Thomas Alslev Christensen

This study offers new insights and knowledge to the question; what is the effect of investments in private R&D? The results show that across Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland, there is a positive return on additional investments in corporate R&D. This implies that in each of the four Nordic countries for the average company an additional euro invested in R&D has a positive net-return.

At country level, Danish companies obtain the highest marginal rate of return on R&D capital of 34.2… Vis mere

This study offers new insights and knowledge to the question; what is the effect of investments in private R&D? The results show that across Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland, there is a positive return on additional investments in corporate R&D. This implies that in each of the four Nordic countries for the average company an additional euro invested in R&D has a positive net-return.

At country level, Danish companies obtain the highest marginal rate of return on R&D capital of 34.2 percent. Finnish and Norwegian companies both obtain a marginal rate of return of 22.7 percent, while Swedish companies obtain a marginal rate of return of 16.4 percent. Though the companies have experienced one of the worst economic crises in history, they are still able to generate a strong rate of return on their corporate R&D investments. Vis mindre

Since 2007 the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (DASTI) has conducted a number of econometric impact studies of Danish innovation schemes. The studies are carried out in cooperation with Danish researchers and ministries, and are a key element of the evidence-based policy making. To secure the same standard across the different research and innovation programmes, DASTI has formulated nine principles as minimum requirements and standards on methods and data for excellent… Vis mere

Since 2007 the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (DASTI) has conducted a number of econometric impact studies of Danish innovation schemes. The studies are carried out in cooperation with Danish researchers and ministries, and are a key element of the evidence-based policy making. To secure the same standard across the different research and innovation programmes, DASTI has formulated nine principles as minimum requirements and standards on methods and data for excellent econometric impact assessments of public research and innovation programmes and policies.

The manual has been implemented in accordance with the most recent and best econometric research methods, which facilitates publication of methods and results in the most respected international journals in the relevant fields. The manual also summarise the results of different impact studies carried out on Danish research and innovation programmes and policies. The manual provides an overview of a comprehensive set of input, output, outcome and impact performance indicators, which are well suited to measure the effect of research and innovation programmes. e.g. in the cases where the main purpose of the programme may be non-economic activities or limited access to quantitative micro data and long-time series. The handbook is also available in German language. Vis mindre

In der Politik vieler nordeuropäischer Länder werden Investitionen in Forschung, Innovation und Bildung kombiniert. Daraus haben sich neue nationale Strategien für Innovation und Forschung ergeben, was wiederum zu Reformen ministerialer Strukturen, Änderungen in der Verantwortlichkeit von Agenturen und/oder organisatorischen Änderungen in Förderorganisationen geführt hat. Dänemark ist ein Beispiel dafür. Das dänische Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Innovation und Hochschulbildung wurde… Vis mere

In der Politik vieler nordeuropäischer Länder werden Investitionen in Forschung, Innovation und Bildung kombiniert. Daraus haben sich neue nationale Strategien für Innovation und Forschung ergeben, was wiederum zu Reformen ministerialer Strukturen, Änderungen in der Verantwortlichkeit von Agenturen und/oder organisatorischen Änderungen in Förderorganisationen geführt hat. Dänemark ist ein Beispiel dafür. Das dänische Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Innovation und Hochschulbildung wurde 2001 gegründet und 2011 reformiert. Die dänische Agentur für Wissenschaft, Technologie und Innovation wurde 2006 etabliert. Der Artikel beschreibt die Geschichte der dänischen Innovationspolitik 2001-2013. Er ist eine kurze Beschreibung der Geschichte der dänischen Innovationspolitik und verschiedener Instrumente.
Vis mindre

In economic and innovation policy the term „cluster“ is usually used to explain geographical concentrations of economic and innovation activities. According to conventional wisdom clusters support economic development through the specialization of regions in activities within which companies gain higher productivity through accessing external economies of scale or other comparative advantages. During the past 15 years clusters and innovative networks have gained more and more importance as an… Vis mere

In economic and innovation policy the term „cluster“ is usually used to explain geographical concentrations of economic and innovation activities. According to conventional wisdom clusters support economic development through the specialization of regions in activities within which companies gain higher productivity through accessing external economies of scale or other comparative advantages. During the past 15 years clusters and innovative networks have gained more and more importance as an element of economic development and innovation strategies in Europe. This analysis challenge conventional wisdom of what drives development and innovation within a cluster. Based on the largest international analysis of its kind involving a simultaneous benchmarking of more than 260 clusters and cluster policies from 24 countries it is found that the economic impacts of clusters depend on many more factors not related to the specialization of regions through the geographical concentration of the cluster than earlier research suggests. Cluster management excellence and the spectrum and frequency of business-related services of the cluster organization are important determinants for the impact of a cluster. The analyses show many other key determinants for the development and characteristics of a cluster such as internationalization activities, R&D activities, age, and technology areas. The overall objective is to contribute to the development of outstanding clusters through excellent management and excellent cluster programs. The project pays particular attention on the characteristics of cluster management organizations and their effects on cluster development. More than 260 cluster management organizations from 16 countries were benchmarked. 34 cluster programs from 24 countries were analyzed to facilitate a better understanding of successful strategies and mutual learning between the program owners and to develop recommendations for a “perfect” cluster program. Vis mindre

In economic and innovation policy the term „cluster“ is usually used to explain geographical concentrations of economic and innovation activities. According to conventional wisdom clusters support economic development through the specialization of regions in activities within which companies gain higher productivity through accessing external economies of scale or other comparative advantages. During the past 15 years clusters and innovative networks have gained more and more importance as an… Vis mere

In economic and innovation policy the term „cluster“ is usually used to explain geographical concentrations of economic and innovation activities. According to conventional wisdom clusters support economic development through the specialization of regions in activities within which companies gain higher productivity through accessing external economies of scale or other comparative advantages. During the past 15 years clusters and innovative networks have gained more and more importance as an element of economic development and innovation strategies in Europe. This analysis challenge conventional wisdom of what drives development and innovation within a cluster. Based on the largest international analysis of its kind involving a simultaneous benchmarking of more than 260 clusters and cluster policies from 24 countries it is found that the economic impacts of clusters depend on many more factors not related to the specialization of regions through the geographical concentration of the cluster than earlier research suggests. Cluster management excellence and the spectrum and frequency of business-related services of the cluster organization are important determinants for the impact of a cluster. The analyses show many other key determinants for the development and characteristics of a cluster such as internationalization activities, R&D activities, age, and technology areas. The overall objective is to contribute to the development of outstanding clusters through excellent management and excellent cluster programs. The project pays particular attention on the characteristics of cluster management organizations and their effects on cluster development. More than 260 cluster management organizations from 16 countries were benchmarked. 34 cluster programs from 24 countries were analyzed to facilitate a better understanding of successful strategies and mutual learning between the program owners and to develop recommendations for a “perfect” cluster program. Vis mindre

Each country has specific traditions of policies, different regulations, cultures and economic circumstances. The report contains what may be regarded by the best possible cluster policies, cluster programmes and cluster evaluation methods. No previous experiences can be directly applied to circumstances and not all elements of “The Perfect Cluster Policy and Cluster Programme” can be fully implemented in all countries. It is better to select the best practice elements of the other programmes… Vis mere

Each country has specific traditions of policies, different regulations, cultures and economic circumstances. The report contains what may be regarded by the best possible cluster policies, cluster programmes and cluster evaluation methods. No previous experiences can be directly applied to circumstances and not all elements of “The Perfect Cluster Policy and Cluster Programme” can be fully implemented in all countries. It is better to select the best practice elements of the other programmes examined that could suit the prevailing conditions and thus create a personalised model. However, as economic circumstances are subject to continuous change, what the actors of a model really need is the stability and the stable principles of any model. It is our hope that this report will be of great assistance to policy makers and cluster programme owners so that they can apply innovative approaches to their respective cluster policies and stimulate new developments. Vis mindre

The purpose of the Central Innovation Manual is to establish a number of minimum requirements and standards for the implementation of excellent econometric impact analyses of the innovation policy instruments of the Danish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education. CIM focuses on how to set up a framework for a “standard” impact assessment procedure that makes it possible to conduct excellent impact assessments of research, innovation and industrial policy and compare the impacts of… Vis mere

The purpose of the Central Innovation Manual is to establish a number of minimum requirements and standards for the implementation of excellent econometric impact analyses of the innovation policy instruments of the Danish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education. CIM focuses on how to set up a framework for a “standard” impact assessment procedure that makes it possible to conduct excellent impact assessments of research, innovation and industrial policy and compare the impacts of different policies. An excellent econometric impact analysis of innovation policy is defined as a performance measurement of an innovation policy instrument that has been implemented in accordance with the most recent and best econometric research methods, and accordingly has a research quality allowing publication of methods and results in the most respected international journals in the relevant fields. Vis mindre

In der nationalen Innovationsstrategie Dänemarks ist das dänische Industrie-Ph.D.-Programm eines der ältesten und am sorgfältigsten getesteten Instrumente der Forschungs- und Innovationspolitik. Das Industrie-Ph.D.-Programm, das alle drei Elemente des Wissensdreiecks (Ausbildung, Forschung und Innovation) kombiniert, wurde 1971 in Dänemark etabliert. Es ist interna- tional anerkannt für seine Kombination von Unternehmens- erfahrung und akademischer Forschung. Seit 2002 gehört es zu den… Vis mere

In der nationalen Innovationsstrategie Dänemarks ist das dänische Industrie-Ph.D.-Programm eines der ältesten und am sorgfältigsten getesteten Instrumente der Forschungs- und Innovationspolitik. Das Industrie-Ph.D.-Programm, das alle drei Elemente des Wissensdreiecks (Ausbildung, Forschung und Innovation) kombiniert, wurde 1971 in Dänemark etabliert. Es ist interna- tional anerkannt für seine Kombination von Unternehmens- erfahrung und akademischer Forschung. Seit 2002 gehört es zu den Innovationsförderungsinitiativen des Dänischen Rats für Technologie und Innovation und wird für den Rat von der Dänischen Agentur für Forschung, Technologie und Innovation verwaltet. Das Programm wurde mehrmals evaluiert, und sowohl 2011, 2012 und 2013 wurden Analysen und Effektmessungen durchgeführt. Vis mindre

The report "Business Research, Development and Innovation in Denmark - policies and effects" describes the Danish innovation system and selected important innovation policy schemes and presents new analyses of the impact of enterprise R&D&I and impact assessment of selected innovation policy schemes:
1. Read about the Danish research and innovation system under the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education.
2. Find the description of selected Danish innovation policy… Vis mere

The report "Business Research, Development and Innovation in Denmark - policies and effects" describes the Danish innovation system and selected important innovation policy schemes and presents new analyses of the impact of enterprise R&D&I and impact assessment of selected innovation policy schemes:
1. Read about the Danish research and innovation system under the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education.
2. Find the description of selected Danish innovation policy instruments.
3. Know about the impact assesments of innovation policies.
Vis mindre

This report challenges the "conventional wisdom of Porter's cluster theory". Analyses of 140 clusters and 16 cluster programmes have provided a comprehensive set of novel information and new knowledge about the characteristics of cluster management organizations and clusters in terms of age, size, composition of membership, regional concentration and financing.

The key findings of the comprehensive benchmarking analyses of cluster management organizations are set out in a report prepared… Vis mere

This report challenges the "conventional wisdom of Porter's cluster theory". Analyses of 140 clusters and 16 cluster programmes have provided a comprehensive set of novel information and new knowledge about the characteristics of cluster management organizations and clusters in terms of age, size, composition of membership, regional concentration and financing.

The key findings of the comprehensive benchmarking analyses of cluster management organizations are set out in a report prepared in joint effort by the partners in "NGPExcellence – Cluster Excellence in the Nordic Countries, Germany and Poland“. The report also provides eight policy recommendations for future developments of cluster programmes.

Follow this link to the report: http://ufm.dk/en/publications/2011/files-2011/clusters_indhold_web_v2.pdf Vis mindre