No-Knead Bread

Updated Sept. 13, 2024

No-Knead Bread
Jospeph De Leo for The New York Times. Food Stylist: Monica Pierini.
Total Time
1 hour 30 minutes, plus about 20 hours' resting time
Cook Time
1 hour 30 minutes
Rating
5(19,728)
Notes
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Here is one of the most popular recipes The Times has ever published, courtesy of Jim Lahey, owner of Sullivan Street Bakery. It requires no kneading. It uses no special ingredients, equipment or techniques. And it takes very little effort — only time. You will need 24 hours to create the bread, but much of this is unattended waiting, a slow fermentation of the dough that results in a perfect loaf. (We've updated the recipe to reflect changes Mark Bittman made to the recipe in 2006 after publishing and receiving reader feedback. The original recipe called for 3 cups flour; we've adjusted it to call for 3⅓ cups/430 grams flour.) In 2021, J. Kenji López-Alt revisited the recipe and shared his own tweaked version. —Mark Bittman

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Ingredients

Yield:One 1½-pound loaf
  • 3⅓cups/430 grams all-purpose or bread flour, plus more for dusting
  • Generous ¼ teaspoon/1 gram instant yeast
  • 2teaspoons/8 grams kosher salt
  • Cornmeal or wheat bran, as needed
Ingredient Substitution Guide

Preparation

  1. Step 1

    In a large bowl combine flour, yeast and salt. Add 1½ cups/345 grams water and stir until blended; dough will be shaggy and sticky. Cover bowl with plastic wrap. Let dough rest at least 12 hours, preferably about 18, at warm room temperature, about 70 degrees.

  2. Step 2

    Dough is ready when its surface is dotted with bubbles. Lightly flour a work surface and place dough on it; sprinkle it with a little more flour and fold it over on itself once or twice. Cover loosely with plastic wrap and let rest about 15 minutes.

  3. Step 3

    Using just enough flour to keep dough from sticking to work surface or to your fingers, gently and quickly shape dough into a ball. Generously coat a cotton towel (not terry cloth) with flour, wheat bran or cornmeal; put dough seam side down on towel and dust with more flour, bran or cornmeal. Cover with another cotton towel and let rise for about 2 hours. When it is ready, dough will be more than double in size and will not readily spring back when poked with a finger.

  4. Step 4

    At least a half-hour before dough is ready, heat oven to 450 degrees. Put a 6- to 8-quart heavy covered pot (cast iron, enamel, Pyrex or ceramic) in oven as it heats. When dough is ready, carefully remove pot from oven. Slide your hand under towel and turn dough over into pot, seam side up; it may look like a mess, but that is OK. Shake pan once or twice if dough is unevenly distributed; it will straighten out as it bakes. Cover with lid and bake 30 minutes, then remove lid and bake another 15 to 30 minutes, until loaf is beautifully browned. Cool on a rack.

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5 out of 5
19,728 user ratings
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Cooking Notes

Where you use towels to hold the dough, I use parchment paper...then I grab the paper, lower it into the 450 degree pot put on the lid, and bake it. No sticking. No burning.

My results were equally perplexing. I used 3 c of flour. Added 1 c butter and 2 c semi sweet morsels. Two eggs and some vanilla. Instead of forming a loaf, I spooned tablespoon sized balls on a baking sheet. Baked for 10 mins at 350. Came out tasting like chocolate chip cookies!!! Not sure what I did wrong. Maybe a little more tweaking will help.

I'm kidding, but you didn't follow a single thing from the original recipe. Your comment has nothing to do with Bittman's recipe.

I've made this for years. I double or triple the batch and after rising 2 hours I put it, tightly covered, in the fridge. The next day I take out a large handful/grapefruit sized amount of dough, shape it and let it rise on the counter on a lightly floured silpat covered with a kitchen towel for 1-2 hours depending on how much time I have. Follow the preheat directions and use the silpat to transfer the dough to the pot. You'll have dough for days and it will taste more complex as days pass.

In a follow-up article, Bittman's article added the recommended weights for the ingredients.
430 grams flour
1 gram yeast
8 grams salt
345 grams water

Bittman also noted he settled on just under a tablespoon of salt -- call it 16 or 17 grams. I use 16 grams.

I've made this for years and, at the outset, found that last rise outside the bowl was a disaster--dough stuck to whatever it was placed on and sprawled all over the counter if left unchecked. I started to do all the rises, including the last one of two to three hours, inside the same steel bowl, and have never looked back. Easier and we've found has the same results

Maybe this will help you: I line a bowl with parchment for the second rise. At that point the dough sticks somewhat. But when it's time to bake, I pick it up by the 4 corners of the parchment and just plop the whole thing into my preheated Creuset Dutch oven, put on the lid, and bake as directed. The parchment peels off easily after baking. The crust is amazingly crisp and the crumb is like in the picture. Just had some with supper tonight.

By weight:
450 g flour
315 g water
9 g salt (1 1/2 tsp.)
1/4 tsp. dry yeast
Or:
450 g flour
285 g water
9 g salt
60 g sourdough starter (100% hydration ratio - 30 g each flour and water)

You can't always get what you want. But if you try sometimes, you find you get what you don't knead.

Not 1/4 teaspoon yeast ; but 1/4 ounce equals 2 and 1/2 teaspoons of yeast. Made it as recipe states once ! Obviously flat! Excellent bread

Note to all cooks who use a LeCruset with the Phenolic knob - it is only oven safe to 375 (it will explode and melt in your oven if you put it in the oven at 450). Best to replace with the stainless steel knob, which LeCruset says can withstand any oven temp (available at many retailers and inexpensive).

I have been making this for years. Every time I do, folks declare it the best bread they've ever had. Tip: for an airier crust, increase the water to 1-3/4 cup. I for this tip at th Scottsdale Farmers' Market from the bread chef at The Phoenician resort.

I have been making this for years too and do a lot of variations. Diane: it helped me get over my fear of baking. Also check out Bittman's variations. These days I usually use 1 cup of whole wheat, 2 cups of unbleached white bread flour, handfuls of pumpkin, sunflower, poppy and sesame seed, and one heaping half tsp of instant yeast.
Susan: The towel is definitely the hardest part of the recipe! So I let it rise in a greased bowl, covered.

For those looking to improve the flavor, try slowing the rise!
Cooler temperatures encourage bacterial fermentation, converting starches to sugars that result in a more complex flavor.
After shaping the loaf in step 3, try refrigerating the dough overnight, then allow 6-8 hours at room temperature for the final rise, instead of 2.
It increases the time from 24 hours to as much as 48 (or more), but you'll never know unless you try...
I also prefer more salt.

I have made this general recipe weekly for 5 years...I find it extremely forgiving. I double it, cover, leave it overnight. I stir it away from the sides in the a.m. pop it onto a floured board, cut in 2. Fold each one into itself, make a nice balls. Cover with towel 35 min, while containers heat up. Place each one into the hot dish, place cover on and bake. Gorgeous crusty round bread when done! Slightly more or less of any ingredient doesn't make or break--it is an amazing recipe.

I've made Mr Lahey's bread so many times I've lost count. I've stopped buying bread in stores. I converted the volumetric measures for flour and water to grams and use this recipe: 430g bread flour, 345g water, .25tsp dry active yeast, 1.75 tsp course salt. I use an electronic scale to weigh the flour and water. Works every time.

I have struggled with no-knead recipes (I end up with flattish loaves), but this one was glorious. I used the original measurements and followed the video. The only thing I might do differently is turn the dough out onto a piece of baking parchment prior to putting it into the dutch oven. I am already making another batch for tomorrow.

Love the video — great sense of humor. I especially appreciate your not obsessing over measurements. I get my scale out and measure flour to the gram when I bake. Thank you for showing the ease.

On my first try at 450 the bottom of the bread was a bit burned. On my second try I lowered it to 425, baked for 35 min, then 20 uncovered and found this worked better.

Could this recipe (which I've made and love) also be used to make rolls? Just curious if anyone has tried it and any tips to share? I'm guessing the same process but simply reducing the bake time? (Instead of a loaf, I'm looking for a recipe to make an equally amazing batch of rolls.)

@Terence Canada , me too but I was lucky and had already scorched it so I didn’t care. Warning to those with beautiful new Le Creset dutch oven pans. You might consider a cheap a lodge cast iron pan to bake bread. My complaint there is the seal is not as good so the crust is not thick and crunchy. I partially solved with a sheet of tin foil before adding the lid to bake but still not as good. So I stick with my scorched and beloved original.

THIS IS SOOOOO GOOOOOOOOOOOD! Make compound butter to go with it, and it is even better.

1/2 Whole wheat flour Double yeast?

I love crunchy baked bread but, I am really not a baker so I have been trying different recipes trying to find an easy one and no knead. I purchased a Dutch Oven, my first!! for making bread. I did try a couple of other recipes but this one is by far the BEST and easiest to make. It does take a long time but it it so worth it. I am making my second load this week. I love this bread!!! Thank you for sharing the recipe with us Bread Lovers!!

This always works and is very forgiving, no need to be precise with measurements. I have made it adding a spoonful of sugar, some (a lot) cinnamon and some raisins and it's the perfect breakfast toast. Make it smaller, make it bigger, just make it.

This wonderful recipe calls for a dutch oven baked at 450 for 30 min covered and 20 min uncovered. Is it possible to bake using a 13x5 loaf pan ... and what would the temperature and timings be? Thanks

Could you use a proofing basket for the second rise vs the two towels? Or does this bread need more room to spread?

Oh my…. I must be the only person on the planet whose bread was a disaster. Followed the recipe as written except mistakenly doubled the salt based on a comments re: updates to the recipe. Everything else was exactly as written. The result was more like a hockey puck than a loaf of bread- dense, heavy and of course, salty. My husband, always one to look on the bright side, said, “but the crust is beautiful,” which it was, but the bread was inedible. Could too much salt cause this result?

Yes. If you search you’ll find that salt is important, but one thing it does is inhibit the yeast - in a good way in the right amount, but not if too much. The recipe’s 8g is about the (often suggested) 2% max, for the weight of flour specified.

Am I the only one whose Le Creuset has lost its inside glaze b/c of the bread baking?

Is it essential to seal the first rise with plastic wrap? Does it help create a slightly low oxygen environment that encourages particular bacteria or fungi? How different would it be to cover with a plate, providing the dough stays moist?

Miracle bread. Couldn't be simpler. Couldn't be tastier.

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Credits

Adapted from Jim Lahey, Sullivan Street Bakery

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