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Liquor for breakfast, fighting against alcohol consumption
- N. Navarro Barriga, P. Marqués Cabezas, M. B. Arribas Simón, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, C. Alario Ruiz, G. Guerra Valera, A. Aparicio Parras, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, M. Fernández Lozano, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. P. Pando Fernández, M. D. L. A. Guillén Soto, T. Jimenez Aparicio, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, C. De Andrés Lobo
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S408-S409
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Introduction
The harmful consumption of alcohol is known for how tortuous its management can be in mental health, encouraging introspection of it as a serious problem is perhaps the main key to starting to battle against its damaging influence on the development of a functional and full life.
ObjectivesTo describe a clinical case showing an unpredictible complication in an alcohol detoxification process.
Methods54-year-old man, native of Cádiz, widowed for half a decade, without children. He resides with his parents in the family home. Currently unemployed for approximately a year. He has previously worked in the IT sector. As a notable somatic history, we found long-established arterial hypertension and a total hip replacement. He has been under irregular follow-up with a mental health team for anxiety-depressive symptoms in the context of grief. He goes to the emergency service brought by his family to begin the detoxification process in the hospital setting. He acknowledges ethanol consumption since he was widowed, which began when he awakes; quantities that ranged between one or up to three bottles of distilled liquor per day, generally consumption is in the home environment. A little less than a year ago, he began to isolate himself in his room and abandon his self-care, eating increasingly insufficient food intake, refusing to receive professional care to quit the habit, mainly because he did not recognize it as disruptive.
The patient was admitted to hospital with symptoms suggestive of withdrawal, making it extremely difficult to control blood pressure levels. On the third day of admission to the acute care unit, fever peaks, blood pressure levels well below normal parameters, and compromised level of consciousness began to be evident.
ResultsBlood tests were performed that, together with the clinical picture, suggested imminent septic shock, so critical care was contacted for transfer and stabilization. A germ of probable urinary etiology sensitive to a broad spectrum of antibiotics was isolated in blood cultures, and the medication of the detoxification process was progressively optimized. Once clinical stability was achieved at all levels, an inpatient cessation resource was managed, which the patient accepted and considered suitable for his complete recovery.
ConclusionsA holistic approach to the alcoholic patient is important, since serious problems of an organic nature often arise. This is why a multidisciplinary intervention is necessary, as well as a holistic approach to care, involving both classic pharmacology and assiduous long-term psychotherapeutic intervention.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
“Ekbom syndrome: delirium engraved on the skin”
- C. Perez Aparicio, L. Rodriguez Rodriguez, M. J. Gordillo Montaño
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S759-S760
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Introduction
Ekbom syndrome also known as Morgellons syndrome or delirium of parasitosis is a psychiatric condition where the patient has the absolute conviction of being infested in spite of medical evidence. Patients may even mutilate themselves or apply toxic substances in order to get rid of these hypothetical organisms. Sometimes they bring samples of these hypothetical parasites to the office to prove their existence, which is known as the “matchbox sign”, a pathognomonic finding.
ObjectivesThe aim of this clinical case is to make visible the impact that this psychiatric condition can have on the patient’s quality of life
MethodsWe present the case of a 40-year-old woman from Peru who was admitted to the otorhinolaryngology unit for injuries compatible with necrosis of the right pinna. When the patient was examined, scars were found on the lower limbs and back. The patient justifies the scratching lesions with the presence of pathogenic organisms, with no trace of them by the physician.
ResultsThe patient was evaluated by psychiatry service during her admission in otorhinolaryngology, being diagnosed with Ekbom’s delirium and starting treatment with 3 mL of Aripiprazole. Subsequently she was referred to the mental health unit where she left the follow-up until today.
ConclusionsDifferent effective treatments have been described, among them pimozide, atypical antipsychotics and some SSRIs. However, the complexity of treatment arises when dealing with the irreducible idea that the patient has of being infested, refusing in most cases to receive psychiatric treatment. This can degenerate into major organic and psychological problems that turn the patient’s life into a real hell, which often end up losing much of their daily functionality. The fact of empathizing with the patient and trying to elaborate a plan adjusted to the reality and needs of the moment, can help us to establish a good therapeutic bond that facilitates an early start of treatment and greater therapeutic adherence, enabling a significant improvement in their quality of life.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Relationship between different PANSS cognitive factors and cognition assessed with MCCB in patients with first psychotic episode of schizophrenia
- R. Rodriguez-Jimenez, Á. Sánchez-Cabezudo, M. Scala, L. García-Fernández, L. Sánchez-Pastor, D. Rentero, I. Martínez-Gras, M. Caballero, J. M. Espejo-Saavedra, A. Nuñez-Doyle, O. Jiménez-Rodríguez, A. I. Aparicio-León, J. L. Santos
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S292-S293
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Introduction
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) has been used as a universal instrument for clinical assessment of psychopathology in schizophrenia. Different studies have analyzed the factorial structure of this scale and have suggested a five-factor model: positive, negative, excited, depressive, and cognitive/disorganized factors. Two of the most used models are the Marder´s solution and the Wallwork´s one.
ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to study the correlations of the two cognitive factors (Marder and Wallwork) with a cognitive assessment performed with a standard cognitive battery, in a sample of patients with first psychotic episode of schizophrenia.
MethodsSeventy four patients with first psychotic episode of schizophrenia (26.9, SD:7.8 years old; 70.3% male) were included. The cognitive assessment was performed with the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). The MCCB present seven cognitive domains: Speed of processing, Working memory, Attention/Vigilance, Verbal Learning, Visual Learning, Reasoning and Problem Solving, and Social cognition). Pearson correlations were performed between MCCB scores and Marder´s PANSS cognitive factor (P2, N5, G5, G10, G11, G13, G15) and Wallwork´s one (P2, N5, G11).
ResultsCorrelation between MCCB scores and cognitive factors of Marder and Wallwork can be seen in the table.
Marder´s cognitive factor Wallwork´s cognitive factor Speed of processing r = -0.461; p<0.001 r = -0.455; p<0.001 Attention/Vigilance r = -0.414; p<0.001 r = -0.415; p<0.001 Working memory r = -0.449; p<0.001 r = -0.468; p<0.001 Verbal Learning r = -0.511; p<0.001 r = -0.405; p<0.001 Visual Learning r = -0.252; p=0.024 r = -0.254; p=0.029 Reasoning and Problem Solving r = -0.244; p=0.036 r = -0.272; p=0.019 Social cognition r = -0.268; p=0.024 r = -0.202; p=0.091 ConclusionsBoth PANSS cognition factors show a moderate correlations with Speed of processing, Working memory, Attention/Vigilance and Verbal Learning assessed by MCCB. More discrete correlations were found with Visual Learning, Reasoning and Problem Solving, and with Social cognition (in fact, non-significant correlation with Wallwork´s cognitive factor was found).
Acknowledgements. This study has been funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project PI19/00766 and co-funded by the European Union.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A man stitches his mouth in the context of a personality disorder
- A. Monllor Lazarraga, P. Marques Cabezas, L. Rojas Vazquez, M. Rios Vaquero, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, T. Jimenez Aparicio, C. De Andres Lobo, C. Vallecillo Adame, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, N. Navarro Barriga, B. Rodriguez Rodriguez, M. Fernandez Lozano, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcarcel, M. P. Pando Fernandez, P. Martinez Gimeno, G. Guerra Valera
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S654-S655
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Introduction
A 28 year old patient will be presented. This paramilitary man was brought to the Emergency Room due to an autolytic attempt with Benzodiazepines, along with a mouth suture, in the context of a soon to be resolved problematic ankle osteosynthesis procedure. The patient claimed to be suffering pain, furthermore struggling due to the fact he could not be working due to his ankle issue. Language barrier was a problem during the interview.
ObjectivesThe objetives of this case is to try to explain the issues that may arise in patients with personality disorders in the context of an autolytic attempt
MethodsThis patient will be presented, along with systematic bibliography review of the topic.
ResultsThe following results were extracted upon the attention given to this patient which was admitted to the Psychiatric Unit.
First of all, the mouth stitches were removed, along with a petition for toxicological analysis. The results gave positive for cannabis and benzodiazepines. The patient was also brought previously this year with another autolytic attempt, this time on cocaine consumption too. Furthermore, a thorough review was made of the other autolytic attempts, including those which happened in his country of origin. The patient has hundreds of small cuts among his arms, from previews cuts made in the past. Furthermore, subcutaneous wounds were auto inflicted in the ER, with a small blade.
Among the whole interview, it was clear he had a personality disorder, with high impulsivity levels and lack of control once the situation overflows.
We also tried to understand the outcome of suturing his mouth. The patient referred his acts of impulsiveness due to his overwhelming situation of both having no job at this moment and the pain he was suffering due to his ankle procedure.
The patient was admitted to our Unit due to the high risk he could repeat this act. Upon arrival, the same day he was admitted, the patient asked if he had to stay at the unit. When explaining the following already told event, furthermore insisting in the possibility of been evaluated by the Traumatology team, he proceeded to try and hang himself with his medical-hospital clothing.
The patient was treated with antipsychotics. Along with Lormetazepam at night. At the end of the hospitalization, and after been evaluated by the Psychiatrist of this Unit, the patient was also treated with Lithium due to its effectiveness in the treatment of autolytic attempts.
ConclusionsPersonality disorders are one of the psychiatric pathologies that prevail with greater frequency in autolytic attempts 1. Additionally, it should be taken into account the possible ongoing consumption of psychoactive drugs that could also derive in psychopathological decompensation. On top of the following, the use of antipsychotic treatment is indicated for the managing of conduction altercations 2, besides Lithium being a great option in managing suicidal temptations 3.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
From schizotypy to psychosis: is it a natural continuum?
- M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. B. Arribas Simón, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. P. Pando Fernández, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. Fernández Lozano, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, C. De Andrés Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jiménez Aparicio, Ó. Martín Santiago, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. Ríos Vaquero, L. Rojas Vázquez, L. Sobrino Conde, A. Apario Parra, G. Lorenzo Chapatte
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S658-S659
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Introduction
Schizotypal personality is a condition suffered by 4% of the population. It is defined by presenting interpersonal, behavioral and perceptual features similar to the clinical features of psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, in less intensity and dysfunctionality, but at risk of reaching psychosis.
ObjectivesPresentation of a clinical case about a patient with premorbid schizotypal personality traits presenting with an acute psychotic episode.
MethodsLiterature review on association between schizotypal personality and psychosis.
ResultsA 57-year-old woman with a history of adaptive disorder due to work problems 13 years ago, currently without psychopharmacological treatment, goes to the emergency room brought by the emergency services due to behavioral alteration. She reports that “her husband and son wanted to sexually abuse her”, so she had to run away from home and has been running through the streets of the town without clothes and barefoot.
Her husband relates attitude alterations and extravagant behaviors of years of evolution, such as going on diets of eating only bread for 40 days or talking about exoteric and religious subjects, as believing that the devil got inside her husband through a dental implant. He reports that these behaviors have been accentuated during the last month. She has also created a tarot website, and has even had discussions with several users. She is increasingly suspicious of him, has stopped talking to him and stays in his room all day long, with unmotivated laughter and soliloquies.
It was decided to admit him to Psychiatry and risperidone 4 mg was started. At the beginning, she was suspicious and reticent in the interview. As the days went by, communication improved, she showed a relaxed gesture and distanced herself from the delirious ideation, criticizing the episode.
ConclusionsIn recent years, there has been increasing interest in understanding the association between schizotypy and serious mental disorder. Several theories understand schizotypy as a natural continuum of personality that reveals genetic vulnerability and that can lead to psychotic disorder when added to precipitating factors. Other theories define schizotypy as a “latent schizophrenia” where symptoms are contained and expressed in less intensity.
Around 20% evolves to paranoid schizophrenia or other serious mental disorders. It is complex to distinguish between those individuals in whom schizotypy is a prodrome and those in whom it is a stable personality trait. To date, studies applying early psychotherapeutic or pharmacological interventions have had insufficient and contradictory results, and the follow-up and treatment of these individuals could be a stress factor and a stigma. Some studies are looking for reliable markers of evolution to schizophrenia in order to establish adequate protocols for detention, follow-up and treatment.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Conversive and Factitious disorders: Differential diagnosis based on a case report
- M. Fernandez Lozano, B. Rodriguez Rodriguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, C. Alario Ruiz, L. Rodriguez Andrés, G. Medina Ojeda, T. Jimenez Aparicio, C. Vallecillo Adame, C. De Andres Lobo, M. A. Andreo Vidal, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. Calvo Valcarcel, M. P. Pando Fernández, L. Rojas Vazquez, M. Rios Vaquero, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, A. Monllor Lazarraga
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S444
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Introduction
Conversive disorder is characterised by the presence of one or more involuntary neurological symptoms that are not due to a clear medical pathology. On the other hand, consciously simulated illnesses fall into two diagnostic categories: factitious disorders and malingering, which are differentiated by both the motivation for the behaviour and the awareness of that motivation. Factitious disorder behaviours are motivated by an unconscious need to assume the sick role, whereas malingering behaviours are consciously driven to achieve external secondary gains.
ObjectivesStudy of the differences between conversion disorder and factitious disorder and their repercussions from a case of difficult diagnosis.
MethodsBibliographic review of scientific literature based on a relevant clinical case.
ResultsWe present the case of a 14-year-old male patient. Adoptive parents. Studying in high school. Social difficulties since childhood. He comes to the emergency department on several occasions referring stereotyped movements and motor tics in the four extremities with left cervical lateralization. Increase of these symptoms in the last month, so it was decided to admit him to the pediatric hospital. After observation and study of the patient’s movements with normal complementary tests he should return home. The following day he returned to the emergency department after an episode of dizziness, mutism and emotional block. It was decided to admit him to Psychiatry for behavioral observation and differential diagnosis.
ConclusionsIn the assessment of patients it is essential to make an appropriate diagnosis taking into account the patient’s symptomatology and the patient’s background and life context. Conversion disorder is the unintentional production of neurological symptom, whereas malingering and factitious disorder represent the voluntary production of symptoms with internal or external incentives. They have a close history and this has been frequently confounded. Practitioners are often confronted to medically unexplained symptoms; they represent almost 30% of neurologist’s consultation. The first challenge is to detect them, and recent studies have confirmed the importance of “positive” clinical bedside signs based on incoherence and discordance. Multidisciplinary therapy is recommended with behavioral cognitive therapy, antidepressant to treat frequent comorbid anxiety or depression, and physiotherapy. Factitious disorder and malingering should be clearly delineated from conversion disorder. Factitious disorder should be considered as a mental illness and more research on its physiopathology and treatment is needed, when malingering is a non-medical condition encountered in medico-legal cases.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
“God speaks to me through a dove”. The evidence of clozapine in treatment-refractory psychosis
- B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, P. Marqués Cabezas, M. Queipo de Llano de La Viuda, N. Navarro Barriga, G. Guerra Valera, M. B. Arribas Simón, C. Alario Ruiz, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, M. Fernández Lozano, P. Marínez Gimeno, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. P. Pando Fernández, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. Ríos Vaquero, G. Lorenzo Chapate, L. Rojas Vázquez, C. De Andrés Lobo, T. Jiménez Aparicio, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S740
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Introduction
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic synthesised in 1958. It was withdrawn from the market in the 1970s due to the appearance of agranulocytosis, but was reintroduced due to strong evidence of its efficacy and superiority over other antipsychotics in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
ObjectivesTo describe the adequate response to clozapine in treatment-refractory psychosis.
MethodsReview of the scientific literature based on a relevant clinical case.
ResultsA 16-year-old woman was admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit for psychotic symptoms and behavioural disorders. She lives with her father and older sister; she has not been in contact with her mother, who lives in another country, for several years. She attends secondary school, with poor academic performance. Maternal diagnosis of schizophrenia. She started using cannabis two years ago, with a progressive increase up to 20 grams per week. He reports the onset of a feeling of strangeness a year ago, with progressive isolation in his room, referring to delirious ideation of harm towards classmates and people from his town, self-referentiality and delirious interpretations of religious mystical content (“God speaks to me through a dove”). He comments on the phenomenon of theft and thought-reading. Soliloquies and unmotivated laughter are observed.
ConclusionsTreatment was started with risperidone, progressively increasing the dose up to optimisation, without achieving a decrease in positive symptoms, but with the appearance of excessive sedation and sialorrhoea. It was combined with aripiprazole up to 20mg, maintained for a couple of weeks, without significant clinical improvement. Given the failure of two lines of therapy, it was decided to change to clozapine up to a dose of 75mg, with adequate tolerance and response, achieving a distancing of the delirious ideation. Regular haematological controls were performed, with no alterations in haemogram or troponins.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Alexithymia in population with depressive disorders and suicidal ideation: results of an observational study
- P. Martínez, A. R. Campos, T. Jiménez Aparicio, M. Fernández Lozano, M. Merizalde Torres
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S361
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Introduction
In clinical practice, significant delays in requesting help are observed in patients with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.
ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine factors associated with the time of untreated illness in a population with depressive disorder attending mental health for the first time in the area of Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (HCUV).
MethodsMethods: This is an observational study including adult patients of both sexes, referred to their first mental health consultation from their Primary Care Physician, with a picture of depressive symptomatology associated with an identifiable stressor. Informed consent was obtained from the patients and authorized by the Ethics Committee of the HCUV. R Studio ® statistical analysis.
The degree of emotional confusion was quantified with item 1 (“I am often confused about the emotions I feel”) of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). This item is scored ( 1-5 )from most severe (1) to least (5). On the other hand, the time in weeks between symptom onset to referral, age and symptom severity according to the Montgomery Scale (MADRS) were recorded.
ResultsResults: We present data collected in an initial sample of 278 treated patients, with a female predominance (68%), a MADRS severity score (18.05 ± 5.01) and a calculated time without treatment of 59.66 ± 62.26 weeks (Tables 1,2,3).
A subsample of 72 patients with death ideation was studied, with a female predominance (75%) compared to the overall sample (X2 =1.99, p = 0.1585) (Table 4).
It was also observed that death ideation was higher in younger patients (t = 3.18, p = 0.001907) and with a severe MADRS depression score (t = -7.92, p < 0.0001), however they took a similar length of time to receive mental health treatment (T student t = -1.6605, p = 0.099); (Table 5).
There is no previous published evidence that considers the timing of untreated symptoms. According to test statistics, there are differences in untreated symptom time considering gender and TAS score (Table 6).
ConclusionsDeath ideation is a current health problem that deserves attention. In multivariate analysis models, an association with clinical and demographic factors has been found; however, there is up to 20% of the variation in prevalence that is not explained by the aforementioned factors. The factors that determine the time delay in seeking help (treatment delays) have not been studied so far.
In this study we observe how a single variable doesn’t explain the delay in the first visit. The interaction between age, gender, alexithymia and hypoprosexia explains the delay in seeking help, although symptom severity doesn’t seem to be related. These data suggest that unexplained causality in multivariate studies may be related to the interaction between clinical and neuropsychological factors.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Persistent COVID an differential diagnosis with depression symptoms
- B. Arribas Simon, M. J. Mateos-Sexmero, O. Martin-Santiago, P. Andres-Olivera, B. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, P. Martinez-Gimeno, N. Navarro-Barriga, T. Jimenez-Aparicio, M. Andreo-Vidal
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S502
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Introduction
We present the case of a 48-year-old woman, a nurse, referred from the Internal Medicine department for evaluation of depressive symptoms and accompanying somatic presentation following COVID-19. The aim is to highlight a recently emerging condition that we are increasingly encountering in our clinics, which can complicate the diagnosis of an underlying affective disorder
ObjectivesDiagnosed with COVID-19, confirmed by a positive PCR test, 6 months ago following an infection in the workplace. The clinical picture consisted of mild symptoms, with a ten-day course and apparent resolution at the time of hospitalization. She returned to her work activities and gradually began to report fluctuating symptoms, including headaches, mild shortness of breath, fatigue, as well as a tingling sensation in the upper extremities, especially in the hands. Additionally, she described feelings of restlessness, depressive mood, and intense fatigue. In additional tests: (CT-Scan) there are signs of mild bilateral lower lung fibrosis.
MethodsTreatment with Duloxetine was initiated for a case of depressive symptoms with accompanying physical symptoms. The differential diagnosis considered Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, and Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood.”
ResultsWe are facing a clear case of depressive clinic that may have endogenous features, if we adhere to criteria such as those in the DSM-5, as it would meet the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode. However, we have a clearly identified trigger, so we also need to perform a differential diagnosis, primarily with Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood: here, the symptoms appear within 3 months following the stressful agent (in this case, SARS-CoV-2 infection). Unlike Major Depressive Episode, once the agent has ceased, the symptoms do not persist beyond 6 months (which we do not know because the physical symptoms causing disability have not disappeared).In addition to purely psychiatric diagnoses that we are accustomed to, we must consider a new diagnostic entity that is becoming more prevalent as the pandemic progresses, namely “long-covid” or persistent COVID.These are generally middle-aged women who, several months after infection, continue to manifest a multifactorial complex of symptoms. These symptoms persist over time, not only the classical ones but also many others that can appear during the ongoing course of the disease.
ConclusionsBeyond the purely psychiatric diagnoses we are accustomed to, we must also consider a new diagnostic entity that is becoming more prevalent as the pandemic continues to advance: Persistent COVID or ‘long-COVID.’ Generally, this condition affects middle-aged women who, several months after contracting the virus, continue to exhibit a multifactorial complex of symptoms. The most common symptoms include fatigue/asthenia (95.91%); general discomfort (95.47%); headaches (86.53%); and low mood (86.21%)
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Bipolar Disorder in Pregnancy: A Challenging Case Managed with Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy
- B. Arribas-Simon, M. J. Mateos-Sexmero, O. Martin-Santiago, P. Andres-Olivera, B. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, P. Martinez-Gimeno, N. Navarro-Barriga, T. Jimenez-Aparicio, P. Fernandez-Pando, M. Andreo-Vidal
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S115-S116
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Introduction
Pregnancy is a high-risk period for major affective disorders and can lead to a destabilizing period for our patients. Standard pharmacological strategies must be carefully evaluated due to potential teratogenic or side effects. We present a case of bipolar disorder type I with challenging-to-control maniac episodes during pregnancy, which has required Electroconvulsive Therapy for its management.
ObjectivesPresenting maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as a safe and effective therapeutic strategy during pregnancy, with the presentation of a case in which it has been administered every 3 weeks from the second trimester until the baby’s birth at 37 weeks
MethodsThis concerns a 28-year-old immigrant woman, married, with a 10-year-old child. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder type I at the age of 16 when she experienced her first manic episode in her country of origin. Subsequently, during her first pregnancy, she required hospitalization for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment, with a positive response after a single session. She remained stable for several years without maintenance pharmacological treatment or follow-up until the ninth week of her second pregnancy when she experienced a manic episode requiring hospitalization.
ResultsShe was initially treated with Olanzapine and Lorazepam with a positive response, but three weeks later, she was readmitted with a similar episode. These decompensations occurred almost monthly, leading to the consideration of introducing mood stabilizers after the first trimester. However, due to the patient’s severe hyperemesis gravidarum, this stabilizing treatment was ruled out due to the difficulty in controlling its blood levels and the associated risk of intoxication. During the fifth admission at the 20th week of gestation, the decision was made to initiate ECT treatment, which yielded an excellent response and subsequent maintenance.
ConclusionsThe indications for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) during pregnancy are the same as in the rest of adult patients. In individuals with a psychiatric history, it is possible for a relapse of mental illness to occur during pregnancy, although the risk is considerably higher during the postpartum period. ECT is considered an effective and safe treatment option in all three trimesters of pregnancy and the postpartum period. During the informed consent process, patients should be informed about the potential impact of ECT as well as alternative treatment options.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Lithium withdrawal and relapse in bipolar disorder when kidney function deteriorates
- C. De Andrés-Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jiménez Aparicio, A. Rodríguez Campos, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, M. Fernández Lozano, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. Andreo Vidal, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. P. Pando Fernández, L. Rojas Vázquez, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S427-S428
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Introduction
Lithium was the first mood stabilizer and today continues to be a first-line treatment in the treatment of bipolar disorder despite its adverse effects, which make it important to monitor blood levels and control kidney function.
ObjectivesPresentation of a case of litium withdrawal and relapse in bipolar disorder. Literature review relating to the risk of relapse when lithium treatment is interrupted.
MethodsWe present a clinical case of a patient who suffers a deterioration in renal function that requires the withdrawal of lithium and who consequently suffers a relapse. We conducted a bibliographic research of articles in Pubmed on this topic.
ResultsA 49-year-old male, with a history of multiple admissions to UHB since the age of 18 with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and treatment with lithium. Decompensations towards the manic pole have always been related to interruptions in lithium treatment. On several occasions when the patient was feeling well emotionally, he believed himself to be “cured” and abandoned the treatment, triggering a manic episode, showing verbal aggression, increased self-esteem and delusional ideation of harm. Remission was usually achieved with the reintroduction of lithium and the addition of high-dose quetiapine. Between episodes, constant overvalued ideas of economic scarcity seemed to persist, which were accentuated in the form of delusional ideas of ruin in depressive decompensations. After 7 years of stability, control analysis showed blood litemia of 2.2 mEq/L with deterioration of kidney function and generalized tremor was observed, without improvement after serum therapy. He was admitted for dialysis and lithium was suspended. Treatment with valproate was started and a consultation scheduled in a week to adjust the dose. The patient did not attend that consultation and was admitted three days later to Psychiatry Hospitalization showing a challenging attitude, evident dysphoric mood, accelerated speech, with derailments and echolalia. Delusional ideation of harm with auditory hallucinations. Insomnia and hyporexia. Chronic renal failure persisted.
ConclusionsLithium is a very effective drug but with a narrow therapeutic range that requires adequate monitoring due to the possible consequences of its use at different organs and systems of the body. when lithium is found in the blood at toxic levels with deterioration of kidney function and glomerular filtration fails to recover, lithium treatment should be suspended. Sudden withdrawal of lithium significantly increases the risk of relapse due to rebound effect. More than 50% of patients experience a recurrence within 10 weeks of withdrawal.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Delusional parasitosis: the importance of a multidisciplinary approach
- M. Calvo Valcárcel, G. Guerra Valera, M. A. Andreo Vidal, O. Martín Santiago, M. Lorenzo Hernando, M. P. Pando Fernández, P. Martinez Gimeno, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. Fernández Lozano, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, C. De Andrés Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jimenez Aparicio, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. Ríos Vaquero, L. Rojas Vázquez, L. Sobrino Conde, A. Aparicio Parra, G. Lorenzo Chapatte
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S750
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Introduction
Delusional parasitosis, also known as delusional infestation or Ekbom’s syndrome, is a rare psychotic disorder characterized by the false belief that a parasitic skin infestation exists, despite the absence of any medical evidence to support this claim. These patients often see many physicians, so a multidisciplinary approach among clinicians is important. Many patients refuse any treatment due to their firm belief that they suffer from an infestation, not a psychiatric condition, so it is crucial to gain the trust of these patients.
ObjectivesThe comprehensive review of this clinical case aims to investigate Ekbom syndrome, from a historical, clinical and therapeutic perspective.
MethodsLiterature review based on delusional parasitosis.
ResultsA 65-year-old woman comes to the psychiatry consultation referred by her primary care physician concerned about being infested by insects that she perceives through scales on her skin for the last three months. She recognizes important impact on her functionality. She is also convinced that her family is being infected too. As psychiatric history she recognizes alcohol abuse in the past (no current consumption) and an episode of persecutory characteristics with a neighbor, more than ten years ago. On psychopathological examination, she shows delusional ideation of parasitosis, with high behavioral repercussions, cenesthetic and cotariform hallucinations, as well as feelings of helplessness and anger. Treatment with Pimozide was started and the patient was referred to dermatology for evaluation, a plan she accepted. Her primary care physician and dermatology specialist were informed about the case and the treatment plan. In the recent reviews, the patient is calmer, however, despite the corroboration of dermatology and in the absence of organic lesions in cranial CT, she is still unsatisfied with the results, remaining firm in her conviction of infestation. It was decided to start treatment with atypical neuroleptics (Aripiprazole), with progressive recovery of her previous functionality.
ConclusionsDespite the increase in the number of studies in recent years, there are still few studies on this type of delirium. The female:male ratio varies in the bibiliography (between 2:1 and 3:1). The onset is usually insidious, generally appearing as a patient who comes to his primary care physician convinced of having parasites in different skin locations. It is usual to observe scratching lesions or even wounds in search of the parasite. In the past, the most used and studied treatment was Pimozide. Currently the treatment of choice is atypical neuroleptics due to their lower side effects. The latest reviews on the prognosis of this disorder show data with percentages of complete recovery between 51% and 70%, and partial responses between 16.5% and 20%. Finally, for a good diagnosis and therapeutic management, it is important to achieve a multidisciplinary approach.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Evaluation of adherence to treatment in patients with anxious-depressive syndrome.
- T. Jiménez Aparicio, M. Fernández Lozano, M. Merizalde Torres, A. Rodríguez Campos
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S674-S675
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Introduction
Treatment-resistant depression can pose a major challenge to mental health professionals, both in identifying cases and in devising consequent therapeutic strategies (1). However, it is not uncommon that the lack of response to antidepressant treatment is actually due to non-adherence to it in many cases (2).
ObjectivesIn this context, it would be interesting to know the rate of abandonment of antidepressant treatment in patients with anxious-depressive symptomatology, since the patient’s evolution may depend entirely on this.
MethodsTo this end, the psychiatry service of the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid has collected data on adult patients who come for a first consultation in the mental health team, referred for presenting symptoms of anxiety and depression.
These data have been recorded over the last 2 years, including different socio-demographic and clinical variables. Subsequently, a descriptive analysis was carried out, the preliminary results of which are presented below.
ResultsWe started from a sample of 222 patients at the present time: 69 men and 153 women, which is in accordance with previous data on the prevalence of anxiety disorders and depression by gender (3).
Antidepressant treatment was prescribed (from psychiatry or primary care) in 80% of them. A review 6 months later showed that up to 1/3 of these patients (34%) had abandoned treatment on their own before completing this period, as can be seen in the first graph (image 1), which is contemplated in several guidelines and recommendations in the scientific literature (4). No major differences were observed between genders for treatment indication or treatment abandonment.
On the other hand, 61% of the patients in the sample had been treated with benzodiazepines. Among them, up to 74% were still taking these drugs 6 months later (image 2). This result is striking, since in reality, the duration of treatment with benzodiazepines should be much shorter, according to the latest reviews (5).
Finally, cross-checking these data, it was observed that for 116 patients (52% of the total) the initial treatment included antidepressants and benzodiazepines. At 6 months, 18 of these patients (16%) had voluntarily discontinued the antidepressant, but continued with benzodiazepines.
Image:
Image 2:
ConclusionsIt is very important to review adherence to treatment in all patients, especially in those cases in which the persistence of symptoms makes us think of a possible resistant depression. For this reason, it would be advisable to try to establish an adequate doctor-patient relationship that allows trust in the therapist and communication between both and leads to a favorable evolution.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Spiritual awakening. Substance abuse, dual pathology
- M. J. Gordillo Montaño, L. Rodriguez Rodriguez, C. Pérez Aparicio, S. V. Boned Torres
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S488
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Introduction
Kambó is considered an “ancestral medicine” by the indigenous tribes of the western region of the Amazon.
ObjectivesThrough this clinical case, the aim is to present the particularities of the symptoms and management of patients with consumption of not so common substances, such as Kambo or salvia divinorum, as well as the evolution that will occur in a patient with a previous diagnosis of a Depressive Episode.
MethodsWe present the case of a 23-year-old male, Gestalt therapy student. History of tobacco, THC, and recent use of salvia divinorum and Kambo. He began follow-up by psychiatry in a private setting three years ago due to a severe depressive episode, having required treatment with antidepressants, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines, and having been triggered by a serious assault. The episode is resolved and follow-up is discontinued. Family history of depressive syndrome and suicide.
He resumed contact through the Emergency Department, requiring hospital admission due to symptoms compatible with a manic episode with psychotic symptoms. It begins with behavioral alterations and global insomnia that are related to the consumption of some substance, initially unknown to them, making the skin lesions they presented suspect the consumption of kambo.
ResultsWe assess the risk of consuming these substances, which are sometimes used as alternative therapies, and especially in this type of patient, who is more vulnerable and perhaps seeks a way out of the problems they present.
ConclusionsIn our case, it triggered a manic episode with psychotic symptoms, which consisted of delusional ideation of mystical content accompanied by auditory hallucinations. The episode took about a month to subside, despite treatment. Subsequently, there have been more episodes with similar characteristics, and they have not been associated with the consumption of kambó, but have been linked to the consumption of “natural medicinal substances.”
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
From adjustment disorder to schizotypal personality disorder
- C. De Andrés-Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jiménez Aparicio, A. Rodríguez Campos, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, M. Fernández Lozano, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. Andreo Vidal, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. P. Pando Fernández, L. Rojas Vázquez, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S652-S653
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Introduction
Individuals with schizotypal personality disorder are characterized by tendencies to magical thinking, unusual perceptions, discomfort in social situations, and restricted affect. It is frecuent that they have social anxiety and have difficulty in understanding the motivations and thoughts of others.
ObjectivesPresentation of a case of a patient who was first diagnosed with adjustment disorder, but on a closer study, was discovered to have a schizotypal personality disorder.
MethodsWe conducted a bibliographic review by searching for articles about schizotypal personality disorder and theory of mind in Pubmed.
ResultsWe present the case of a 39-year-old woman, diagnosed with adjustment disorder after a conflict at work with a colleague that caused her anxiety-depressive symptoms. In consultations, the patient shows verbiage without expansiveness or euphoria, with rambling speech. She expresses feelings of indignation and injustice, she is irritable, with contained anger. She refers that she prefers to be distrustful of others because she does not understand their intentions. Her thoughts are very rigid, which leads her to have avoidant and phobic attitudes, having no relationships of friendship throughout her life.
A neuropsychological evaluation is carried out, resulting in a surprising WAIS with a TIC of 128. However, the Mayer‐Salovey‐Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) shows difficulties in Perception, Comprehension and Emotional Management
Considering the patient’s symptomatology as a whole, it is noteworthy:
– Sustained social isolation throughout their life history
– Superficiality of interpersonal relationships
– Distrust and slight self-referentiality. Deficit in inferring the feelings and thoughts of others
– Peculiar speech with ideas of magical content, superstitions and rituals…
Which together supported a diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. From this point we started to work on her self-esteem, modification of irrational beliefs and cognitive distortions, interpersonal communication and metacognitive therapy, with good results.
ConclusionsThe type of schizotypal patients who come to consultations most frequently are the actively isolated/timorous profile due to their intense social anxiety and difficulties in understanding and adapting to the social world around them. Initial therapy should be empathic support. The theory of mind is the ability to infer the other’s mental states and therefore predict their behavior, this ability being diminished in the schizotypal patient. Mentalization tasks, metacognitive therapy, cognitive flexibility training, social skills training, and promoting self-worth are useful. On some occasions it may be necessary to start psychopharmacological treatment to control anxiety and unusual perceptions when they cause discomfort.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Mental health impact of fentanyl abuse, a case report
- G. Lorenzo - Chapatte, G. Guerra Valera, P. Marqués Cabezas, L. R. Vázquez, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. P. Pando Fernández, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcárcel, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, M. Fernández Lozano, T. Jiménez Aparicio, C. De Andrés-Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, L. Sobrino Conde, A. Aparicio Parras
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S409
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Introduction
In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of illicit use of fentanyl and other opioids in the United States population. This has led to an increase in medical, psychopathological and abuse-associated comorbidity, an increase in deaths and a decrease in the age of consumption, and has become a serious emerging problem in young people.
We present the case of an 18-year-old woman from the United States who recently settled in Spain and started a follow-up in Mental Health due to opioid and other substance abuse problems.
ObjectivesTo address the growing problem surrounding the illicit use of fentanyl and opioids as drugs of abuse based on the presentation of the clinical case mentioned above.
MethodsBibliographic search and description of a clinical case of a patient under follow-up by Mental Health at the “Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid”.
ResultsAn 18-year-old woman from the United States who has been living with her father in Spain since the summer of 2023, having moved to Spain due to problems related to substance abuse.
With no previous medical or surgical history and with a history of follow-up in Mental Health in her country of origin for depressive symptomatology, dysfunctional personality traits and abuse of different toxic substances since adolescence.
After a brief and erratic follow-up in Psychiatry for anxious-depressive symptoms reactive to a complex and conflictive relationship with his mother and marked academic difficulties during the first years of adolescence, at the age of 15 he started using cannabis and alcohol, thus beginning a period marked by relationships with marginalized sectors of the population, substance abuse and school failure.
As his cannabis consumption intensified, he began to consume fentanyl prescribed to his mother, as well as other opioids to which he had access illegally, for which reason he had to be admitted twice to detoxification centers without results, which is why his family finally decided to move him to Spain.
ConclusionsIn recent years, fentanyl abuse has become a serious public health problem that is mainly centered in the young population.
High levels of impulsivity and lack of frustration tolerance predispose to the use of illicit substances for elusive purposes.
Substance abuse carries with it not only an important organic comorbidity, but also a marked socio-familial and economic repercussion.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
“It was all yellow” first patient with resistant depresion treated with esketamina
- M. J. Mateos - Sexmero, B. Arribas - Simón, T. Jiménez - Aparicio, Ó. Martín - Santiago
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S529-S530
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Introduction
Esketamine, an active Ketamine isomeric form that indirectly inhibits the GABAergic neuronal pathways, has been recently approved to treated severe, resistant depressive disorders. Here, we present the case of a 64 years old woman diagnosed with severe, resistant depression and an initial score of 28 points in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale who was treated with Esketamine with excellent response and a HDRS of 8 points after 4 months.
ObjectivesTo expose our experience with the first patient treated with Esketamine in our Hospital.
MethodsDescribing the patient’s patobiography and the different treatments lines tried in first place and exposing the experience among Ketamine treatment and the final results.
ResultsWe present the case of a 64 years old woman, divorced and retired, who lives with her son since the aggravation of the depressive symptomatology, with no medical nor surgical background and no history in Mental Health before her first psychiatric internment in 2020. Between February 2020 and June 2023, 5 different treatments options with supervise intake were tried, including increment of the dose, antidepressant rotation, the combination of Desvenlafaxine + Mirtazapine and adding Topiramate and Lithium, with no improvement. Among this years, 3 psychiatric internments were needed because of the depressive symptoms and 1 more hospitalization in Internal Medicine was required because of the patients severe, malnutritional state. In June 2023 and after two complete analysis, a MR and a score of 28 points in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale treatment with Esketamine was started with no incidences. She described one dissociative episode during which she assures “she was surrounded by soft, rubbery, yellow bubbles”. After 4 months of treatment the patient has recovered her previous functional rate and has an 8 points score in the HDRS.
ConclusionsIn conclusion, we can affirm that Esketamine is an effective and secure option for Resistant Depresion Dissorder. Nevertheless, Before considering a Depressive Episode as “resistant to treatment”, treatment adherence and other medical, surgical and psychiatric comorbidities must be studied.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychopharmacological management in patients with Di George syndrome
- L. Rojas Vázquez, P. Marqués Cabezas, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. P. Pando Fernández, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcárcel, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, M. Fernández Lozano, N. Navarro Barriga, T. Jiménez Aparicio, C. De Andrés Lobo, C. Vallecillo Adame, L. Sobrino Conde, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, A. Aparicio Parra
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S455
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Introduction
It is widely described in the scientific literature that patients who suffer from some type of congenital syndrome such as Di George Syndrome are more likely to present some type of psychopathological alteration during their development that may require intervention and treatment by infant and juvenile mental health teams in coordination with neuropediatrics (1). On this occasion, we will present the clinical case of a patient who regularly attends psychiatry consultations for management of anxious symptoms with impulse control deficits associated with intellectual disability, diagnosed since childhood with tetralogy of Fallot and later with Di George syndrome. In this type of case, treatment is usually considered taking into account possible comorbidities at the organic level (since there may be cardiological involvement, which can be an added difficulty when taking into account the adverse effects of some psychotropic drugs) (2).
ObjectivesThis is followed by the presentation of the clinical case, which can serve to exemplify this type of case and clarify any doubts that may arise regarding treatment.
MethodsPresentation of the clinical case and review of updated scientific literature on the subject.
ResultsPatient who first came to the infantile-junior consultations at the age of 8 years due to delay in the acquisition of verbal language and impulsivity. The patient had a history of pediatric follow-up since birth for different physical symptoms that finally led to the diagnosis of Di George syndrome.
Given the difficulties he presented both at home and at school, different psychometric tests were performed and it was determined that it could be beneficial to initiate treatment with extended-release methylphenidate. Prior to treatment, psychomotor restlessness (without aggressiveness) and difficulty in concentration prevailed, which improved significantly after upward adjustment of the dose to a guideline corresponding to his age and weight. It was not necessary in this case to administer other treatments (the possibility of starting Aripiprazole in case of episodes of agitation was considered, but it was not necessary). The patient has continued to be monitored by cardiology to assess the possible side effects of the treatment (since it can increase heart rate and blood pressure (3), but so far no complications have been detected).
Thanks to psychotherapeutic and educational intervention, language acquisition was achieved, although to date he still requires support due to the difficulties he still presents.
ConclusionsIt is important to take into account the possible side effects of psychopharmacological treatment in patients with an associated congenital syndrome. Intensive and comprehensive follow-up by psychiatry and pediatrics (and later by their primary care physician) should be performed.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Understanding Lithium intoxication in Bipolar Disorder: a comparative analysis and clinical implications
- O. Martin-Santiago, C. D. Andres-Lobo, T. Jimenez-Aparicio, C. Vallecillo-Adame, A. Perez-Escudero
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S298-S299
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Introduction
Lithium treatment is a proven method for bipolar disorder management, but its narrow therapeutic range and the risk of severe side effects, including lithium intoxication, pose significant clinical hurdles. Lithium intoxication, a potentially life-threatening complication, can occur during treatment, raising ongoing questions about its clinical factors, risk elements, and best practices for management.
ObjectivesOur objective is a comparative analysis between patients who have experienced lithium intoxication and those who have not, aiming to identify influencing factors and enhance clinical care.
MethodsWe collected demographic data, age at lithium treatment initiation, treatment duration, therapeutic adherence, Mental Health consultations, and lithium level monitoring from 14 individuals requiring clinical attention due to lithium intoxication and 14 patients with similar gender, age, and diagnosis with lithium treatment but without intoxication during four years of follow-up.
ResultsRegarding the results, the age of onset of lithium treatment in patients with lithium intoxication was 30.2 years (SD=8), and the duration of lithium treatment averaged 11.1 years (SD=8.8), which did not significantly differ from the control group with ages of onset at 38.1 years (SD=15.1) and treatment duration of 9.27 years (SD=8.8), respectively. Lithium intoxication patients developed severe complications, including hospitalizations in medical-surgical units, the necessity for dialysis, and death, one fatal case. Although therapeutic adherence to lithium, measured through pharmaceutical dispensation, exceeded 90% and was comparable in both groups, patients affected by lithium intoxication exhibited a significantly higher treatment discontinuation rate (OR 32.5; 95% CI, 3.1 to 337.8) during the follow-up period. Patients who experienced lithium intoxication had an average of psychiatric consultations every 11.2 months (SD=13.4), with 35.7% not attending at least once a year, while the control group had an appointment every 5.31 months (SD=2.7) (p > 0.05). Lastly, despite both groups having a similar frequency of plasma lithium level monitoring, occurring approximately every 5.5 months (SD=2.6) and 7.8 months (SD=4.8), respectively, in 28.5% of those who suffered from lithium intoxication did not undergo any monitoring for periods exceeding 18 months (p < 0.05).
ConclusionsOur research highlights the significance of delivering thorough clinical care and continuous monitoring to patients receiving lithium treatment for bipolar disorder. Ensuring effectiveness therapeutic adherence and maintaining strict monitoring of lithium levels are critical factors that significantly enhance treatment safety. Appropriate management has the potential to improve the quality and safety of care for people with bipolar disorder who are dependent on lithium therapy.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Impulse phobias during pregnancy: a case report of a 37 year-old woman pregnant of her first child
- M. Ríos-Vaquero, G. Lorenzo-Chapatte, L. Rojas-Vázquez, A. Monllor-Lazarraga, L. Sobrino-Conde, M. J. Mateos-Sexmero, T. Jimenez-Aparicio, M. Calvo-Valcarcel, M. A. Andreo-Vidal, M. P. Pando-Fernández, P. Martínez-Gimeno, M. D. L. A. Guillen-Soto, B. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, N. Navarro-Barriga, M. Fernández-Lozano, A. Aparicio-Parras, M. D. C. Vallecillo-Adame, C. De Andres-Lobo, A. Rodríguez-Campos
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S801
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Introduction
Pregnancy and puerperium are two critical stages for women’s mental health due to the biological stress of pregnancy itself, as well as the emotional stress that surrounds this vital moment. (1) Debut and aggravation of psychiatric symptoms may occur, as well as relapse in women previously diagnosed with Severe Mental Disorder (SMD).
Symptoms of the anxious spectrum are the most frequent within the perinatal mental pathology, being impulse phobias an entity that appears in about 25% of women previously diagnosed with OCD and up to 10-15% of women without previous psychopathology (2)
ObjectivesExposing the importance of Perinatal Mental Health from the presentation of a clinical case.
MethodsReview of the literature available in PubMed. Presentation of the pathobiography and evolution of the patient.
ResultsOur case is about a 37-year-old woman, 30 weeks pregnant with her first child and history of having required admission to Psychiatry with subsequent follow-up in Mental Health for anxious-depressive symptoms with the presence of self-injurious ideas who, after two weeks with multiple life stressors, came to the Emergency Department for the presence of impulse phobias focused on pregnancy with significant internal anguish and ideas of death as a resolution to it, which is why it was decided to hospitalize her. During admission, and taking into account the patient’s gestational state, treatment was started with diluted Mirtazapine and Aripiprazole solution at minimal doses, which in this case were sufficient for symptom control.
The latest guidelines addressing psychopharmacology during pregnancy and lactation point to sertraline among the antidepressants and Lorazepam among the benzodiazepines as the safest drugs during pregnancy (3).
Conclusions- The exacerbation of anxious symptomatology and the presence of gestation-focused impulse phobias are frequent during pregnancy and their intensity increases as the time of delivery approaches.
- Sertraline, Lorazepam, Mirtazapine and Aripiprazole are safe drugs during pregnancy.
- In these women, a close and multidisciplinary follow-up by Psychiatry and Gynecology is advisable.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
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