A New Online Service for the Validation of Multi-GNSS Orbits Using SLR
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Ranging the GNSS Constellation
1.2. Role of GOVUS in the Development of SLR and Multi-GNSS
1.3. The Objective and Structure of This Paper
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. System Overview and Description of Processing Flow
2.2. Structure and Functionality
- The table called “observation” contains one record for each SLR residual row resulted from the validation process. Additionally, local time of observation is calculated, in reference to the related station’s longitude.
- The table called “station” describes the features of each single SLR station including information about: code (4 letter shortcode), id (4-digits number unique for the station), country, tectonic plate, operational sub-network, CDDIS number, coordinates, primary wavelength, detector type, signal processing, mode of operation, timer type, max repetition rate, laser power, laser type, beam diameter, pulse width, max energy and date of update. All information is filled in based on the official ILRS stations site logs.
- The table called “satellite” describes features of each satellite from all systems, GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS, and contains information about: Satellite Vehicle Number (SVN) (unique for each satellite but not generally structured), NORAD, COSPAR, slot in orbital plane, orbital plane number, satellite type/generation, satellite system, information about the LRA (size, shape, type of coating, number of retroreflectors in array, and dimension of a single retroreflector), and information about the orbit (semi-major axis, altitude, revolution period, inclination, and eccentricity)
- The table called ”satellite_tv” (satellites’ time variables) describes the time-dependent features of each satellite such as: SVN (identifier of the satellite, to which variables are referred), PRN (Pseudo Random Noise, which is different for each satellite in particular system and indicates the channel number of the satellite microwave signal transmission; however, the satellite can be associated with different PRN numbers during its lifetime), generation (chronological number of change for the particular satellite), time interval for the time variables, microwave antenna offset, and LRA offset in reference to the satellite center of mass (CoM).
2.3. Capabilities of GOVUS with Respect to the Critical Issues of SLR and Multi-GNSS
2.4. Tools for Identification of GNSS Satellites in GOVUS
- PRN2SVN allows for checking which satellites (SVN) were related with the particular broadcast channel (PRN) in the selected range of time.
- SVN2PRN informs to which channel (PRN) from the satellite system a particular satellite (SVN) was assigned.
- CONSTELLATION shows the complete list of the satellites (SVN) which constituted the constellation of the particular satellite system in the specified date.
2.5. GOVUS SQL Explorer
3. Results
3.1. Assessment of the Orbit Quality
3.2. Discussion on Possible Directions of the System Development for the Future
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
NR | Detector | Timer | MRR (Hz) | PW (ps) | WL (nm) | ME (mJ) | AVG (mm) | Median (mm) | STD (mm) | Slope E (mm/°) | Zenith (mm) | Slope N (mm/°) | Nadir (mm) | Obs. No. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7839 | CSPAD | Event | 2000 | 10 | 532 | 0.4 | −9.7 | −7.6 | 31.1 | 0.08 | −12.8 | 0.44 | −13.5 | 11320 |
7237 | CSPAD | Event | 1000 | 25 | 532 | 1 | −22.8 | −24.2 | 38.7 | 0.40 | −40.7 | 2.22 | −44.3 | 10486 |
7840 | CSPAD | Event | 2000 | 10 | 532 | 0.5 | −9.3 | −7.9 | 28.4 | 0.06 | −11.6 | 0.32 | −12.0 | 7277 |
7825 | CSPAD | Event | 60 | 10 | 532 | 21 | −8.0 | −8.8 | 30.3 | 0.17 | −13.3 | 0.83 | −14.0 | 5739 |
7821 | CSPAD | Event | 1000 | 20 | 532 | 1 | −24.9 | −23.1 | 37.1 | 0.43 | −40.2 | 2.08 | −42.1 | 5385 |
7810 | CSPAD | Event | 110 | 60 | 532 | 10 | −19.0 | −17.2 | 29.1 | 0.08 | −22.3 | 0.43 | −23.0 | 3981 |
7249 | CSPAD | Event | 1000 | 10 | 532 | 1.5 | −21.2 | −22.7 | 45.4 | −0.22 | −14.6 | −1.03 | −13.7 | 1901 |
7827 | APD | Event | 1000 | 40 | 850 | 0.65 | −2.3 | −0.4 | 28.2 | −0.09 | 1.2 | −0.44 | 1.6 | 3929 |
7090 | MCP | Interval | 10 | 150 | 532 | 100 | −23.4 | −22.1 | 29.8 | −0.14 | −17.4 | −0.64 | −17.3 | 16474 |
8834 | MCP | Event | 20 | 50 | 532 | 100 | −35.7 | −34.3 | 27.7 | −0.06 | −33.8 | −0.23 | −34.0 | 7624 |
7941 | MCP | Event | 10 | 50 | 532 | 100 | −34.4 | −29.1 | 30.4 | −0.09 | −31.4 | −0.39 | −31.4 | 4599 |
7105 | MCP | Interval | 10 | 200 | 532 | 100 | −25.7 | −19.8 | 48.0 | −0.08 | −22.9 | −0.44 | −22.1 | 3486 |
7110 | MCP | Interval | 10 | 150 | 532 | 100 | −21.7 | −13.3 | 35.0 | −0.26 | −11.8 | −1.17 | −11.7 | 1285 |
7124 | MCP | Interval | 10 | 200 | 532 | 100 | −33.2 | −27.1 | 35.1 | 0.26 | −44.2 | 1.53 | −47.4 | 1193 |
1879 | PMT | Event | 300 | 150 | 532 | 2.5 | −17.1 | −18.3 | 38.9 | 0.27 | −27.4 | 1.39 | −29.1 | 7182 |
1868 | PMT | Event | 300 | 300 | 532 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 39.6 | −0.39 | 18.2 | −1.85 | 19.2 | 6221 |
1887 | PMT | Event | 300 | 300 | 532 | 2.5 | −53.2 | −49.7 | 32.9 | 0.06 | −55.5 | 0.36 | −56.2 | 4300 |
7407 | PMT | Event | 300 | 200 | 532 | 2.5 | −19.0 | −17.0 | 36.8 | −0.01 | −18.6 | 0.02 | −19.2 | 4236 |
1886 | PMT | Event | 300 | 300 | 532 | 2.5 | 7.8 | 14.4 | 46.9 | −1.59 | 64.8 | −7.58 | 69.9 | 3492 |
7841 | PMT | Event | 2000 | 10 | 532 | 0.4 | −22.8 | −22.4 | 27.1 | 0.17 | −27.7 | 0.80 | −28.3 | 2631 |
1891 | PMT | Event | 300 | 250 | 532 | 2.5 | −22.1 | −16.6 | 36.2 | −0.22 | −16.0 | −0.94 | −15.9 | 1978 |
1889 | PMT | Event | 300 | 300 | 532 | 2.5 | −1.4 | 1.6 | 37.4 | −0.24 | 6.3 | −1.12 | 6.8 | 1222 |
7501 | PMT | Interval | 10 | 200 | 532 | 100 | −16.5 | −15.6 | 23.8 | 0.15 | −22.9 | 0.81 | −24.1 | 1052 |
1874 | PMT | Event | 300 | 300 | 532 | 2.5 | −20.1 | −18.2 | 24.8 | −0.28 | −12.5 | −1.25 | −12.0 | 971 |
1890 | PMT | Event | 300 | 300 | 532 | 2.5 | −18.9 | −12.3 | 40.4 | −0.29 | −12.4 | −1.32 | −11.8 | 708 |
SVN | Type | First NP (DD-MM-YY) | Last NP (DD-MM-YY) | 2012–2014 | January 2015–July 2017 | August 2017–September 2017 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AVG (mm) | STD (mm) | Slope E (mm/°) | Obs. No. | AVG (mm) | STD (mm) | Slope E (mm/°) | Obs.No. | AVG (mm) | STD (mm) | Slope E (mm/°) | Obs. No. | ||||
35 | II | 25-05-12 | 04-05-13 | −27 | 28 | −0.1 | 671 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
36 | II | 24-05-12|28-09-15 | 03-03-14|26-10-15 | −30 | 26 | −0.2 | 4030 | −36 | 33 | −0.5 | 139 | - | - | - | - |
101 | IOV | 25-05-12 | active | −60 | 80 | −2.1 | 13411 | −44 | 35 | −0.5 | 12388 | −4 | 18 | −0.1 | 417 |
102 | IOV | 24-05-12 | active | −63 | 75 | −1.9 | 13863 | −44 | 31 | −0.2 | 11234 | −10 | 16 | 0.0 | 397 |
103 | IOV | 03-12-12 | active | −59 | 76 | −2.1 | 10202 | −46 | 38 | −0.5 | 12571 | −10 | 25 | −0.2 | 532 |
104 | IOV | 15-12-12 | 27-05-14 | −56 | 75 | −2.1 | 7701 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
201 | FOC* | 11-12-14 | active | −50 | 53 | −1.6 | 29 | −28 | 31 | −0.1 | 9045 | 2 | 23 | 0.1 | 291 |
202 | FOC* | 18-03-15 | active | - | - | - | - | −28 | 32 | −0.2 | 6374 | −2 | 20 | 0.2 | 261 |
203 | FOC | 27-05-15 | active | - | - | - | - | −38 | 38 | −0.6 | 5412 | 2 | 24 | −0.1 | 234 |
204 | FOC | 24-05-15 | active | - | - | - | - | −38 | 38 | −0.7 | 5562 | 6 | 17 | −0.2 | 280 |
205 | FOC | 09-11-15 | active | - | - | - | - | −40 | 35 | −0.5 | 5202 | −13 | 33 | −0.6 | 326 |
206 | FOC | 10-11-15 | active | - | - | - | - | −41 | 36 | −0.5 | 4718 | −7 | 27 | −0.5 | 281 |
207 | FOC | 23-03-17 | active | - | - | - | - | −38 | 39 | −0.9 | 824 | −1 | 26 | −0.2 | 268 |
208 | FOC | 26-02-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −42 | 37 | −0.7 | 5273 | −8 | 22 | −0.1 | 366 |
209 | FOC | 25-02-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −39 | 37 | −0.7 | 5202 | −1 | 22 | −0.3 | 388 |
210 | FOC | 01-09-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −34 | 34 | −0.3 | 2437 | −7 | 26 | −0.4 | 305 |
211 | FOC | 02-09-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −34 | 35 | −0.3 | 2308 | −10 | 28 | −0.3 | 255 |
212 | FOC | 01-05-17 | active | - | - | - | - | −36 | 26 | −0.4 | 952 | 3 | 22 | −0.3 | 371 |
213 | FOC | 01-05-17 | active | - | - | - | - | −33 | 26 | −0.4 | 1094 | 2 | 21 | −0.3 | 466 |
214 | FOC | 22-03-17 | active | - | - | - | - | −38 | 35 | −0.5 | 948 | −2 | 30 | −0.4 | 291 |
301 | GIOVE | 25-05-12 | 18-06-12 | 136 | 67 | −2.1 | 129 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
302 | GIOVE | 25-05-12 | 23-07-12 | 58 | 44 | 0.6 | 365 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
408 | BDS-2 IGSO | 30-10-13 | active | −39 | 57 | 0.7 | 1737 | −35 | 55 | 0.4 | 3582 | −30 | 21 | 0.3 | 95 |
410 | BDS-2 IGSO | 27-10-13 | active | −14 | 64 | 0.6 | 2686 | −14 | 58 | 0.9 | 3889 | −12 | 33 | 0.2 | 192 |
412 | BDS-2 MEO | 28-10-13 | active | −6 | 43 | −0.2 | 3534 | −10 | 38 | -0.1 | 6399 | −12 | 19 | 0.2 | 239 |
417 | BDS-2 IGSO | 20-07-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −20 | 55 | 1.2 | 1526 | −44 | 54 | 1.8 | 72 |
501 | QZS-1 | 01-01-14 | active | −46 | 128 | 4.0 | 1056 | −96 | 77 | 1.6 | 3039 | −29 | 101 | 1.1 | 154 |
712 | M | 21-10-12 | 18-12-12 | 12 | 47 | 0.0 | 77 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
714 | M | 08-03-14 | 12-10-15 | 43 | 32 | 2.0 | 30 | −15 | 83 | 2.3 | 253 | - | - | - | - |
715 | M | 25-05-12 | 03-07-17 | −12 | 43 | 0.8 | 2847 | −10 | 39 | 0.3 | 2587 | - | - | - | - |
716 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −3 | 43 | 0.7 | 5823 | −6 | 26 | 0.2 | 2945 | −5 | 30 | −0.5 | 145 |
717 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −3 | 44 | 1.0 | 3627 | −5 | 31 | 0.6 | 2841 | 15 | 17 | 0.4 | 116 |
719 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −7 | 32 | 0.4 | 2628 | −18 | 33 | −0.1 | 2287 | 1 | 24 | −0.4 | 41 |
720 | M | 24-05-12 | active | −8 | 30 | 0.5 | 2787 | −21 | 31 | −0.6 | 2431 | 8 | 27 | −1.2 | 39 |
721 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −12 | 33 | 0.4 | 3186 | −27 | 32 | −0.2 | 2829 | −2 | 23 | 0.2 | 165 |
723 | M | 25-05-12 | 02-03-16 | −27 | 44 | −0.4 | 6589 | −63 | 81 | −2.1 | 1396 | - | - | - | - |
724 | M | 24-05-12 | 11-02-14 | −10 | 41 | 0.5 | 3170 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
725 | M | 26-05-12 | 31-07-14 | −16 | 38 | −0.7 | 2384 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
728 | M | 25-05-12 | 25-06-13 | −39 | 29 | 0.2 | 1298 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
729 | M | 25-05-12 | 11-09-12 | −35 | 32 | 0.7 | 2109 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
730 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −16 | 33 | 0.1 | 3366 | −27 | 38 | −0.9 | 2425 | −35 | 42 | −1.2 | 142 |
731 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −14 | 29 | 0.3 | 6081 | −27 | 32 | −0.5 | 6485 | −2 | 19 | −0.5 | 73 |
732 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −13 | 30 | 0.6 | 6631 | 10 | 40 | 1.0 | 6433 | −28 | 36 | 1.3 | 68 |
733 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −6 | 33 | 0.6 | 2852 | −2 | 30 | 0.2 | 2207 | 34 | 31 | 1.0 | 120 |
734 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −3 | 38 | 0.4 | 5238 | −7 | 31 | −0.2 | 2667 | −7 | 21 | −0.1 | 104 |
735 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −6 | 31 | 0.5 | 6555 | −2 | 37 | 0.5 | 7297 | 2 | 32 | 1.0 | 114 |
736 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −6 | 52 | 1.1 | 10894 | 2 | 46 | 0.8 | 9286 | 0 | 27 | 0.3 | 450 |
737 | M | 25-05-12 | 21-11-16 | −21 | 36 | 0.3 | 11603 | −41 | 81 | −1.8 | 11614 | - | - | - | - |
738 | M | 25-05-12 | 13-02-16 | −11 | 38 | 0.7 | 11024 | −13 | 32 | 0.4 | 6222 | - | - | - | - |
742 | M | 24-05-12 | active | −12 | 31 | 0.5 | 10610 | −12 | 26 | −0.3 | 12500 | −9 | 28 | −0.1 | 600 |
743 | M | 23-09-12 | active | −13 | 29 | 0.3 | 7566 | −18 | 29 | −0.4 | 11436 | −15 | 24 | −0.3 | 542 |
744 | M | 24-05-12 | active | −13 | 33 | 0.7 | 10764 | −19 | 27 | −0.2 | 18971 | −20 | 27 | −0.4 | 1149 |
745 | M | 25-05-12 | active | −16 | 30 | 0.4 | 21515 | −22 | 29 | −0.5 | 19863 | −18 | 29 | −0.6 | 869 |
746 | M | 25-05-12 | 11-04-15 | −18 | 33 | 0.5 | 20123 | −19 | 33 | −0.5 | 2288 | - | - | - | - |
747 | M | 05-07-13 | active | −12 | 32 | 0.5 | 6379 | −20 | 25 | −0.1 | 18677 | −21 | 27 | −0.3 | 1391 |
801 | K1 | 09-01-13 | 22-02-13 | −2 | 36 | 0.3 | 117 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
802 | K1 | 28-01-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −11 | 23 | 0.0 | 10708 | −3 | 50 | 0.1 | 1054 |
851 | M | 28-02-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −22 | 28 | −0.3 | 5750 | −2 | 18 | −0.3 | 359 |
853 | M | 28-06-16 | active | - | - | - | - | −29 | 24 | 0.5 | 6841 | −18 | 26 | 0.2 | 1242 |
854 | M | 16-04-14 | active | −17 | 30 | 0.4 | 3281 | −21 | 24 | 0.1 | 15107 | −9 | 22 | 0.5 | 353 |
855 | M+ | 06-08-14 | active | 21 | 29 | 0.3 | 1448 | 14 | 26 | −0.2 | 17513 | 30 | 17 | −0.2 | 659 |
PRN | SVN | Norad | Cospar | Date | Offset | Satellite Type | Mass (kg) | Orbit | LRA Size (mm) | Plane | Slot | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
From (DD-MM-YY) | To (DD-MM-YY) | MW (m) | SLR (m) | Alt. (km) | Rev. (h) | i (°) | e | Type | |||||||||
C13 | 417 | 41434 | 2016-021A | 12-10-16 | active | 0.6000 0.0000 1.1000 | −0.4026 −0.5730 1.0934 | IGSO | 1900 | 35,790 | 23.93 | 53.31 | 0.0025 | IGSO | 316/280 | C-95E | 1 |
C14 | 415 | 38775 | 2012-050B | 18-09-12 | active | 0.6000 0.0000 1.1000 | −0.4321 −0.5621 1.1128 | MEO | 1900 | 21,529 | 12.88 | 56.21 | 0.0023 | MEO | 316/280 | C-B | 4 |
E14 | 202 | 40129 | 2014-050B | 22-08-14 | active | 0.1600 −0.0100 1.0500 | 1.0146 0.0149 0.5581 | FOC | 662 | 23,225 | 12.94 | 50.1 | 0.002 | MEO | 331.0/248.7 | E-Ext | 2 |
E01 | 301 | 28922 | 2005-051A | 28-12-05 | 30-06-12 | 0.0000 0.0000 0.8800 | 0.8280 0.6550 0.6880 | GIOVE-A | 550 | 23,225 | 14.08 | 56.042 | 0.0008 | MEO | 308/408 | E-GIOVEA | 1 |
R17 | 802 | 40315 | 2014-075A | 27-01-16 | 15-12-16 | 0.0000 0.0000 2.0830 | 0.0000 0.0000 1.4700 | K1 | 750 | 19,132 | 11.26 | 64.8 | 0.0015 | MEO | R = 316.8/r = 171.2 | R-II | 1 |
R21 | 855 | 40001 | 2014-032A | 02-08-14 | active | −0.5450 0.0000 2.3989 | 0.1370 −0.0030 1.8735 | M+ | 1415 | 19,132 | 11.26 | 64.8 | 0.0015 | MEO | 311.0/510.8 | R-III | 5 |
G29 | 57 | 32384 | 2007-062A | 20-12-07 | active | 0.0109 −0.0045 0.7918 | - | IIR-M | 1100 | 20,200 | 11.9667 | 55 | 0.02 | MEO | None | G-C | 1 |
E20 | 104 | 38858 | 2012-055B | 12-10-12 | active | −0.1700 0.0300 0.9500 | −1.0927 0.0340 0.6225 | IOV | 696 | 23,225 | 14.08 | 56 | 0.002 | MEO | 430/470 | E-C | 5 |
J01 | 501 | 37158 | 2010-045A | 11-09-10 | active | −0.0009 0.0029 3.0000 | 1.1491 0.5529 2.6854 | QZS-1 | 1800 | 36,000 | 23.93 | 40.74 | 0.074 | QZS (IGSO) | 400/400 | J-1 | 1 |
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SLR Validation | |
Software | Bernese GNSS Software 5.2 with modifications [39] |
GNSS considered | GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou-2 MEO and IGSO, QZSS |
Considered orbit providers | CODE |
Validation routine | daily |
Time span | since DOY 146/2012 (GPSWEEK 1689) |
Models for Processing | |
Reference frame | SLRF2014 with postseismic deformations from ITRF2014 [13] |
Solid Earth tides | IERS 2010 Conventions [35] |
Ocean tide | FES2004 [43] |
Troposphere | Mendes and Pavlis 2004 [11] |
Relativity | IERS 2010 Conventions [35] |
LRA offsets | according to the recommendations of the ILRS [7] |
Orbit Reconstruction | |
Satellite positions | CODE MGEX ephemerides |
Earth Rotation Parameters | CODE MGEX ERP files |
Albedo model | GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, QZSS applied since 08/2017; BeiDou not applied |
Antenna thrust | GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, QZSS applied since 08/2017; BeiDou not applied |
Attitude model | yaw steering assumed for all satellites |
SRP model | ECOM2 |
Stochastic pulses | every 12 hours in along-track, cross-track, and radial |
Source | GLONASS | Galileo | BeiDou | QZSS | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALL | IOV | FOC | MEO | IGSO | ALL | |||||||
AVG | STD | AVG | STD | AVG | STD | AVG | STD | AVG | STD | AVG | STD | |
COM (MGEX) * | 5 | 50 | −43 | 45 | −35 | 43 | −34 | 65 | −28 | 145 | −20 | 260 |
COM (GOVUS) ** | −12 | 36 | −45 | 38 | −31 | 34 | −12 | 52 | −19 | 132 | −18 | 248 |
SAT | CSPAD | MCP | PMT | TOP10 | All | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AVG | STD | OBS | AVG | STD | OBS | AVG | STD | OBS | AVG | STD | OBS | AVG | STD | OBS | |
IGSO | −26 | 70 | 3988 | −4 | 72 | 1633 | −37 | 85 | 386 | −8 | 72 | 2145 | −20 | 72 | 6054 |
MEO | −10 | 57 | 1819 | −11 | 57 | 1463 | −8 | 61 | 428 | −8 | 61 | 2441 | −10 | 58 | 3835 |
FOC | −36 | 41 | 16847 | −43 | 36 | 15387 | −44 | 39 | 3382 | −37 | 37 | 24964 | −39 | 39 | 36739 |
FOC* | −24 | 28 | 4152 | −35 | 28 | 4399 | −25 | 43 | 1039 | −29 | 29 | 6986 | −29 | 29 | 11564 |
IOV | −40 | 37 | 9075 | −50 | 38 | 8532 | −50 | 41 | 2275 | −43 | 36 | 14688 | −45 | 38 | 20572 |
K1 | −3 | 27 | 2788 | −20 | 20 | 4985 | −6 | 31 | 2658 | −13 | 21 | 7256 | −11 | 26 | 10696 |
M | −13 | 36 | 43075 | −28 | 27 | 25270 | −15 | 41 | 27451 | −18 | 26 | 55914 | −18 | 36 | 99673 |
M+ | 15 | 25 | 3458 | 9 | 24 | 4471 | 15 | 35 | 3312 | 14 | 24 | 6910 | 13 | 28 | 11549 |
QZS1 | −71 | 131 | 1071 | −119 | 89 | 610 | - | - | - | −107 | 110 | 648 | −88 | 120 | 1681 |
System | Type | July 2017 | August 2017 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AVG | STD | OBS | AVG | STD | OBS | ||
GALILEO | FOC | −38 | 40 | 1592 | 0 | 20 | 1880 |
FOC*(ext.) | −44 | 18 | 354 | −1 | 23 | 361 | |
IOV | −57 | 30 | 609 | −8 | 21 | 714 | |
GLONASS | K1 | −18 | 16 | 545 | 8 | 61 | 560 |
M | −19 | 26 | 3486 | −9 | 25 | 3643 | |
M+ | 12 | 23 | 288 | 30 | 16 | 343 |
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Zajdel, R.; Sośnica, K.; Bury, G. A New Online Service for the Validation of Multi-GNSS Orbits Using SLR. Remote Sens. 2017, 9, 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101049
Zajdel R, Sośnica K, Bury G. A New Online Service for the Validation of Multi-GNSS Orbits Using SLR. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9(10):1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101049
Chicago/Turabian StyleZajdel, Radosław, Krzysztof Sośnica, and Grzegorz Bury. 2017. "A New Online Service for the Validation of Multi-GNSS Orbits Using SLR" Remote Sensing 9, no. 10: 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101049