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In probability theory and statistics, variance is the expected value of the squared deviation from the mean of a random variable. The standard deviation...

Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analýein, "to analyze") refers to the process of analyzing information systems in order to understand...

Mann–Whitney U {\displaystyle U} test (also called the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon (MWW/MWU), Wilcoxon rank-sum test, or Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test) is a nonparametric...

In probability theory and statistics, a covariance matrix (also known as auto-covariance matrix, dispersion matrix, variance matrix, or variance–covariance...

The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian civil engineer, economist, and sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, is a power-law probability distribution that...

In statistics, efficiency is a measure of quality of an estimator, of an experimental design, or of a hypothesis testing procedure. Essentially, a more...

Vector autoregression (VAR) is a statistical model used to capture the relationship between multiple quantities as they change over time. VAR is a type...

A division algorithm is an algorithm which, given two integers N and D (respectively the numerator and the denominator), computes their quotient and/or...

The Institut des hautes études scientifiques (IHÉS; English: Institute of Advanced Scientific Studies) is a French research institute supporting advanced...

In probability theory and statistics, the generalized inverse Gaussian distribution (GIG) is a three-parameter family of continuous probability distributions...

The q-Gaussian is a probability distribution arising from the maximization of the Tsallis entropy under appropriate constraints. It is one example of a...

Also known as the (Moran-)Gamma Process, the gamma process is a random process studied in mathematics, statistics, probability theory, and stochastics...

Empirical Bayes methods are procedures for statistical inference in which the prior probability distribution is estimated from the data. This approach...

In mathematics, a Newtonian series, named after Isaac Newton, is a sum over a sequence a n {\displaystyle a_{n}} written in the form f ( s ) = ∑ n = 0...

The James–Stein estimator is a biased estimator of the mean, θ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\theta }}} , of (possibly) correlated Gaussian distributed...

In probability theory and statistics, a stochastic order quantifies the concept of one random variable being "bigger" than another. These are usually partial...

Morisita's overlap index, named after Masaaki Morisita, is a statistical measure of dispersion of individuals in a population. It is used to compare overlap...