiency. The optimization is embedded in a model predictive control algorithm with the aim of maximizing the average travel speeds of all vehicles in the planning horizon. To guarantee collision-free merging, the merging control allows only one vehicle to pass the merging zone at a time. Safety constraints, including minimum time gaps and minimum distances between vehicles, are also considered. A rolling horizon control framework is established to enable dynamic traffic control; specifically, generating optimal acceleration decisions for each time step. The optimization problem is formulated as mixed-integer linear programming to enable efficient computation. Numerical studies and sensitivity analysis were conducted to validate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method. The results show that the introduced safety constraints can guarantee collision-free merging. Compared to the traditional method, Ih is built on the intelligent driver model and the minimizing overall braking induced by lane-change model, the proposed optimization-based approach results in 5.0%–22.2% improvements with respect to average travel speeds during the merging process. The safety and efficiency improvements are more significant when dealing with higher demand levels. Notably, compared to the difference in initial speeds between the mainline and on-ramp vehicles, the length of the acceleration lane has a greater impact on the control performance.

Cheng Zhang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-2468© National Academy of Sciences: Transportation Research Board 2024.

English

0000-0002-6529-2468

0000-0001-8455-9810

0000-0003-0741-4911

pp 1077-1087

2024-8

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board

Web

References (46)

Autonomous vehicles; Connected vehicles; Freeway operations; Merging control; Optimization; Ramp metering

Model Predictive Control

Data and Information Technology; Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Safety and Human Factors; Vehicles and Equipment

TRIS, TRB

Jan 31 2024 3:05PM