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List of Muisca toponyms

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The Muisca Confederation

This list contains the toponyms (place names) in Muisca, the language of the Muisca who inhabited the Colombian Altiplano Cundiboyacense before the Spanish conquest of the Muisca in the 1530s. The name of the language of the Muisca is called Chibcha, Muisca or, in its own language, Muysccubun. Muisca means "man", "person" or "people".

Most names of the Muisca have been kept by the Spanish colonists, though some are slightly altered through time. A number of names refer to the farmfields () or other geographical features of the region.[1][2] The name of the department of Cundinamarca is an exception, it is inferred the name comes not from Chibcha, yet from Quechua, meaning condor's nest.[3]

Chibcha language toponyms outside the Muisca Confederation territories, such as the Guane, Lache, U'wa or Sutagao and Spanish language toponyms within the Muisca Confederation are not included.

Muisca toponyms

[edit]
(Modern) name
bold is capital
Department
bold is capital
Ruler(s)
bold is seat
Meaning(s) in Muysccubun
bold is personal name
Notes Map
Bogotá
Bogotá Formation
Bogotá River
Bogotá savanna
Bacatá
Muequetá
Cundinamarca, Capital District zipa (Enclosure) outside the farm fields [2][4][5][6]
Tunja
Hunza
Boyacá zaque Proud lord [1]
Duitama
Tundama
Tundama Province
Boyacá Tundama Named after cacique Tundama [1]
Sogamoso
Suamox
Sugamuxi Province
Boyacá iraca Dwelling of the Sun (Sué) [1]
Arcabuco
Arcabuco Formation
Boyacá cacique Place of the intricate scrublands
Place enclosed by the hills
[1]
Betéitiva Boyacá cacique Chief of the mouth
Named after cacique Betacín
[1][7]
Boavita Boyacá cacique Point on the hill worshipping the Sun
Gate of the Sun
[1][8]
Boyacá
Boyacá Department
Boyacá zaque Region of the blankets
Enclosure of the cacique
[1][9]
Busbanzá Boyacá iraca Named after cacique Boazá [1]
Cerinza Boyacá Tundama My throat
Named after cacique Cerinza
[1]
Chinavita Boyacá zaque Our point or illuminated hill top [1][10]
Chiquinquirá
Chiquinquirá Sandstone
Chiquinquirá Valley
Boyacá cacique Place of swamps covered with fog
Also: Holy people, because of the
Fúquene Lake ceremonies
[1]
Chíquiza Boyacá zaque Only or alone, Chiqui means priest
Hairy field
[1][11]
Chitagoto
part of Paz de Río
Boyacá Tundama From cacique Chitagoto [12]
Chitaraque Boyacá zaque Our vigorous farmfields from before [1][13]
Chivatá Boyacá zaque Our outside farmfields [1][14]
Chivor
Chivor Mine
Boyacá cacique Our farmfields - our mother
Green and rich land
[1]
Ciénega Boyacá zaque Place of water [1]
Cómbita Boyacá cacique Force of the summit
Hand of the jaguar and wheel of life
[1][15]
Covarachía Boyacá cacique Land of the Sun and the Moon
Cave of the Moon
[1][16]
Cucaita Boyacá zaque Seminary enclosure
Shade of the farming fields
[1][17]
Cuítiva Boyacá iraca Similarity to the chief [1]
Firavitoba Boyacá iraca Air of clouds [1]
Gachantivá Boyacá zaque Chief of the Gacha [1][18]
Gámeza Boyacá iraca Serf of the Sun [1]
Garagoa Boyacá zaque Behind the hill
On the other side of the hill
[1]
Guateque
Guatoc
Boyacá cacique Stream of the ravine
Lord of the winds
[1][19]
Guayatá Boyacá cacique Domain of the female cacique
From Guaya (creek in Tenza) and "tá" (farmfields or land over there)
[1][20]
Iza
Iza—Paipa volcanic complex
Boyacá iraca Place of healing [1]
Lengupá Province
Lengupá River
Boyacá zaque "Len": site; "Gua": of the river; "Paba": father or chief [21]
Macanal
Macanal Formation
Boyacá zaque From: Macana: palm tree or garrote [1][22]
Mongua Boyacá iraca Bath on the hill
Sunrise
[1]
Moniquirá
Moniquirá River
Boyacá cacique Place of bath [1]
Motavita Boyacá zaque Washing place to prepare for growing crops [23]
Nobsa Boyacá Tundama Decent bath of today [1]
Oicatá Boyacá zaque Domain of the priests
Hailstoned farmlands
[1]
Pachavita Boyacá zaque Peak of the man
Proud chief
[1][24]
Paipa
Iza—Paipa volcanic complex
Boyacá Tundama Named after the cacique of the Paipa people [1]
Paya Boyacá cacique People of hope [1]
Pesca Boyacá iraca Strong enclosure
Domain of the fortress
[1]
Pisba
PNN Pisba
Boyacá cacique Honourable domain from before [1]
Ramiriquí
Ramaraquí
Boyacá zaque White earth
Ca-Mi-Quiqui
[1]
Ráquira Boyacá cacique Village of the pans [1]
Saboyá Boyacá cacique Taste for the blankets
Named after cacique Saboyá
[1]
Sáchica Boyacá zaque our present domain
fortress or mansion of the sovereign
[1][25]
San Miguel de Sema Boyacá zaque Named after the Sema tribe, part of the Muisca [1][26]
Sativanorte Boyacá Tundama Named after the cacique Sátiva [1]
Sativasur Boyacá Tundama Named after the cacique Sátiva [1]
Siachoque Boyacá zaque Land of the vigorous taste
Place of good smells and strong and vigorous cultures
[1][27]
Soatá
Soatá Formation
Boyacá Tundama Farmfields of the Sun [1]
Socotá
Socotá Formation
Boyacá iraca
Tundama
Good harvest
Land of the Sun and farmfields
[1][28]
Somondoco Boyacá zaque So = stone, Mon = bath, Co = support
Named after cacique Somendoco or Sumindoco
[1][29]
Sora Boyacá zaque Devil worshipper [1]
Soracá Boyacá zaque Ruling mansion of the sovereign [1]
Sotaquirá Boyacá zaque Town of the sovereign [1]
Susacón Boyacá Tundama Ally of the cacique Susa [1]
Sutamarchán Boyacá zaque Merchant of the sovereign Suta
Marchán refers to 18th century encomendero Pedro Merchan de Velasco
[1][30]
Sutatenza Boyacá zaque Cloud behind the mouth
Descending to the house of the cacique
[1][31]
Tenza
Tenza Valley
Tanazuca
Boyacá cacique Behind the mouth
Going down at night
[1]
Tibaná Boyacá zaque Named after Tibanaes
"Tiba" means chief
[1][32]
Tibasosa
Tibasosa Formation
Boyacá Tundama
iraca
Chief of the domain [1]
Tinjacá Boyacá zaque Enclosure of the powerful lord [1][33]
Tipacoque Boyacá zaque Name of the hacienda of the Augustines
Dependency of the zaque
[1][34]
Toca Boyacá iraca Domain of the river [1]
Togüí Boyacá zaque River of the wife or house of the dog [1][35]
Tópaga Boyacá cacique Behind father river [1]
Tota
Lake Tota
Boyacá iraca Farmfields of the river [1]
Turmequé Boyacá zaque Vigorous chief [1]
Tuta Boyacá zaque Borrowed farmlands or Property of the Sun
Named after the Tuta tribe
[1][36]
Tutazá Boyacá cacique Named after cacique Tutazúa; son of the Sun [1]
Úmbita Boyacá cacique Your point, your summit, summit of the farmlands [1]
Viracachá Boyacá zaque Air of the lake or lord of the enclosure of the wind [1][37]
Zetaquira Boyacá zaque Land of the snake or City of the snake [1][38]
Bojacá
Bojacá River
Cundinamarca zipa Purple enclosure [3][39]
Cajicá Cundinamarca zipa From ca and jica; "stone fortress"
From the cacique Cajic
[40][41]
[40]
Cáqueza
Cáqueza Group
Cundinamarca zipa Region or enclosure without forest [42]
Chía
Chía Formation
Cundinamarca zipa Named after Chía, Moon goddess [43]
Chipaque
Chipaque Formation
Cundinamarca cacique Derived from Chipapabacue; Forest of our ancestors [44]
Choachí Cundinamarca zipa Derived from Chi-gua-chí; our mountain of the Moon [45]
Chocontá Cundinamarca zipa Farmlands of the good ally [46]
Cogua Cundinamarca zipa Support of the hill [47]
Cota Cundinamarca zipa From personal name Gota or cota; "curl" [48]
Cucunubá Cundinamarca zipa Similarity to a face [3][49]
Facatativá Cundinamarca zipa Strong enclosure at the end of the plains [50]
Fómeque
Fómeque Formation
Cundinamarca zipa Your forest of the foxes [51]
Funza
Funza River
Cundinamarca zipa Powerful lord [52]
Fúquene
Lake Fúquene
Cundinamarca zipa
zaque
From and quyny; bed of the fox
Named after the god Fu; bed of Fu
[53]
Gachancipá Cundinamarca zipa Pottery of the zipa [54]
Gachalá Cundinamarca cacique Clay vessel or defeat of the night [55]
Gachetá
Gachetá Formation
Cundinamarca cacique Behind our farmfields [56]
Gama Cundinamarca cacique Our back [57]
Guachetá Cundinamarca cacique Farmlands of the hill [58]
Guasca Cundinamarca zipa From guâ and shucâ; skirt of the mountain range [59]
Guatavita
Lake Guatavita
Cundinamarca cacique End of the farmlands [60]
Lenguazaque Cundinamarca zaque End of the reign of the zaque [61]
Machetá Cundinamarca zaque Your honourable farmfields [62][63]
Manta Cundinamarca cacique Your farmfields [64]
Nemocón Cundinamarca zipa From Enemocón; sadness of the warrior
Named after Nemequene
[64][65]
Pacho
Guataque or Gotaque
Cundinamarca zipa Good father
"Gua" = mountain, "tha"; strong and "que"; elevated; strong elevated mountain
[64][66]
Pasca Cundinamarca zipa Father's enclosure [67]
Quetame
Quetame Group
Cundinamarca cacique Our farmfields of the mountain [68]
Sesquilé Cundinamarca zipa Hot water [69]
Sibaté Cundinamarca zipa Leak of the lake [70]
Simijaca
Simijaca Formation
Cundinamarca zaque (<1490)
zipa (1490–1537)
Blue circle or nose of the white owl [71]
Soacha
Soacha Province
Soacha River
Cundinamarca zipa Súa; Sun god Sué and chá; Man of the Sun [72]
Sopó Cundinamarca zipa Rock or strong hill [73]
Subachoque
Subachoque River
Subachoque Formation
Cundinamarca zipa Work of the Sun
Farmfields of the front
[74]
Suesca
Lake Suesca
Cundinamarca zipa Rock of the birds or Tail of the macaw [75][76]
Susa Cundinamarca zaque (<1490)
zipa (1490–1537)
White reed or soft reed [77]
Sutatausa Cundinamarca zipa Small tribute [78]
Tabio Cundinamarca zipa Mouth [of the river] [79]
Tausa Cundinamarca zipa Tribute [80]
Tena
Zuca
Cundinamarca zipa Place of rest for the zipa [81]
Tenjo Cundinamarca zipa In the mouth [82]
Tequendama
Tequendama Falls
Tequendama Province
Cundinamarca zipa He who precipitates downward [83]
Tibacuy Cundinamarca zipa
Panche
Official chief [84]
Tibiritá Cundinamarca zaque [citation needed]
Tocancipá Cundinamarca zipa Valley of the joys of the zipa [85]
Ubalá Cundinamarca cacique Place on the hillside or At the foot of the hillside [86]
Ubaque Cundinamarca cacique From Ybaque; blooding Eucalyptus tree or from Ebaque [87]
Ubaté
Ubaté Province
Ubaté River
Ubaté Valley
Cundinamarca zaque (<1490)
zipa (1490–1537)
Sower of the mouth or blooded land [88]
Une
Une Formation
Cundinamarca cacique Drop it or mud [89][90]
Zipacón Cundinamarca zipa Crying of the zipa [91]
Zipaquirá Cundinamarca zipa City of our father [37]
Charalá Santander cacique Named after the Guane cacique Chalala [92]
Chipatá Santander cacique "chi" = our, "pa" = father, "tá" = farmland
Named after cacique Chipatá
[93][94]
Onzaga Santander Tundama From cacique Hunzaá [95]
Bosa Cundinamarca zipa Enclosure of the one who guards and defends the cornfields [96]
Engativá Cundinamarca zipa From Ingativá; Cacique of the land of the Sun
Engue-tivá; captain of the delicious [people]
[96]
Fontibón Cundinamarca zipa Powerful chief [96][51]
Suba
Suba Hills
Cundinamarca zipa From "sua"; Sun and "sie"; water
From "uba"; fruit or flower and "sua"; Sun; Flower of the Sun
[96][97]
Teusaquillo Cundinamarca zipa From Teusacá; borrowed enclosure [96]
Tunjuelito
Tunjuelo Formation
Tunjuelo River
Cundinamarca zipa Diminutive form of tunjo; anthropomorph made of gold [98]
Usaquén Cundinamarca zipa From cacique Usaque; Usaque means "under the pole" [99]
Usme
Usme Fault
Usme Formation
Cundinamarca zipa Nest of love [100]
El Chicó Cundinamarca zipa Chicó comes from chicú; "our ally" [101]
Techo
Techo wetland
Cundinamarca zipa From cacique Techitina [102]
Chingaza Cundinamarca zipa
Guayupe
Middle of the width [103]
Siecha Lakes Cundinamarca zipa House of the Lord [104]
Tibabuyes Cundinamarca zipa Land of the farmers [105]
Maiporé Cundinamarca zipa Welcome [106]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br (in Spanish) Etymology Municipalities Boyacá - Excelsio.net
  2. ^ a b (in Spanish) ta - Muysccubun Dictionary
  3. ^ a b c (in Spanish) Etymology municipalities Cundinamarca - El Tiempo
  4. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Bacatá Archived 2016-10-07 at the Wayback Machine - Banco de la República
  5. ^ (in Spanish) bac - Muysccubun Dictionary
  6. ^ BD Bacatá at Emporis.com[usurped]
  7. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Betéitiva[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Boavita Archived 2015-06-02 at archive.today
  9. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Boyacá Archived 2015-05-30 at archive.today
  10. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chinavita Archived 2015-05-31 at archive.today
  11. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chíquiza Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
  12. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Chitagoto
  13. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chitaraque Archived 2015-06-03 at archive.today
  14. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chivatá Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
  15. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cómbita Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Covarachía Archived 2015-06-02 at archive.today
  17. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cucaita Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
  18. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachantivá Archived 2015-06-03 at archive.today
  19. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guateque Archived 2015-06-02 at archive.today
  20. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guayatá[permanent dead link]
  21. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Lengupá
  22. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Macanal
  23. ^ Ocampo López, 2001, p.84
  24. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Pachavita
  25. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sáchica Archived 2018-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ (in Spanish) Official website San Miguel de Sema
  27. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Siachoque
  28. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Socotá
  29. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Somondoco
  30. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sutamarchán
  31. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sutatenza Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tibaná
  33. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tinjacá
  34. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tipacoque
  35. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Togüí
  36. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tuta Archived 2015-05-29 at archive.today
  37. ^ a b Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1126
  38. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Zetaquirá Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
  39. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Bojacá Archived 2017-10-11 at the Wayback Machine
  40. ^ a b Román, 2008, p.288
  41. ^ (in Spanish) History and etymology of Cajicá Archived 2016-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
  42. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cáqueza
  43. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Chía
  44. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chipaque Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
  45. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Choachí Archived 2017-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
  46. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chocontá Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
  47. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cogua Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
  48. ^ (in Spanish) Article Muiscuismos on es:wiki
  49. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Cucunubá Archived 2015-05-22 at archive.today
  50. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Facatativá Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  51. ^ a b Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1119
  52. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Funza Archived 2015-12-21 at the Wayback Machine
  53. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Fúquene Archived 2019-06-16 at the Wayback Machine
  54. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachancipá Archived 2014-03-10 at archive.today
  55. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachalá Archived 2017-07-10 at the Wayback Machine
  56. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gachetá Archived 2017-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
  57. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Gama Archived 2017-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
  58. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guachetá Archived 2017-07-09 at the Wayback Machine
  59. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guasca Archived 2017-07-11 at the Wayback Machine
  60. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Guatavita Archived 2016-01-30 at the Wayback Machine
  61. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Lenguazaque Archived 2015-05-22 at archive.today
  62. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Machetá Archived 2017-06-06 at the Wayback Machine
  63. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1120
  64. ^ a b c Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1121
  65. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Nemocón Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
  66. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Pacho Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  67. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1122
  68. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Quetame
  69. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sesquilé
  70. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sibaté Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
  71. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1123
  72. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Soacha Archived 2016-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
  73. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sopó Archived 2016-02-21 at the Wayback Machine
  74. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Subachoque
  75. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Suesca Archived 2015-05-15 at archive.today
  76. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Suesca Archived 2012-04-26 at the Wayback Machine - Banco de la República
  77. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Susa
  78. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Sutatausa Archived 2016-02-12 at the Wayback Machine
  79. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tabio Archived 2015-05-20 at archive.today
  80. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1124
  81. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tena
  82. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tenjo
  83. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Tequendama Archived 2017-08-13 at the Wayback Machine
  84. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tibacuy
  85. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Tocancipá
  86. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Ubalá
  87. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Ubaque Archived 2017-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
  88. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1125
  89. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Une Archived 2015-05-17 at archive.today
  90. ^ (in Spanish) une - Muysccubun Dictionary
  91. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Zipacón
  92. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Charalá Archived 2015-06-05 at archive.today
  93. ^ Espejo Olaya, 1999, p.1118
  94. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Chipatá Archived 2015-06-07 at archive.today
  95. ^ (in Spanish) Official website Onzaga Archived 2017-07-06 at the Wayback Machine
  96. ^ a b c d e (in Spanish) Etymology localities of Bogotá
  97. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Suba
  98. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Tunjuelito
  99. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Usaquén
  100. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Usme - El Tiempo
  101. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology El Chicó
  102. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Techo[permanent dead link]
  103. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Chingaza[permanent dead link]
  104. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology of the Siecha Lakes
  105. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Tibabuyes
  106. ^ (in Spanish) Etymology Maiporé Archived 2016-07-01 at the Wayback Machine

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Espejo Olaya, Maria Bernarda (1999), Notas sobre toponimia en algunas coplas colombianas [Notes about toponomy of some Colombian ballads - Thesaurus] (PDF) (in Spanish), vol. Tomo LIV, Núm. 3., pp. 1102–1157, retrieved 2016-07-08
  • Ocampo López, Javier (2001), El imaginario en Boyacá: la identidad del pueblo boyacense y su proyección en la simbología regional (Volume 2: El imaginario colectivo en los pensadores boyacenses), Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, pp. 1–157, ISBN 978-958-9160-90-9
  • Román, Ángel Luís (2008), Necesidades fundacionales e historia indígena imaginada de Cajicá: una revisión de esta mirada a través de fuentes primarias (1593-1638) - Foundational needs and imagined indigenous history of Cajicá: a review of this look using primary sources (1593-1638) (PDF) (in Spanish), Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad de los Andes, pp. 276–313, retrieved 2016-07-08
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