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See also:
U+72F9, 狹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72F9

[U+72F8]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+72FA]

Translingual

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Japanese
Simplified
Traditional

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 94, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大竹大人人 (KHKOO), four-corner 44238, composition )

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 711, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20428
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1123, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1348, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+72F9

Chinese

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trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡreːb) : semantic (dog) + phonetic (OC *kreːb) – narrow-minded, like a dog.

Etymology

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The endopassive of (OC *kreːb, “to press between”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gjap (narrow; crowded), from which Burmese ကျပ် (kyap, tight) is derived (STEDT).

Pronunciation

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Note: gip6 - vernacular.
Note:
  • Meixian:
    • hab6 - vernacular;
    • hiab6 - literary.
Note:
  • hiĕk - literary;
  • ĕk - vernacular.
Note:
  • oe̍h/e̍h - vernacular (“narrow”);
  • hia̍p - vernacular;
  • ha̍p - literary.
Note:
  • hiab8/hiêb8 - literary (hiêb8 - Chaozhou);
  • oih8 - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ɕia³⁵/
Harbin /ɕia²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕiɑ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕia⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕia⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕia⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕia²⁴/
Xining /ɕia²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕia⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕia⁵³/
/t͡ɕʰia¹³/
Ürümqi /ɕia⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕia²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕia³¹/
Guiyang /ɕia²¹/
Kunming /ɕia̠³¹/
Nanjing /ɕiɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiaʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /ɕiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ɕia³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦaʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɦaʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɦiɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /ɦa²¹³/
Hui Shexian /xa²²/
Tunxi /xɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕia²⁴/
Xiangtan /xɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /haʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /hap̚⁵/
Taoyuan /hiɑp̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hap̚³/
Nanning /hap̚³³/
Hong Kong /hap̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hap̚⁵/
/ueʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hieʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xa²⁴/
/kiɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /hiap̚⁵/
/oiʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hiap̚³/
/kiap̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (152)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter heap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠɛp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦᵚæp̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɐp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦəɨp̚/
Li
Rong
/ɣɐp̚/
Wang
Li
/ɣɐp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣăp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
haap6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiá
Middle
Chinese
‹ hɛp ›
Old
Chinese
/*N-kˁ<r>ep/
English narrow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5896
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡreːb/

Definitions

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  1. narrow (of rooms, pants, streets, etc.); tight
    弄堂並排 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    弄堂并排 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    8diq-diau 6lon-daon 7theq 8ghaq 0leq 6lian-gheq-gnin 6bin-ba 6gha 5tseu-veq-ku-chi [Wugniu]
    This alleyway is too narrow, not even two people can go through it side by side.
  2. narrow-minded; narrow (of one's thinking, knowledge, mind, etc.)

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Lao: ແຄບ (khǣp)
  • Shan: ၵႅပ်ႈ (kēp)
  • Saek: เกฺ้บ.
  • Thai: แคบ (kɛ̂ɛp)

Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. narrow
  2. contract
  3. reduce
  4. tight
  5. limited

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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(hyeop) (hangeul , revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: hẹp, hiẹp, hệp

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.