VIRAL THREAT
Brain-swelling ‘sloth’ fever found across Europe as travellers urged to ‘take precautions’ amid ‘unstoppable’ outbreak
The dengue-like virus has been linked to miscarriages and birth defects
BRITS heading to Latin America have been urged to "take precautions" after 19 cases of 'sloth' fever were detected in tourists heading home to Europe.
Spain, Italy and Germany all reported infections in patients who had recently travelled to Cuba and Brazil where the bug called Oropouch virus is circulating.
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In June and July, 12 cases were reported in Spain, five in Italy, and two in Germany, according to the European Center for Disease Control (ECDC).
The disease is mainly spread by insect bites - including mosquitos - and originates in sloths - hence the nickname: sloth fever.
Currently, there is no evidence to suggest the virus can spread between people.
There are no vaccines to treat the virus, which comes from the same family of diseases that includes Zika virus and Dengue Fever.
Read more on sloth fever
European health chiefs warned of a "moderate" threat to travellers visiting Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru and Cuba.
It also cautioned pregnant women that current data suggests the virus could lead to miscarriage and/or birth defects.
"The impact of OROV infection for pregnant women, foetuses and newborns could therefore be higher than for the general population, although this is still under investigation," they said.
Prof Francois Balloux director of the University College London's Genetics Institute, told the Sun: "In all likelihood, we will see more cases of Oropouche virus [in Europe] over the coming months as the current outbreak is still ongoing."
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A surge in cases of the bug, which is endemic in the Amazon Rainforest, has been recorded in Brazil this year – 7,286, up from 832 in 2023.
And many infections have been recorded in areas that have not previously seen the virus.
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Cuba’s Ministry of Public Health of Cuba first reported Oropouche cases on May 27. Since then a total of 74 cases have been confirmed.
Outbreaks have also been reported in Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru.
Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago have also recorded cases.
HOW TO STAY SAFE
British travellers heading to countries where the virus is circulating have been warned by Prof Francois to "take precautions".
"Since, Oropouche is transmitted by mosquitos, the best way to protect oneself is to take precautions to reduce insect bites," he said.
This includes wearing long-sleeved clothes, using mosquito nets and using insect repellent that contains DEET.
However, Dr Marine J Petit, a virologist from the University of Surrey cautioned that standard insect repellents and mosquito nets might not completely "do the trick".
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This is because the virus can also be spread by tiny midges, which can "slip through the nets and might not be bothered by the usual repellents," she told the Sun..
"My advice will be to monitor symptoms, which may appear in a week's time following the bite by infected midges or mosquitoes," she explained.
Symptoms of Oropouche fever are similar to dengue and include headache, fever, muscle aches, stiff joints, nausea, vomiting, chills, or sensitivity to light.
Severe cases may result in brain diseases such as meningitis, a brain swelling disease.
She also warned Brits travelling to affected countries to avoid cities where the virus has been spotted.
"It might be wise to avoid tropical forests or cities with current outbreaks," she told the Sun.
After Europe warned of its first-ever case of the disease last week, Dr Danny Altmann, a Professor of Immunology at Imperial College London, said "we should definitely be worried" about the spread of this bug.
"Things are changing and may become unstoppable," he told the Telegraph.
FIRST DEATHS
Last month, Brazil reported the world's first deaths from the bug after two women in their early twenties passed away in Bahia state in the northeast of the country,
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The two women, aged 21 and 24, suffered severe bleeding and hypotension and were reported dead on July 25.
In June Brazil's health minister reported a pregnant woman lost her baby at 30 weeks, with the Oropouche virus detected in the umbilical cord and organs.
Oropouche virus: Everything you need to know
Oropouche fever is a disease caused by Oropouche virus
t is spread through the bites of infected midges (small flies) and mosquitoes.
Symptoms of Oropouche fever are similar to dengue and include headache, fever, muscle aches, stiff joints, nausea, vomiting, chills, or sensitivity to light.
Severe cases may result in brain diseases such as meningitis.
Symptoms typically start 4–8 days after being bitten and last 3–6 days.
Most people recover without long-term effects.
There are no specific medications or vaccines are available.
Precautions
Travellers heading to affected areas should take steps to avoid bug bites.
The virus is endemic in many South American countries, in both rural and urban communities.
Outbreaks are periodically reported in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago.
Wear tops with long sleeves and long trousers, apply insect repellent regularly, and sleep under a mosquito net if you are not in enclosed, air-conditioned accommodation.
Source: US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention