Terbium(III) chloride: Difference between revisions

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 312039212

| Name = Terbium(III) chloride

| ImageFileL1 = UCl3 without caption.png

| ImageFile2 = Terbium(III) chloride hexahydrate.jpg

| ImageName = Terbium(III) chloride

| OtherNames = terbium trichloride

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CASNo = 10042-88-3

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}

| UNII = 804HI855F8

| PubChem = 61458

| EINECS = 233-132-4

| InChI = 1S/3ClH.Tb/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3

| SMILES = Cl[Tb](Cl)Cl

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| Formula = TbCl₃

| MolarMass = 265.2834 g/mol

| Appearance = white powder

| Density = 4.35 g/cm³, solid

| Solubility = soluble

| MeltingPtC = 558

| BoilingPtC = 180 to 200

| BoilingPt_notes = (in [[hydrochloric acid|HCl]] gas atmosphere)

|Section3={{Chembox Structure

| Coordination = Tricapped trigonal prismatic<br />(nine-coordinate)

| CrystalStruct = [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] ([[Uranium trichloride#Structure|UCl₃ type]]), [[Pearson symbol|hP8]]

| SpaceGroup = P6₃/m, No. 176

|Section7={{Chembox Hazards

| GHS_ref = <ref>GHS: [https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/product/ALDRICH/204560 Sigma-Alderich 204560]</ref>

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}

| GHSSignalWord = warning

| HPhrases = {{HPhrases|H315 | H319}}

| PPhrases = {{PPhrases|P302 + P352 | P305 + P351 + P338}}

}}

|Section8={{Chembox Related

| OtherAnions = [[Terbium(III) oxide]]

| OtherCations = [[Gadolinium(III) chloride]]<br>[[Dysprosium(III) chloride]]

'''Terbium(III) chloride''' ([[Terbium|Tb]][[Chlorine|Cl₃]]) is a [[chemical compound]]. In the solid state TbCl₃ has the [[yttrium(III) chloride|YCl₃]] layer structure.<ref>Wells A.F. (1984) ''Structural Inorganic Chemistry'' 5th edition Oxford Science Publications {{ISBN|0-19-855370-6}}</ref> Terbium(III) chloride frequently forms a hexahydrate.

== Preparation ==

The hexahydrate of terbium(III) chloride can be obtained by the reaction of [[terbium(III) oxide]] and [[hydrochloric acid]]:<ref name = Xu>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/S1002-0721(08)60253-7 | author = XU Lijuan (许丽娟), LI Yanqiu (李艳秋), LI Xia (李 夏) | title = Synthesis, crystal structure and characterization of one-dimension complex constructed by terbium(III) and 2-iodobenzoate | journal = [[Journal of Rare Earths]] | volume = 27 | pages = 372–375 | year = 2009 | issue = 3| bibcode = 2009JREar..27..372X }}</ref>

:Tb₂O₃ + 6 HCl → 2 TbCl₃ + 3 H₂O

It can also be obtained by direct reaction of the elements:<ref>Webelements: [http://www.webelements.com/terbium/chemistry.html Terbium]</ref>

:2 Tb + 3 Cl₂ → 2 TbCl₃

== Properties ==

Terbium(III) chloride is a white, [[hygroscopic]] powder.<ref>{{Cite book |title=CRC handbook of chemistry and physics: a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data |date=2006 |publisher=CRC, Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-8493-0487-3 |editor-last=Lide |editor-first=David R. |edition=87. ed., 2006-2007 |location=Boca Raton, Fla. |editor-last2=CRC Press}}</ref> It crystallizes in an [[orthorhombic]] [[plutonium(III) bromide]] crystal structure with [[space group]] Cmcm (No. 63).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Paetzold |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rVuSsDZr5CAC&pg=PA204 |title=Chemie: Eine Einführung |date=2009-09-10 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-021135-1 |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Metals |publisher=Reidel |isbn=978-90-277-2385-7 |editor-last=Trotter |editor-first=J. |series=Structure reports A |date=30 November 1986 |location=Dordrecht}}</ref> It can form a complex Tb(gly)₃Cl₃·3H₂O with glycine.<ref>郑平, 陈文生, 张洪权,等. 量热法测定氯化铽甘氨酸配合物及其配离子的标准生成焓[J]. 湖北大学学报(自科版), 2011, 33(3):270-274.</ref>

== Applications ==

The hexahydrate plays an important role as an activator of green [[phosphor]]s in color TV tubes and is also used in specialty lasers and as a [[dopant]] in [[solid-state device]]s.<ref>METALL RARE EARTH LIMITED: [http://www.metall.com.cn/tbcl.htm Terbium chloride]</ref>

== Hazards ==

Terbium(III) chloride causes [[hyperemia]] of the [[iris (anatomy)|iris]].<ref>{{cite book| title = Ophthalmic toxicology| author = George C. Y. Chiou| edition = 2nd| publisher = CRC Press| year = 1999| isbn = 1-56032-722-7}}</ref>

== References ==

{{Chlorides}}

{{Lanthanide halides}}

[[Category:Lanthanide halides]]