Colombia travel advice
Latest updates: The Health section was updated - travel health information (Public Health Agency of Canada)
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- Risk level
- Safety and security
- Entry and exit requirements
- Health
- Laws and culture
- Natural disasters and climate
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Risk level
Colombia - Exercise a high degree of caution
Exercise a high degree of caution in Colombia due to high levels of crime.
Border areas - Avoid all travel
Avoid all travel to the following departments and border areas due to the risk of kidnapping and violent crime posed by the presence of illegal armed groups and other criminal organizations:
- Arauca
- Caquetá, excluding the city of Florencia
- Cauca, excluding the city of Popayan
- Chocó, excluding the towns of:
- Bahía Solano
- Capurganá
- Nuquí
- within 50 km of the border with Venezuela, excluding the city of Cúcuta
- within 100 km of the border with Panama
- within 50 km of the border with Ecuador, excluding the border crossing at Ipiales
- Norte de Santander, excluding the city of Cúcuta
- the Port of Tumaco and the city of Buenaventura
Regional advisory - Avoid non-essential travel
Avoid non-essential travel to the following departments and cities due to drug-related criminal activity by illegal armed groups and other criminal organizations:
- Antioquia, north of the city of Buriticá, west of highway 62 and west of highway 60 along the borders with Choco, Risaralda and Caldas departments, excluding the cities of:
- Andes
- Hispania
- Jardín
- Córdoba, south and west of the city of Montería
- city of Cúcuta
- city of Florencia
- city of Ipiales and Ipiales border crossing
- city of Popayan
- Guainía
- Guaviare
- Meta, excluding:
- Caño Cristales
- city of Villavicencio
- Nariño, excluding the city of Pasto
- Putumayo
- the following towns in Chocó:
- Bahía Solano
- Capurganá
- Nuquí
- Valle del Cauca, excluding the cities of:
- Buga
- Cali
- Palmira
- Vaupés
- Vichada
If you intend to travel to any of the above excluded areas, do so by air.
Safety and security
Online dating applications
There has been an increase of deaths related to online dating applications used by criminals to identify and lure foreigners looking to meet local people. On a date, the victim is drugged with scopolamine or another incapacitating drug, potentially leading to an overdose and becoming a victim of robbery and express kidnapping.
Incidents occur most frequently in larger cities, including but not limited to:
- Medellin
- Cartagena
- Bogota
If you are in Colombia:
- be cautious if using online dating apps
- avoid meetings in isolated locations
- don’t bring new acquaintances to your accommodations
- inform a family member or friend of your plans, including details of with whom and where your date is
Crime
Crime rates are high throughout the country, particularly in the main cities. In some cases, extreme violence leading to death has occurred.
Violent crime
Muggings and assaults occur even in the safer areas of Colombia’s cities. These incidents can turn violent. Firearms and other weapons are common in Colombia. Armed robberies are frequent and may occur in:
- streets
- buses
- taxis
- restaurants
- shopping malls
Criminals won’t hesitate to use weapons on victims who refuse to co-operate.
- Avoid walking alone in isolated or deserted areas
- Avoid travelling alone after dark
- Dress down and avoid wearing jewellery or watches
- Keep cell phones, cameras and other electronic equipment out of sight
- Avoid carrying large amounts of cash
- Use ATMs inside banks, shopping malls and other public locations during business hours only
- If you're robbed, hand over cash, electronic devices and valuables without resistance
Petty crime
Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and purse and cell phone snatching, is common in all parts of the country. Drive-by snatching by thieves on motorcycles occurs regularly. They occur in both impoverished and wealthier parts of the country.
- Ensure that your belongings, including your passport and other travel documents, are secure at all times
- Stay in reputable accommodations with good security
- Keep windows and doors locked at all times
Dating applications
Online dating applications are often used by criminals to identify and lure foreigners travelling alone and looking to meet local people. Victims often build virtual relationships and attend multiple dates with the same person, often in public places. Once trust is established, the victim is drugged with scopolamine, or another incapacitating drug, and is robbed and/or kidnapped. Drugging of victims has led to overdose and death.
Scopolamine and other incapacitating drugs
Scopolamine is a drug that temporarily incapacitates victims leaving them disoriented and unable to make clear decisions for 24 hours or more. Once the victim is incapacitated, they are vulnerable to crime, including:
- robbery
- assault
- express-kidnapping
- extortion
Overdoes have also been reported.
Criminals often target those travelling alone and may put drugs into a variety of items, including:
- food and drinks
- hand sanitizer
- women’s make-up
Incidents are most likely to occur:
- in nightclubs
- in bars and restaurants
- on public transportation, including taxis
- on the street
Criminals often work in teams, with women easing the victim into a false sense of security. Incidents occur most frequently in larger cities, including but not limited to:
- Medellin
- Cartagena
- Bogota
If you are in Colombia:
- never leave food or drinks unattended or in the care of strangers
- be wary of accepting snacks, beverages, gum, cigarettes or anything else from new acquaintances or someone in the street
Vulnerable neighborhoods
Vulnerable neighborhoods (commonly known as “comunas”), are characterized by informal housing developments, crowded quarters, poorer conditions, and/or irregular construction.
Gang-related violence and organized crime are prevalent in these areas and police assistance is very limited.
Avoid renting accommodations in vulnerable neighborhoods, and travelling to these areas, even on a guided tour.
Kidnapping
There is a risk of kidnapping for ransom in Colombia.
Armed groups may target foreigners in all parts of the country, especially those who work for oil and mining companies. Business travellers and Canadian companies establishing operations in Colombia should take enhanced security measures to protect both personnel and company assets.
Choose living accommodations that have significant security measures in place and modern office facilities.
Express kidnappings
Express kidnappings are frequent and often occur in affluent areas, as well as in tourist areas. Criminals kidnap the victim from the street or a taxi and force the person to withdraw funds from an ATM. The victim is sometimes held overnight so that a second withdrawal can be made the next day.
- Avoid hailing taxis on the street
- If you're threatened by armed criminals, stay calm and don’t resist
Terrorism
There is a threat of domestic terrorism. Terrorist groups are active in some parts of the country, often using explosives during periodic attacks.
Further attacks are likely. Targets could include:
- government buildings, including schools
- places of worship
- military and police stations and vehicles
- airports and other transportation hubs and networks
- infrastructure, including roads and energy facilities
- public areas such as tourist attractions, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, shopping centres, markets, hotels and other sites frequented by foreigners
Always be aware of your surroundings when in public places. Be particularly vigilant during:
- civic holidays
- public celebrations
- major political events, such as elections
Terrorists may use such occasions to mount attacks.
Illegal armed groups
Illegal armed groups pose a major risk to travellers. These groups carry out violent attacks, such as bombings, and finance themselves through extortions and kidnappings. Attacks often result in casualties.
- Remain on well-travelled roads and paths when visiting remote locations
- Be aware of your surroundings at all times
Fraud
Credit card and ATM fraud occurs frequently. Card overcharging also happens, especially in popular tourist areas, where scammers target tourists by charging them elevated prices for services, food and drink. Ask for a printed price list before ordering.
When using debit or credit card:
- don’t accept assistance from strangers
- pay careful attention when others are handling your cards
- use ATMs located in well-lit public areas or inside a bank or business
- avoid using card readers with an irregular or unusual feature
- cover the keypad with one hand when entering your PIN
- check for any unauthorized transactions on your account statements
Fraudulent police officers
Individuals posing as police officers have approached foreigners to verify their documents or foreign currency with the intent to rob them.
If you face this situation:
- don’t hand over your money or documents unless you feel threatened
- request to provide your documents or currency at the nearest police station, your hotel or another public place
Demonstrations
Demonstrations and strikes take place regularly throughout Colombia, especially in large cities.
Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation.
- Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
- Follow the instructions of local authorities
- Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations
Mass gatherings (large-scale events)
Ayahuasca ceremonies
Spiritual cleansing and ayahuasca ceremonies, offered by shamans and other individuals, have led to serious illness, injury, assault and even the deaths of several tourists.
Ceremonies involve consuming substances that can cause medical complications and severely impair cognitive and physical abilities. They often take place in remote areas with no access to medical or mental health facilities or resources. Often, there is no access to communications with local authorities or emergency services. Facilities generally lack basic first aid or emergency plans to help those suffering from physical or psychological illness during these ceremonies.
Ayahuasca ceremonies are not regulated and individuals offering them are not licensed. There is no way to assess the safety of any of the services, the operators or the shamans.
Avoid participating in spiritual cleansing or ayahuasca ceremonies.
Women’s safety
Women travelling alone may be subject to some forms of harassment or verbal abuse.
Incidents of attacks and sexual assault, including rape, have been reported throughout the country, particularly in tourist areas.
- Always remain vigilant
- Avoid walking alone at night
- Keep your hotel doors and windows locked
- Do not accept offers of transportation from strangers
If you are a victim of a sexual assault or other crime, you may report it immediately to the nearest Canadian office.
Water safety
Swimming
Some beaches are unsupervised. Many beaches do not have warning flags to alert of unsafe conditions. Lifeguard services do not always meet Canadian standards. Tidal changes can cause powerful currents, and riptides are common.
- Respect the areas reserved for swimming
- Monitor weather conditions
- Avoid beaches and coastal areas if the weather forecast is poor
- Do not dive in unfamiliar waters as hidden rocks or shallow water can cause serious injury or death
- Consult residents and tour operators for information on possible hazards and safe swimming areas
- Follow the instructions of local authorities
Recreational boating
Due to unlicensed tour boats not meeting safety standards, boating accidents have occurred, including in:
- Cartagena
- San Andrés
- Santa Marta
If you are planning to go boating:
- choose a reputable boating company
- ensure that your tour operator follows up-to-date safety regulations
- don’t board vessels that appear overloaded or unseaworthy
Adventure tourism
Outdoor activities can be dangerous if unprepared, such as:
- white water rafting
- scuba diving
- snorkelling
- hiking
- mountain biking
If you intend to participate in adventure tourism activities:
- share your itinerary with a friend or family member if hiking alone
- obtain detailed information on your activity and on the environment in which you will be setting out
- buy travel insurance that covers incidents related to this type of recreational activity
- monitor weather conditions and other possible hazards
- ensure that you have proper equipment and bring sufficient water
Road safety
Road conditions and road safety can vary greatly throughout the country, due to:
- road signs that are difficult to see or non-existent
- lack of lighting and guard rails
- livestock on the roadside in rural areas
- pedestrians walking on the street
Road conditions
Driving conditions may be particularly hazardous during the rainy seasons, from April to May and from October to November.
Road habits
Drivers are extremely aggressive and reckless. They often speed and are frequently distracted and ignore traffic controls.
Motorcycles are common and are often involved in traffic accidents.
Pedestrians don’t have the right of way, including at stop signs.
When travelling by car in Colombia:
- avoid driving at night
- avoid driving on secondary roads as they are often targeted by criminals
- don’t pick up hitchhikers
- keep your doors locked and windows closed at all times
- always place all belongings under your seat
- carry a cell phone
- park your car in a guarded parking lot when in a city
Roadblocks
Local authorities may deny you entry to certain areas due to emerging security threats. Military checkpoints outside cities are common.
Strikes occur often in Colombia and associated roadblocks on major transit routes may cause significant travel disruptions.
Unauthorized roadblocks and bandits also pose a threat.
If you’re planning to travel by land in Colombia:
- dial 767 from your cell phone to receive advice on current road closures from the Colombian Highway Police information line (in Spanish)
- never hitchhike
- consult local media
- follow the instructions of local authorities
Public transportation
You should avoid public transportation.
Buses and coaches
City and rural buses are frequent targets for theft. Incidents of passengers being drugged and robbed have occurred.
- Don’t accept snacks, beverages, gum, or cigarettes from new acquaintances
- Avoid storing bags in the overhead compartment or under your seat
Taxis
Express kidnappings and assaults often occur in unlicensed taxis.
- Avoid hailing taxis on the street
- Only use reputable taxi companies through establishments such as hotels or a ride-sharing app
If you have no choice but to hail a taxi on the street:
- avoid taxis without licence plates
- never enter a taxi if it already has a passenger
- note the licence plate number and name of the driver when you travel and immediately communicate this information to family or friends
El Dorado International Airport in Bogota allows only authorized taxis to pick up passengers at its terminals.
Arrange pickup in advance with your travel agency or hotel.
Air travel
We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.
Entry and exit requirements
Entry restrictions at land and river borders with Ecuador
On January 11, 2024, the Government of Ecuador announced new entry restrictions in response to the ongoing state of internal armed conflict.
All foreigners entering Ecuador at crossing points with land or river borders with Colombia will need to present a criminal records check from their country of origin or residence. The original criminal record check and the Spanish translation must be apostilled and cover the past five years. Minors travelling with their family members will generally be exempt.
If you cannot provide a criminal record check, the Ecuadorian Migration System will check to verify that you don’t have previous convictions.
Useful links
- Requirements to enter and exit Ecuador – Ministry of Interior (in Spanish)
- Entry requirements to Ecuador through land borders – Ministry of tourism (in Spanish)
- Migration information – Ecuador Immigration Agency (in Spanish)
- Changes to authentication services in Canada
- Apostilles for documents
Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.
We have obtained the information on this page from the Colombian authorities. It can, however, change at any time.
Verify this information with the Foreign Representatives in Canada.
Passport
Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.
Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.
Regular Canadian passport
Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months beyond the date you expect to leave Colombia.
Passport for official travel
Different entry rules may apply.
Passport with “X” gender identifier
While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.
Other travel documents
Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.
Useful links
Visas
Tourist visa: not required for stays of up to 90 days
Business or work visa: required
Student visa: required
Electronic Immigration Form
You must complete a free electronic immigration form (Check-Mig) within 72 hours to 1 hour before:
- boarding a flight to or from Colombia
- entering into Colombia via land, maritime or river crossings
You will need the following information to complete the form:
- flight details
- a valid passport
- a valid email address
- the address where you will be staying in Colombia
- a phone number
Electronic Immigration Form – Colombia Migration Agency
Entry fee
As of November 14, 2023, you must pay an entry fee equivalent to $85 CAD in Colombian Pesos upon arrival in Colombia. The payment must be made by credit card only upon entering the country during the immigration control process. There could be significant delays in making the payment, which could disrupt your travel plans.
You don't have to pay this entry fee if:
- your destination is the archipelago of San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina
- you have a valid Colombian visa
- you are less than 14 years of age or more than 79 years old
- you are a member of the crew of international transport means (conditions apply)
Failure to pay the entry fee could prohibit you from entering the country.
Entry fee for Canadian travellers starts on Nov 14, 2023 – Migration Colombia (in Spanish)
Entry stamp
You must obtain an entry stamp in your passport when you enter Colombia by land.
You may be fined if you fail to obtain an entry stamp
Length of stay for tourists
The immigration officer will determine the permitted length of your stay when you enter Colombia. As a tourist, you may be granted a stay up to 90 days.
You will be fined if you overstay the specified period on your entry stamp. You may apply for a stay extension at the nearest Colombian migration office. You may extend your stay up to a maximum of 180 days per calendar year. The final decision remains with the immigration authority.
Colombia migration - Government of Colombia (in Spanish)
Other entry requirements
Customs officials may ask you to show them a return or onward ticket and proof of sufficient funds to cover your stay.
Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina
If you plan to visit the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina, you must purchase a tourist card at the airport prior to your arrival.
You must also show this card before you depart the island.
Drug screening
Colombia employs strict screening measures at its international airports to detect narcotics smuggling.
Customs officials may:
- search you and your luggage
- fingerprint you
- require you to undergo an X-ray inspection upon arrival or departure
Most airport customs inspectors speak only Spanish.
Dual citizenship
Canadian citizens who also hold Colombian citizenship must enter and exit Colombia using the following documents:
- Colombian passport
- Colombian identification card
Although local immigration authorities will allow dual citizens to enter without Colombian documents, they will stamp their foreign passport indicating that they must leave using Colombian documents.
Children and travel
Exit requirements for dual citizen children
Whether travelling to a domestic or international destination, underage Canadian-Colombian dual citizens must present:
If under 18 and travelling alone or accompanied by a single parent
- an authorization to travel from both parents, written in Spanish and notarized at a local notary public or at a Colombian embassy or consulate abroad; and
- a Colombian birth certificate, notarized at a local notary public, or a long-form Canadian birth certificate and its official Spanish translation
If one of the parents does not comply with child support obligations, his/her authorization can be waived. For this, the parent must be registered at the Colombian Child Support Debtors (REDAM).
If under 18 and travelling with both parents
- a Colombian birth certificate notarized at a local notary public; or
- a long-form Canadian birth certificate showing the parents' names, and its official Spanish translation.
Useful links
- Authorization to travel for minors - Colombian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (in Spanish)
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Government of Colombia (in Spanish)
- Colombian child support debtors - Government of Colombia (in Spanish)
- Travelling with children
Yellow fever
Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).
Health
Relevant Travel Health Notices
- Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
- Zika virus: Advice for travellers - 31 August, 2023
- COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024
- Dengue: Advice for travellers - 2 July, 2024
- Oropouche fever in the Americas - 9 August, 2024
This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.
Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.
Routine vaccines
Be sure that your routine vaccinations, as per your province or territory, are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.
Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.
Pre-travel vaccines and medications
You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary.
Yellow Fever - Country Entry Requirements
Yellow fever is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.
Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.
Risk
- There is a risk of yellow fever in this country.
Country Entry Requirement*
- Proof of vaccination is required if you are arriving from Angola, Brazil, Democratic Republic of the Congo, or Uganda, or have transited through an airport in one of these countries.
Recommendation
- Vaccination is recommended depending on your itinerary.
- Contact a designated Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.
- Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
- Protect yourself from mosquito bites.
Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada
* It is important to note that country entry requirements may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest diplomatic or consular office of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.
Practise safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.
Measles
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.
Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.
Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus. Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.
It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.
Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.
Influenza
The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.
The flu occurs worldwide.
- In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to April.
- In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and October.
- In the tropics, there is flu activity year round.
The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.
The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.
Malaria
Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease that is caused by parasites spread through the bites of mosquitoes.
There is a risk of malaria in certain areas and/or during a certain time of year in this destination.
Antimalarial medication may be recommended depending on your itinerary and the time of year you are travelling. Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic before travelling to discuss your options. It is recommended to do this 6 weeks before travel, however, it is still a good idea any time before leaving.
Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times:
• Cover your skin and use an approved insect repellent on uncovered skin.
• Exclude mosquitoes from your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows.
• Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes cannot be excluded from your living area.
• Wear permethrin-treated clothing.
If you develop symptoms similar to malaria when you are travelling or up to a year after you return home, see a health care professional immediately. Tell them where you have been travelling or living.
Rabies
In this destination, rabies is commonly carried by dogs and some wildlife, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. While travelling, take precautions, including keeping your distance from animals (including free-roaming dogs), and closely supervising children.
If you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. In this destination, rabies treatment may be limited or may not be available, therefore you may need to return to Canada for treatment.
Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who are at high risk of exposure (e.g., occupational risk such as veterinarians and wildlife workers, children, adventure travellers and spelunkers, and others in close contact with animals).
Safe food and water precautions
Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.
- Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
- Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
- Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs.
Travellers' diarrhea
Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.
Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.
The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.
Typhoid
Typhoid is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.
Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.
Insect bite prevention
Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:
- Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
- Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
- Minimize exposure to insects
- Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed
To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.
Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.
Chikungunya
There is a risk of chikungunya in this country. The level of risk may vary by:
- season
- year
- region
- elevation
The virus that causes chikungunya is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. It can cause fever and pain in the joints. In some cases, the joint pain can be severe and last for months or years.
Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times.
Learn more:
Cutaneous and mucosal Leishmaniasis
Cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis causes skin sores and ulcers. It is caused by a parasite spread through the bite of a female sandfly.
Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from sandfly bites, which typically occur after sunset in rural and forested areas and in some urban centres. There is no vaccine or medication to protect against leishmaniasis.
Dengue
- In this country, dengue is a risk to travellers. It is a viral disease spread to humans by mosquito bites.
- Dengue can cause flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe dengue, which can be fatal.
- The level of risk of dengue changes seasonally, and varies from year to year. The level of risk also varies between regions in a country and can depend on the elevation in the region.
- Mosquitoes carrying dengue typically bite during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
- Protect yourself from mosquito bites. There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue.
Zika virus
Zika virus is a risk in this country.
Zika virus is primarily spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. It can also be sexually transmitted. Zika virus can cause serious birth defects.
During your trip:
- Prevent mosquito bites at all times.
- Use condoms correctly or avoid sexual contact, particularly if you are pregnant.
If you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, you should discuss the potential risks of travelling to this destination with your health care provider. You may choose to avoid or postpone travel.
For more information, see Zika virus: Pregnant or planning a pregnancy.
American trypanosomiasis
American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) is a risk in this country. It is caused by a parasite spread by infected triatomine bugs. The infection can be inactive for decades, but humans can eventually develop complications causing disability and even death.
Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from triatomine bugs, which are active at night, by using mosquito nets if staying in poorly-constructed housing. There is no vaccine available for Chagas disease.
Animal precautions
Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.
Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.
Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.
Person-to-person infections
Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette, which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:
- washing your hands often
- avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
- avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), HIV, and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.
Medical services and facilities
Good health care is limited but is available in major cities. Quality of care varies greatly throughout the country.
Private clinics offer emergency services. They typically require advance payment in cash or by credit card.
If you don’t have proof of travel insurance, you may be transferred to a public hospital, where medical care may not meet Canadian standards.
Doctors mostly speak Spanish.
Emergency and ambulance services are widely available. Response times may be slow in rural areas.
Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.
Health and safety outside Canada
Medical tourism
Canadian citizens have died or had serious health complications following cosmetic or other elective surgeries in Colombia.
Before leaving for medical travel, you should do your research, especially on:
- the health and financial risks
- the medical facility
- language barriers
- travel insurance coverage
You should discuss your medical plans with your primary healthcare provider in Canada before travelling. Most provincial and territorial health care programs are extremely limited in their coverage offered abroad.
- Make sure that the healthcare providers you choose are authorized by the Colombian health authorities
- Check the credentials of the healthcare provider with the Ministry of Health
- Obtain a written agreement detailing the proposed treatment or procedure
If a doctor is not registered and duly qualified by the Ministry of Health or the Colombian Society of Plastic Surgery, you should doubt their credibility.
Useful links
- Human resources registration platform – Ministry of Health (in Spanish)
- List of surgeons - Colombian Society of Plastic Surgery (in Spanish)
- Travelling outside Canada to receive medical care
Medication
Some prescription medication may not be available in Colombia.
If you take prescription medication, you’re responsible for determining their legality in the country.
- Bring sufficient quantities of your medication with you
- Always keep your medication in the original container
- Pack your medication in your carry-on luggage
- Carry a copy of your prescriptions
Altitude sickness
Bogotá is located at 2600 metres above sea level. In some parts of the country, you may experience health problems due to high altitudes.
Altitude sickness can be life-threatening. It may require immediate medical evacuation.
- Know about the symptoms of altitude sickness
- Find out how to prevent or reduce the effects of altitude sickness
Keep in Mind...
The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.
Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a travel health kit, especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.
Laws and culture
You must abide by local laws.
Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad.
Penalties for breaking the law in Colombia can be more severe than in Canada, even for similar offences. No transfer of offenders’ treaty exists between Canada and Colombia. If you’re convicted of a serious crime, you must serve your jail sentence in Colombia. You may also have to remain in Colombia for a parole period following your release.
Detention conditions may be below the standards of Canadian prisons.
Useful links
Drugs
Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe. Convicted offenders can expect lengthy jail sentences and heavy fines.
- Pack your own luggage and monitor it closely at all times
- Never transport other people’s packages, bags or suitcases
- Never exchange money for strangers, as this is a common practice among money launderers
Firearms
It’s illegal to import firearms into Colombia.
Conviction may result in lengthy prison sentences.
Political activities
It’s illegal for foreigners to participate in local political activities, rallies or public demonstrations in Colombia.
Political involvement may result in your deportation.
Artifacts
It’s illegal to export certain cultural artifacts with historical value from Colombia, such as:
- original paintings
- sculptures
- fossils
Child sex tourism
It's a serious criminal offence to have sex with minors in Colombia.
Conviction may result in a lengthy prison sentence.
Child Sex Tourism: It’s a Crime
2SLGBTQI+ persons
Colombian law does not prohibit sexual acts between individuals of the same sex.
However, 2SLGBTQI+ persons could be discriminated against based on their sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression or sex characteristics.
Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics
Dual citizenship
Dual citizenship is legally recognized in Colombia.
If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of Colombia, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements.
International Child Abduction
The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. The convention applies between Canada and Colombia.
If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in Colombia, and if the applicable conditions are met, you may apply for the return of your child to the Colombian court.
If you are in this situation:
- act as quickly as you can
- contact the Central Authority for your province or territory of residence for information on starting an application under The Hague Convention
- consult a lawyer in Canada and in Colombia to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
- report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children's Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre
If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.
Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country's judicial affairs.
Useful links
- List of Canadian Central Authorities for the Hague Convention
- International Child Abductions: A guide for affected parents
- Children and travel
- The Hague Convention – Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
- Request emergency assistance
Identification
Local authorities may ask you to show identification at any time.
- Carry photo identification at all times
- Keep a photocopy of your passport and visa or residence permit in a safe place, in case they’re lost or confiscated
Driving
You must carry a valid Canadian driver’s license. Your driver’s license will be accepted within your permitted length of stay.
In the event of a car accident:
- remain at the scene
- if there are injuries, don’t move your vehicle until the authorities arrive
- if there are no injuries, move your vehicle to the side of the road to avoid fines
Failure to remain at the site may be considered an admission of guilt under Colombian law.
However, some accidents may attract a crowd that could turn hostile. If you feel unsafe:
- ensure your windows and doors are locked
- leave the area
- report the accident to the police and your insurance company as soon as possible
Marriage
To get married in Colombia, you must provide several documents including:
- your birth certificate
- a copy of your passport
- your decree absolute certificate if divorced
- a death certificate for your spouse and a marriage certificate if widowed
All documents must be translated into Spanish and apostilized. Consult the Embassy of Colombia in Canada if you wish to marry in Colombia.
You cannot get married at a Canadian embassy or consulate in a foreign country, including Colombia. Canadian consular officials do not perform marriage ceremonies and are not required to attend your marriage.
Money
The currency in Colombia is the peso (COP).
You can easily exchange Canadian dollars for pesos in currency exchange bureaus.
Credit and debit cards are widely accepted. In rural areas, ATMs may be limited in availability.
Natural disasters and climate
Colombia is subject to various natural disasters such as:
- droughts
- forest fires
- earthquakes
- extreme heat
- floods
- hurricanes
- mudslides
- torrential rains
Climate change
Climate change is affecting Colombia. Extreme and unusual weather events are becoming more frequent and may affect your travel plans. Monitor local news to stay informed on the current situation.
El Niño
The complex weather phenomenon called El Niño happens at irregular intervals of 2 to 7 years and can last 9 months to 2 years.
- Keep informed of regional weather forecasts before and during your travels and plan accordingly
- Ensure you have adequate insurance to cover the consequences of such events, including the disruption of travel plans
Learn about El Niño
Seismic activity
Volcanoes
There are several active and potentially active volcanoes throughout Colombia.
Debris from erupting volcanoes may clog rivers and cause them to overflow, which could in turn cause flash floods and landslides. Ash clouds may also cause disruptions to domestic and international flights.
Earthquakes
Colombia is located in an active seismic area. Earthquakes occur frequently. Dangerous landslides can also occur, even after minor earthquakes.
Useful links
- Colombian Geological Service – Colombia’s government (in Spanish)
- Latest earthquakes – U.S. Geological Survey
- Earthquakes - What to Do?
Rainy seasons
Colombia’s rainy seasons usually occur from March to June and from September to November. Incidents of flooding and mudslides can occur, especially in rural areas.
Seasonal flooding can hamper overland travel and reduce the provision of essential services. Roads may become impassable and bridges damaged.
Hurricane season
Hurricanes usually occur from mid-May to the end of November. During this period, even small tropical storms can quickly develop into major hurricanes.
These severe storms can put you at risk and hamper the provision of essential services. You could face serious safety risks during a hurricane.
If you decide to travel to a coastal area during the hurricane season:
- be prepared to change your travel plans on short notice, including cutting short or cancelling your trip
- stay informed of the latest regional weather forecasts
- carry emergency contact information for your airline or tour operator
- follow the advice and instructions of local authorities
Useful links
- Severe storms outside Canada
- Large-scale emergencies outside Canada
- Active storm tracking and hurricane watches and warnings – U.S. National Hurricane Center
Need help?
Local services
Emergency services
For emergency assistance, dial 123.
For non-urgent matters, you can reach the National Police by email at [email protected].
Consular assistance
Bogotá - Embassy of Canada
Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, Venezuela
Appointment Book your appointment onlineCartagena - Consulate of Canada
For emergency consular assistance, call the Embassy of Canada to Colombia, in Bogotá, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.
Disclaimer
The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.
The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.
If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.
Learn more about consular services.
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