Dolch
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain. First attested in the mid-15th century in Upper German texts as Dolch, then also Dollich, Tolch. At first mostly with weak declension (dem Dolchen). The formerly held assumption of a Slavic origin has been abandoned (older Czech tulich is instead a German borrowing).
The word is now mostly derived ultimately from Latin dolo (“pike, dagger”),[1] but the origin of the velar remains unclear.[2][3] It may be due to conflation with a descendant of Proto-West Germanic *dalk, *dolk (“pin, needle, clasp”), which is entirely unattested in Continental West Germanic, only being found in Old English dalc, dolc (“brooch, buckle, clasp”)). Another theory[4] links it to Middle French dollequin (ca. 1400), from Old French dolequin, itself likely from Middle Dutch *dollekijn, a diminutive of Middle Dutch dolle (“dagger”, mid-14th c.), likely from the Latin.[5] Compare early Dutch dolleken, dolck, dolch (modern Dutch dolk).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Dolch m (strong, genitive Dolches or Dolchs, plural Dolche)
Declension
[edit]Hypernyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Middle Low German: dolk, dollich (16th c.)
- → Dutch: dolk (16th c.)
- → Czech: tulich
- → Kashubian: dolch
References
[edit]- ^ “Dolo”, in: Harry Thurston Peck, Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, 1898, Harper & Brothers
- ^ “Dolch”, in: Wolfgang Pfeifer et al., Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen, 1993, published at www.dwds.de
- ^ “Dolch”, in: Kluge/Seebold, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 24th ed., 2002, de Gruyter
- ^ “Dolch”, in: Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm, 2nd ed., 1965-2018, published at www.dwds.de
- ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “dolk1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Further reading
[edit]- “Dolch” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “Dolch” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “Dolch” in Duden online
- “Dolch” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
Dolch on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de
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