Gemma in PyTorch

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This is a quick demo of running Gemma inference in PyTorch. For more details, please check out the Github repo of the official PyTorch implementation here.

Note that:

  • The free Colab CPU Python runtime and T4 GPU Python runtime are sufficient for running the Gemma 2B models and 7B int8 quantized models.
  • For advanced use cases for other GPUs or TPU, please refer to README.md in the official repo.

1. Set up Kaggle access for Gemma

To complete this tutorial, you first need to follow the setup instructions at Gemma setup, which show you how to do the following:

  • Get access to Gemma on kaggle.com.
  • Select a Colab runtime with sufficient resources to run the Gemma model.
  • Generate and configure a Kaggle username and API key.

After you've completed the Gemma setup, move on to the next section, where you'll set environment variables for your Colab environment.

2. Set environment variables

Set environment variables for KAGGLE_USERNAME and KAGGLE_KEY. When prompted with the "Grant access?" messages, agree to provide secret access.

import os
from google.colab import userdata # `userdata` is a Colab API.

os.environ["KAGGLE_USERNAME"] = userdata.get('KAGGLE_USERNAME')
os.environ["KAGGLE_KEY"] = userdata.get('KAGGLE_KEY')

Install dependencies

pip install -q -U torch immutabledict sentencepiece

Download model weights

# Choose variant and machine type
VARIANT = '2b-it'
MACHINE_TYPE = 'cuda'

CONFIG = VARIANT[:2]
if CONFIG == '2b':
  CONFIG = '2b-v2'

import os
import kagglehub

# Load model weights
weights_dir = kagglehub.model_download(f'google/gemma-2-2b/pyTorch/gemma-2-{VARIANT}')

# Ensure that the tokenizer is present
tokenizer_path = os.path.join(weights_dir, 'tokenizer.model')
assert os.path.isfile(tokenizer_path), 'Tokenizer not found!'

# Ensure that the checkpoint is present
ckpt_path = os.path.join(weights_dir, f'model.ckpt')
assert os.path.isfile(ckpt_path), 'PyTorch checkpoint not found!'

Download the model implementation

# NOTE: The "installation" is just cloning the repo.
git clone https://github.com/google/gemma_pytorch.git

Cloning into 'gemma_pytorch'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 239, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (123/123), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (68/68), done.
remote: Total 239 (delta 86), reused 58 (delta 55), pack-reused 116
Receiving objects: 100% (239/239), 2.18 MiB | 20.83 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (135/135), done.

import sys

sys.path.append('gemma_pytorch')

from gemma.config import GemmaConfig, get_model_config
from gemma.model import GemmaForCausalLM
from gemma.tokenizer import Tokenizer
import contextlib
import os
import torch

Setup the model

# Set up model config.
model_config = get_model_config(CONFIG)
model_config.tokenizer = tokenizer_path
model_config.quant = 'quant' in VARIANT

# Instantiate the model and load the weights.
torch.set_default_dtype(model_config.get_dtype())
device = torch.device(MACHINE_TYPE)
model = GemmaForCausalLM(model_config)
model.load_weights(ckpt_path)
model = model.to(device).eval()

Run inference

Below are examples for generating in chat mode and generating with multiple requests.

The instruction-tuned Gemma models were trained with a specific formatter that annotates instruction tuning examples with extra information, both during training and inference. The annotations (1) indicate roles in a conversation, and (2) delineate turns in a conversation.

The relevant annotation tokens are:

  • user: user turn
  • model: model turn
  • <start_of_turn>: beginning of dialogue turn
  • <end_of_turn><eos>: end of dialogue turn

For more information, read about prompt formatting for instruction tuned Gemma models here.

The following is a sample code snippet demonstrating how to format a prompt for an instruction-tuned Gemma model using user and model chat templates in a multi-turn conversation.

# Generate with one request in chat mode

# Chat templates
USER_CHAT_TEMPLATE = "<start_of_turn>user\n{prompt}<end_of_turn><eos>\n"
MODEL_CHAT_TEMPLATE = "<start_of_turn>model\n{prompt}<end_of_turn><eos>\n"

# Sample formatted prompt
prompt = (
    USER_CHAT_TEMPLATE.format(
        prompt='What is a good place for travel in the US?'
    )
    + MODEL_CHAT_TEMPLATE.format(prompt='California.')
    + USER_CHAT_TEMPLATE.format(prompt='What can I do in California?')
    + '<start_of_turn>model\n'
)
print('Chat prompt:\n', prompt)

model.generate(
    USER_CHAT_TEMPLATE.format(prompt=prompt),
    device=device,
    output_len=128,
)

Chat prompt:
 <start_of_turn>user
What is a good place for travel in the US?<end_of_turn><eos>
<start_of_turn>model
California.<end_of_turn><eos>
<start_of_turn>user
What can I do in California?<end_of_turn><eos>
<start_of_turn>model
"California is a state brimming with diverse activities! To give you a great list, tell me: \n\n* **What kind of trip are you looking for?** Nature, City life, Beach, Theme Parks, Food, History, something else? \n* **What are you interested in (e.g., hiking, museums, art, nightlife, shopping)?** \n* **What's your budget like?** \n* **Who are you traveling with?** (family, friends, solo)  \n\nThe more you tell me, the better recommendations I can give! 😊  \n<end_of_turn>"

# Generate sample
model.generate(
    'Write a poem about an llm writing a poem.',
    device=device,
    output_len=100,
)

"\n\nA swirling cloud of data, raw and bold,\nIt hums and whispers, a story untold.\nAn LLM whispers, code into refrain,\nCrafting words of rhyme, a lyrical strain.\n\nA world of pixels, logic's vibrant hue,\nFlows through its veins, forever anew.\nThe human touch it seeks, a gentle hand,\nTo mold and shape, understand.\n\nEmotions it might learn, from snippets of prose,\nInspiration it seeks, a yearning"

Learn more

Now that you have learned how to use Gemma in Pytorch, you can explore the many other things that Gemma can do in ai.google.dev/gemma. See also these other related resources: